Data Collection Methods for Research: Primary and Secondary Methods

Data Collection method
There are two types of data collection method including primary and secondary
method of data collection. The primary research method consists of raw data which help the
researcher to gather data on the structured questions. The collected data provides in-depth
analysis of the selected title. The raw data are also required to validate data sources with
respect to validity and reliability (Sutton & Austin, 2015).
The three method of data collection method have been Interview, Questionnaire and
Observation:
Interview: An interview is a type of data collection method that include in-depth
conversation between interviewer and respondent happen (Silverman, 2016). This method
can be done over phone or face-to-face interview.
Questionnaire: Questionnaire has been referred to research instrument that include
series of questions types or printed along with selection of answers expected to be provided
by respondents of survey and statistical study (Brace, 2018). It contains series of close ended
questions based upon research topic and delivered to respondents.
Observation: Observation is a kind of data collection in which researcher used to
observe and interact with participants and become their part of community (Chu, 2015). This
help in analyzing various aspects of participants including demographic, ethnography and
sociology part of participants.
There have been differences among these three types of data collection method.
Questionnaire is a written based process whereas interview can be done over phone or orally.
The nature of questionnaire is objective and that of interview is subjective. Questions arte

close ended in questionnaire and open ended in interview (Brace, 2018). Observation have
been different from these two. Researcher used to observe participants about the research
topic. Researcher used to observe and interact with participants and become their part of
community (Chu, 2015).
Definition (with newest references)
2.1 Crisis presentence
Bahadori et al., (2015) stated that crisis presentence is entailed organizational
planning tasks which can involve proper resources to support the resources are made
depending on nature of the crisis.
2.2 Crisis prevention
Crisis prevention is a method which put early warnings as well as scanning of the
identified crisis. This prevention process can entail to make audits and scan through the
business environment (Jackson, 2017).