Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases

The assignment requires an in-depth explanation of the distinction between communicable and non-communicable diseases. It necessitates a detailed description of each category, outlining their defining characteristics, modes of transmission (for communicable diseases), and providing relevant examples for both types.

Current Issues in International
Hospitality Management
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
In present study, the learning has focused on current issues that have impacted the work culture
of hospitality organisation. In order to have better understanding the learning has also considered the
conduction of London Olympic impact on the operational activities of Holiday Inn Hotel. It has been
spotted in the report that the social issue is source of conflict situation that a business firm can face due
to changes in personal life of individuals or problems in social order. It has been spotted that the social
issues has influenced the business of Holiday Inn in both positive as well as negative way.
Moreover, the modifications in social percept have also boosted the business opportunities for
Holiday Inn as it has created improved awareness among service users. It has impacted the business
environment in positive manner. It has been spotted in the report that hospitality firms has also focused
on adaptation of various standards that can overcome issues in effective manner. It has been spotted
that the organising of London Olympic has influenced the lifestyle and perception of UK citizens in
diverse manner which has influenced operational activities of Holiday Inn in positive as well as
negative manner.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................4
LITERATURE REVIEW.....................................................................................................................4
CASE STUDY......................................................................................................................................7
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS.........................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION....................................................................................................................................9
RECOMMENDATIONS....................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES...................................................................................................................................11
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INTRODUCTION
Hospitality industry is playing an essential role in the UK economic system development. It has
been spotted that the organising of London Olympic has created various issues for the hospitality
industry and it has impacted business of Holiday inn hotel in a negative manner. In regard to this, it can
be said that the hospitality industry is facing various issues in context to political, social and
environmental aspects (Enock and Jacobs, 2008). In order to have better understanding of London
Olympic case study, the learning will focus on impact of social issue on work culture of hospitality
industry.
Moreover, social issue is considered as a challenge or conflict that influences the work
environment and other aspects in negative manner due to changes in perception of diverse individuals
within community. In other aspect, it can be said that the social issue is source of conflict situation that
a business firm can face due to changes in personal life of individuals or problems in social order. In
the support of this, it can also be said that it is an issue or condition that influences the diverse factors
present within community so it is essential for hospitality sector to ensure about social conflicts in
order to boost work culture effectiveness.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Hospitality industry working is combination of diverse activities which plays key role in
meeting satisfaction needs of guests. In this regard, it can be said that there are number of activities that
amends the sustainability of sector such as accommodation, food services, etc. It has also been
witnessed that there are diversified issues present that can influence the operational activities of
hospitality sector. As per the view of Girginov (2009), one of key conflict that impacts the working of
hospitality sector after organizing of London Olympic is considered as changes in perception of
people. It has been spotted that the social issues has impacted business in both positive as well as
negative manner. Key advantage of changes in social perception is that it has motivated customers in
diverse manner and prompted them to use services of hospitality sector (Girginov, 2009). Kerzner
(2013) has also asserted that the customer's are now more attracted towards luxuries hospitality
services that has impacted the business of various hospitality firm in positive manner. Number of
customers is now using services of hospitality firm and it has improved the market share of business
firm in highly competitive market (Kerzner, 2013).
According to Moutinho (2011), customer's are more attracted towards luxurious and eco
friendly services but it is one of most critical task for hospitality business firms to maintain both
standards in collective manner. Due to changes in social perception, the operational activities of
hospitality organisations has also influenced in negative manner (Moutinho, 2011). It has forced
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business firms to change its services and products as per customer's needs because in hospitality sector
guest’s satisfaction level is one of most critical aspect of organisation success. If customers are not
satisfied with the services of hotel then it will impact overall business in negative manner. Tang (2011)
has also contended that the social perception also changes rapidly with transformation of generation so
it is also necessary for business firms to understand social perception in effective manner. It has also
been noticed that in order to identify the customer perception the management of hospitality firm needs
to focus on effective market research which may boost up overall cost of operations (Tang, 2011).
Other than this, Spenceley (2012) has argued that the political and environmental issues are also
one of critical aspect for business firm and it also impacts work culture of hospitality organisation in
diverse manner. Political issues means the changes in political aspects or instability within nation can
also influence the operations of business organisation (Spenceley, 2012). In this support, Coalter
(2007) has critically stated that the terrorism and illegal activities are one of great loop hole that
impacts political stability in negative manner which also influences the work culture of hospitality
sector. For example, during London Olympic, number of criminal gangs and drug smugglers has
boosted their illegal business in shadow of travel and tourism sector (Coalter, 2007).
As London Olympic is considered as international sport event and guests from diverse nations
visit to enjoy the event but illegal activities can also be accomplished easily under the activities of
tourism. These kinds of activities impact the perception of guests in negative manner which also
influences the work activities of hospitality sector in indirect manner. Gratton (2008) has said that the
negative perception decreases the travel and tourism sector opportunities as well as customer base
which also have various negative impacts on the hotel business. Moreover, it has also been spotted that
the environmental issues have also been increased due to London Olympic which has influenced the
overall development of hospitality sector (Gratton, 2008). In order to enjoy the sports event, number of
guests has visited London which has also increased the improper management of hygiene factor. In
other words, it can be said that the improper management of hygiene factor has influenced the
customer perception in negative manner which has impacted the operational activities of hospitality
sector in diverse manner.
As per the view of Dickinson (2011), the changes in social perception has also boosted the
business opportunities for hospitality sector as it created better awareness among customer's. It has
created positive environment within hospitality sector. For example, customers are now getting more
conscious about quality of services so it has forced management of hospitality sector to focus on
various activities and standards that can ensure about quality of services in order meet key needs of
customers (Dickinson, 2011). This indicates that, it is important for tourism sector to change its
working style according to customers perception so that, they can have impressive growth. In order to
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meet the perception of customer's the business organisations has also started focused on various tools
and technological equipments. Preuss (2005) contended that the organizing of London Olympic has
provided a great opportunity to hospitality organisations to deal with cross cultural factors which has
boosted the skills of employees. For example, the number of visitors from different nations has visited
London to enjoy the event (Preuss, 2005). In order to boost the operational activities the management
of hotel has provided training regarding cross cultural management so that different needs can be
identified in appropriate manner to provide services as per customer's expectations.
Moreover, in order to have effective development of standards and operational activities the
hospitality organisations requires high ratio of investment which can impact business in diverse
manner. Dickinson (2011) has stated that the changes in operational activities requires high investment
but it may be critical task for management to allocate proper funding as UK economic condition is
influenced by global economical factors (Dickinson, 2011). Number of other issues has also been faced
by hospitality sector due to changes in social perception. Sharpley (2016) has critically explained that
now a day, customers prefer convenience factor as one of crucial aspect and they demand fast and easy
accessibility to the services. It has also forced management of hospitality organisations to adopt
various technological tools that can reduce the time and provide better services to customers in order to
meet their needs (Sharpley, 201). It has been spotted tourist now prefer easy booking of hospitality
services through using social media tools etc which has forced hospitality organisations to invest more
technological tools in order to boost operational effectiveness.
In this respect, the Minnaert (2014) has stated that the London Olympic has provided a great
opportunity to hospitality organisations by providing effective use of various technological tools. It has
motivated hospitality organisations to use mobile applications for booking systems so that customers
can have easy access to hospitality services (Minnaert, 2014). Electronic and digital tools have also
been used by hospitality organisations to meet the quality standards as per international authorities so
that customer's experience level can also be enhanced. As per the view of author, it can be asserted that
the improvement in quality standards and improved the positive aspects which is beneficial for
sustainable development of hospitality sector.
Adam (2009) has concluded that the social needs identification is one of key issue that
hospitality organisations are facing in sustainable development. It has been identified that the London
Olympics has changed the social perception and lifestyle aspects in diverse manner. Customers are
more attracted towards easy and convenient services that have boosted morale of hospitality firms to
invest more on technological tools (Adam, 2009). Pritchard (2011) has also asserted that the business
organisations are also focusing on development of various quality standards as customers are now
becoming quality conscious and they wish to understand plenty of information about elements of
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products and services. In the support of this, it can also be concluded that the needs identification is
also one of critical task for hospitality organisations as it boosts the overall expenditure of operational
activities (Pritchard, 2011). Political and environmental issues also impact the perception of
community in diverse manner which can influence the overall activities of business so it is essential for
business firm to ensure about political and environmental issues.
CASE STUDY
As per the given case study, it can be said that the organising of London Olympic has impacted
the business of Holiday Inn hotel in diverse manner. In the support of this, it can be said that in order to
experience the sport event the number of visitors has visited London which has indirectly impacted the
customer base of Holiday Inn. Company offers luxurious rooms and services to guests which has
attracted various guests to utilize the services Pritchard (2011). It has impacted positively on the profit
margin ratio of the business organisation and leads organisation to impressive level of success.
Moreover, London Olympic has also created a better opportunity to deal with customer's that belongs
to different cultures. It has boosted the skills of employees and provided various monetary and non
monetary benefits to the firm (Pritchard, 2011).
Other than this, it has also provided information about needs of diversified customer's so that
business can easily design services as per customer's needs in order to meet organisational objectives.
It has also impacted the business of Holiday Inn hotel in negative manner Pritchard (2011). For
example, the mismanagement of hospitality activities has been occurred due to high level of demand.
In addition to this, it can also be stated that it has forced management to increase its investment on
adaptation of various technological tools which has impacted cost in negative manner but provided
diversified long term benefits to firm.
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
As per the structured study, it has been spotted that the organising of London Olympic has
impacted the work culture of hospitality organisations in diverse manner. It has been spotted that in
order to have impressive level of success it is essential for hospitality organisations like Holiday Inn to
understand diverse issues in appropriate manner (Desbordes, 2012). In the support of this, it can be
stated that the social needs identification is considered as one of key issue for organisation and it
impacts the work culture in negative manner. In order to have proper understanding regarding
contemporary issues of hospitality sector, it is necessary for business organisation to focus on various
development activities.
It has been spotted that the hospitality industry is currently facing issues regarding social
aspects. In the support of this, it can be said that the conflict that impacts the working of Holiday Inn
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after organizing of London Olympic is considered as changes in perception of people (Cohen, 2012). It
has been noticed that the social issues has impacted business in both positive as well as negative
manner. Moreover, London Olympic influenced the perception of community in a positive manner and
attracted them towards luxuries hospitality services which has impacted the business of Holiday Inn in
positive manner. It has been spotted that the sales and market opportunities for Holiday Inn hotel has
also been increased in diverse manner (Pritchard, 2011).
Holiday Inn hotel has considered the organising of London Olympic as key opportunity in order
to boost operational activities. In this respect, the Holiday Inn has also invested around 10 million
pounds on the sponsorship of the London Olympics. It has created better brand image in the
international market which has boosted the opportunities. It has also been noticed that the Holiday Inn
becomes the official hospitality service provider for the London Olympic 2012 (Minnaert, 2014). It has
provided better promotional opportunities to the business at international level. It has also boosted the
opportunities for business in diverse manner. Other than this, it has also been noticed that the company
is also provided an advice to London organising committee on various planning and operational
activities of Olympic village (Enock, 2008). It has impacted business in positive manner and created
enhanced level of brand image in the international market. In the support of this, it has also been
spotted that after London Olympic 2012 the profit margin ratio of Holiday Inn has increased by 17
percent.
Moreover, the market share of hospitality organisation within UK market has also been
increased by 8 percent. Company is also looking forward on various improvements to meet the record
demand in market. As per the structured study, it has also been noticed that the social changes has
impacted business in beneficial manner (Adam, 2009). The organizing of London Olympic has
provided a great opportunity to hospitality organisation named Holiday Inn to deal with cross cultural
factors which has boosted the skills of employees. For example, the number of sports personalities
from different nations has visited London to enjoy the event. In order to boost the operational activities
the management of hotel has provided training regarding cross cultural management so that different
needs can be identified in appropriate manner to provide services as per customer's expectations
(Minnaert, 2014).
It has been identified that the London Olympics has changed the social perception and lifestyle
aspects in diverse manner. Customers are more attracted towards easy and convenient services that
have boosted morale of hospitality firms to invest more on technological tools. In this respect, the
management of Holiday Inn has invested more on technological tools up-gradation (Girginov, 2009). It
has also boosted the organisational productivity and provided various monetary as well as non
monetary aspects. It has also been spotted that the Holiday Inn is also expecting the growth of 2.6%
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every year by using brand image of London Olympics. In the support of this, it has been spotted that
the company is expecting reach to 18.0 billion pound growth by the end of year 2016 (Kerzner, 2013).
Demand for accommodation from international visitors is also increasing day by day which is also
beneficial for effective customer base.
It has also helped the business organisation to overcome the financial crises that has impacted
opportunities in diverse manner. It has been spotted that the UK economic system was not stable before
2012 so company was facing various issues in its operational activities. But after the organising of
London Olympic the business firm is taking various long term advantages as economic system become
stable (Preuss, 2005). In year 2015 the company has gained 3.8 percent growth which has boosted the
overall profit margin ratio of firm. It has been identified that the London Olympics has changed the
social perception and lifestyle aspects in diverse manner. It is also one of reason that the social needs
identification is one of key issue which has impacted the sustainable development of Holiday Inn. In
this respect the business organisation has focused on various standards in order to understand social
needs properly (Coalter, 2007).
As London Olympic is considered as international sport event and guests from diverse nations
visit to enjoy the event but illegal activities can also be accomplished easily under the activities of
tourism. These kinds of activities impact the perception of guests in negative manner which also
influences the work activities of Holiday Inn in indirect manner. Company offers luxurious rooms and
services to guests which has attracted various guests to utilize the services (Preuss, 2005). It has
impacted positively on the profit margin ratio of the business organisation and leads organisation to
impressive level of success. In the support of this, it has been spotted that the organisation has also
invested more on television advertising to create an enhanced brand image within market. It has also
impacted the profit margin ratio in negative manner (Gratton, 2008). Moreover, changes in social
perception is one of critical issue as if products and services are not designed as per customer
perception then it will impact business in negative manner which will decrease the operational
activities of Holiday Inn (Minnaert, 2014).
CONCLUSION
As per the above study, it can be concluded that wide range of issues are present that create
barriers for hospitality organisations in the current market scenario. In the support of this, it can be said
that the changes in social perception is one of most critical issue for business organisations and it
impacts operational activities in diverse manner. It has been spotted that the organising of London
Olympic has influenced the lifestyle and perception of UK citizens in diverse manner which has
impacted operational activities of Holiday Inn in positive as well as negative manner. It has increased
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the customer base of organisation but also increased overall cost of operational activities.
RECOMMENDATIONS
According to consideration of various statements, it has been spotted that the hospitality
organisations are facing number of issues that impacts work culture in diverse manner. In order to
overcome the issues the business firm needs to focus on various methods. In this respect, it can be
recommended that the company can focus on online feedback system to understand the perception of
community. It will allow customers to share key issues and positive aspects with the management.
With an improved focus on information provided by the clients the management can easily design
products and services as per needs of customers in order to lead business to impressive level of
success. Moreover, organisation can also focus on various studies of mega events in order to
understand the key needs of customer's. It will provide information regarding various factors or needs
that customer's expect from hospitality organisation. Other than this, business organisation can also
focus on restructure of its services as per consideration of social needs in order to meet goals.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Coalter, F., 2007. London Olympics 2012:'the catalyst that inspires people to lead more active lives'?.
Perspectives in public health. 127(3). pp. 109.
Cohen, E., 2012. Current sociological theories and issues in tourism. Annals of Tourism Research,
39(4). pp.2177-2202.
Desbordes, M., 2012. Global sport marketing: Contemporary issues and practice. Routledge.
Dickinson, J.E., 2011. Slow travel: Issues for tourism and climate change. Journal of Sustainable
Tourism. 19(3). pp.281-300.
Enock, K. E., 2008. The Olympic and Paralympic Games 2012: literature review of the logistical
planning and operational challenges for public health. Public health. 122(11). pp.1229-1238.
Girginov, V., 2009. The political process of constructing a sustainable London Olympics sports
development legacy. International journal of sport policy. 1(2). pp.161-181.
Gratton, C., 2008. Maximizing Olympic impacts by building up legacies. The International Journal of
the History of Sport. 25(14). pp. 1922-1938.
Kerzner, H.R., 2013. Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and
controlling. John Wiley & Sons.
Minnaert, L., 2014. Making the Olympics work: interpreting diversity and inclusivity in employment
and skills development pre-London 2012. Contemporary Social Science. 9(2). pp.196-209.
Moutinho, L., 2011. Strategic management in tourism. CABI.
Preuss, H., 2005. The economic impact of visitors at major multi-sport events. European Sport
Management Quarterly. 5(3). pp. 281-301.
Pritchard, A., 2011. Hopeful tourism: A new transformative perspective. Annals of Tourism Research.
38(3). pp.941-963.
Sharpley, R., 2014. Tourism and development: concepts and issues. Channel View Publications.
Spenceley, A., 2012. Responsible tourism: Critical issues for conservation and development.
Routledge.
Stone, P. R., 2010. Death, dying and dark tourism in contemporary society: A theoretical and
empirical analysis. Doctoral dissertation, University of Central Lancashire.
Stone, P.R., 2012. Dark tourism and significant other death: Towards a model of mortality mediation.
Annals of Tourism Research. 39(3). pp.1565-1587.
Tang, O., 2011. Identifying risk issues and research advancements in supply chain risk management.
International Journal of Production Economics. 133(1). pp. 25-34
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Online
Adam, A., 2009. Contemporary issues in the hospitality industry. [Blog]. <Available through:
http://expertresearchers.blogspot.in/2013/02/quality>. [Accessed on 29th January 2016].
Advantages of hosting a major event. 2012. [Online]. Available through:
<http://www.economicshelp.org/blog/4909/economics/advantages-of-hosting-a-major-event/>.
[Accessed on 29th January 2016].
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