Current Level of Corruption That Exists in Sudan and Means to Derive Ways in Fighting Corruption

Running head: DISSERTATION
Current Level of Corruption that exists in Sudan and Means to Derive Ways in Fighting
Corruption
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author’s Note:

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Acknowledgment
Thank you to all of those who have helped listened and encouraged me throughout this study. I
am indebted to my supervisor ......................... whose guidance, advice and patience have
been immeasurable. My sincere thanks to all members of the............... [Mention your
university/college name], both staff and students, whose continuous support have made this
thesis possible.
I would like to thank all of the participants in the study: students, teachers and Local Education
Authorities, for the time and help given throughout. Without their participation, this research
would not have been possible. In this context, I am also thankful to them, whose research work
helped me to execute this paper well.
Finally, I thank my family, without whom this thesis would not have been started or completed!
Your encouragement and support have never faltered; thank you.

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Abstract
The aim of the research is to emphasize on the current level of corruption that exists in Sudan
and means to derive ways in which this corruption level can be minimized considerably. Sudan
has scored 16 that confirm it to be a state with high level of corruption. Corruption exists in each
sector of Sudan and exists in the form of financial corruption, nepotism, political corruption and
misusing the power largely. Corruption in Sudan imposes high risk for business and investments
because cronyism, bribery and embezzlement are the major problems those have been identified.
Hence, Sudan is the most challenging environment for anti-corruption in the global platform.
Out of 175 countries, Sudan is the 172nd least corrupted country according to the 2018
Corruption Index mentioned by Transparency International. Moreover, Sudan has also been
recognized as one of the worst nations for human rights by Freedom House. This research is
significant because undertaking the research will help in knowing why the level of corruption is
so high in Sudan. In Sudan, corruption is substantial and affects the image, economy, social and
political environment significantly. With this research, it can also be known how corruption is
pulling back Sudan from the rest of countries thereby, restricting the ability for the country to
grow and flourish.
The research philosophy that has been applied in this case is that of the Interpretivism
philosophy. The researcher has also made use of the deductive research approach and the
descriptive analytical research design methodology. In accordance with these tools, the research
involves the collection of the data through the primary data collection method that is through the
process of interview followed by analyzing data by developing themes.

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The data analysis indicates corruption exists in almost every sector of the country and it has only
been increasing over the years. The persistent corruption is making it difficult for the country to
progress in the global platform and is considered to have the most uncomfortable and unsuitable
environment for business. The existing corruption of Sudan is having severe negative
consequences across social, economic, political and human rights aspect of the country. The
different studies signify the extensive level of corruption that questions the nation branding of
the country as a corrupted one. However, it has been found that the government of the country is
taking steps in overcoming the corruption so that the nation branding as the most corrupted
country can be erased in the global platform.

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Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction....................................................................................................................8
1.0 Overview...........................................................................................................................8
1.1 Problem statement.................................................................................................................9
1.2 Research aim..........................................................................................................................9
1.3 Research objectives...............................................................................................................9
1.4 Research questions...............................................................................................................10
1.5 Research rationale................................................................................................................10
1.6 Structure of the dissertation.................................................................................................11
1.7 Summary..............................................................................................................................12
Chapter 2: Literature review..........................................................................................................13
2.0 Overview..............................................................................................................................13
2.1 Corruption............................................................................................................................13
2.2 Nation branding of Sudan....................................................................................................14
2.3 Overview on Sudan..............................................................................................................18
2.4 Corruption in Sudan.............................................................................................................18
2.5 Nature of corruption in Sudan.............................................................................................19
2.5.1 Bureaucratic corruption................................................................................................19
2.5.2 Embezzlement...............................................................................................................20

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2.5.3 Political corruption.......................................................................................................20
2.5.4 Cronyism and patronage...............................................................................................20
2.6 Reasons of corruption in Sudan...........................................................................................21
2.7 Sectors and institutions most affected by corruption in Sudan............................................22
2.7.1 Extractive industries.....................................................................................................22
2.7.2 Public financial management........................................................................................22
2.7.3 Police and security forces.............................................................................................23
2.8 Impact of corruption in Sudan.............................................................................................23
2.9 Anti corruption efforts in Sudan..........................................................................................24
2.10 Summary............................................................................................................................24
Chapter 3: Methodology................................................................................................................26
3.0 Overview..............................................................................................................................26
3.1 Research Outline..................................................................................................................26
3.2 Research Philosophy............................................................................................................27
3.3 Research Approach..............................................................................................................28
3.4 Research Design..................................................................................................................28
3.5 Research Strategy................................................................................................................29
3.6 Sampling Technique............................................................................................................30
3.7 Data Collection Technique..................................................................................................30
3.8 Data Analysis Technique.....................................................................................................31