Data Communication and Network Routing

This report discusses the operation and underlying networking principles of driverless cars, their weaknesses and risks, and the accuracy, authority, objectivity, currency, and coverage of the research. It covers topics such as the components of operation, underlying networking principles, weaknesses and risks, accuracy, authority, objectivity, currency, and coverage.

Running head: DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK ROUTING
DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK ROUTING
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

2DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK ROUTING
Table of Contents
Task 1.........................................................................................................................................3
Task 2.........................................................................................................................................4
Task 3.........................................................................................................................................4
References..................................................................................................................................6

3DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK ROUTING
Task 1
Most of the vehicles which are modern have some form of automation involved in
their working. The term driverless can be referred to the vehicles which have a higher level of
automation were the driver does not have to indulge in the steering wheel (Broggi et al.
2015). As the concept of technology is advancing continuously, it can be stated that the
driverless car technology would be involved all the recent innovations of technology to get
control of the surrounding, for example, laser light, radar, computer vision and odometer.
Operation
The concept of driverless car majorly have five components of operation:
1. Vision of computer
2. Fusion sensor
3. Localisation
4. Planning of path
5. Control
Underlying networking principle of operation
The vision of computer: The concept can be referred very much similar to how the
camera uses to get a view of the road (Alavi et al. 2017). The activity of human being in this
context uses two eyes and brain to take control of the car, but on the other hand, the driverless
car uses camera images to get a track of the lane lines or the track of other vehicles which
surround them.
Fusion sensor: The concept can be referred to how the data integration is done with
other sensors, for example, the laser and the radar with the camera data to build an
understanding of the environment of the vehicle (Wadhwa and Salkever 2017). There are

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certain types of measurement which should be taken into consideration such as the velocity
and the distance (Nguyen et al. 2017). These data directly help to get a richer concept of the
understanding of the world.
Localisation: Localisation can be considered very much important in the concept
because a distance as small as 1 or 2 meters can have an impact on the surrounding. If the car
gets diverted due to the wrong calculation, it could get into the side walking bay. So to get a
better concept complex algorithm are incorporated into the working so that there is no
adverse condition being imposed.
Planning of path: Ones the car gets the calculation of the overall surrounding the
next phase which would be taken into consideration is the planning of the path. In the phase
of planning, there is a setup of trajectory through which the world to get the exact location
where the driverless car would be going (Reichenbach 2017). The first prediction which
would be taken into consideration is what other vehicles around the car would be going, and
after that, a trajectory or path of execution would be considered that manoeuvred comfortably
and safety.
Control: Control can be considered as a final step. Ones the path planning is done,
the vehicle needs to turn the vehicle or hit the throttle or the break. The control mechanism
can be considered to be very much important in this context due to the factor that the whole
functionality of the car would be dependent on the car (Nguyen et al. 2017). There are
different aspects which should be taken into consideration in the control aspect such as the
speed, breaking time, throttle time and movement of the overall vehicle. In this context, it can
be stated that intend of making the car move towards a particular direction would be defined
but making it move towards the direction can be a job in hand. Control can be considered one

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of the most primary factors which can be taken into consideration which involve the security
of the people surrounding the car as well the passenger in the car.
Task 2
Technology which is taken into consideration is the Driverless car.
In any technology, there can be different types of weakness as well as a risk which are
associated with the technology. The major weakness which can be involved into the
technology majorly includes them without the need of the drivers the cars would be directly a
mini leisure room which can restrict the daily life of the people and make them lethargic. The
travelling could be conducted overnight, and sleep would be entertained during the period.
Car accident and car crashes would be increased directly due to the factor of involvement of
technology into the working of the car (Urry 2016). The technology which is involved in the
concept can be considered to be the very much high end which resulted in minimum system
failures. The traffic in the areas which are urban can be ignored due to the aspect of tailback
at busy times. The sensory technology which is included in the working of the technology can
be considered to perceive the environment in a better manner than the human being
perspective. It can be stated here that one of the most important aspects which can be related
to the technology is that there can be more speed limits which would be directly reflecting the
sector of safe driving this can increase the travel time.
The main risks which can be related to the technology majorly included the price
which would be involved in the driverless car would be out of range for most of the common
people. It is likely to cost about $10000. The driverless being driven by technology most of
the drivers of car and truck would be losing their jobs as autonomous vehicle take control.
The hackers can get indulged into the working of the car would be directly affecting the
sector of road safety and the safety of the traveller (Richtel and Dougherty 2015). One of the

6DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK ROUTING
major risk factors which can be included in the concept is that if there is an accident then who
would be directly responsible for the event. The risk factor which is involved in the concept
would be the reading the road signs which are generated instantly by human-oriented activity
and reading to signs of the road would be very much complex in this case. The data which is
delivered to the car from the surrounding should be given utmost priority due to the factor
that if there would be any alteration in the data, there can be different types of risk involved
into the concept. There can be different ethical aspects which can be involved into the
concept which are majorly faced for instance choice between plowing into a group of school
children or killing a person in the bridge. The prioritization factor can be included in the
working weather to take into consideration the safety of the passengers or the safety of the
people on the road the fact can be stated as an ethical dilemma.
Task 3
 Accuracy: The accuracy of the data which is stated in the report can be considered to
be optimal due to the factor that it states the technology role in recent times in an
explanatory manner. The technology which is taken into consideration in the report
can be stated to be very much accurate due to the research which is being conducted
in the field of access to the technology.
 Authority: The main authority of the research is taken from a source which is
genuine and involves information in a manner which describes the technology. The
research which is being conducted in the areas shortly can be considered as playing an
important role in the sector of making the technology safer.
 Objectivity: The main objective which can be stated here is that to provide a clear
overview of the concept of the driverless car. On the other hand is a technology-
oriented sector, it can be stated that there are few backlogs in the technology.
Overcoming the technology can be considered very much important because it

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involves different factors related to the life of the common people. The main goal in
the technology should be to make the technology safe so that there are no issues face
with the working of the technology.
 Currency: The data which is provided in the report which less than two years old. It
can be stated here that the technology which is taken into consideration is very much
a recent field of technology and research is being conducted in the field of the
technology (Waldrop 2015). As in the future, it can be stated that the technology
would be playing a very dominant role.
 Coverage: The coverage area related to the field of discussion in the report covers the
aspect of the working of the technology. The different parameters which are involved
in the technology are taken into consideration. The weakness and the risk factors
which are involved in the technology can be considered to be one of the most
important factors which are discussed in depth in the report. The main sector of
coverage which can be included in the concept would be the risk factors which are
involved in the working of the technology.

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References
Alavi, H.S., Bahrami, F., Verma, H. and Lalanne, D., 2017, June. Is Driverless Car Another
Weiserian Mistake?. In Proceedings of the 2017 ACM Conference Companion Publication
on Designing Interactive Systems (pp. 249-253). ACM.
Broggi, A., Cerri, P., Debattisti, S., Laghi, M.C., Medici, P., Molinari, D., Panciroli, M. and
Prioletti, A., 2015. PROUD—Public road urban driverless-car test. IEEE Transactions on
Intelligent Transportation Systems, 16(6), pp.3508-3519.
Goodall, N.J., 2016. Can you program ethics into a self-driving car?. IEEE Spectrum, 53(6),
pp.28-58.
Greene, J.D., 2016. Our driverless dilemma. Science, 352(6293), pp.1514-1515.
Nguyen, K.D.T., Nguyen, L.D., Le, S.H., Van Le, T. and Nguyen, V.G., 2017, November.
Vision-based driverless car in the condition of limited computing resource: Perspectives from
a student competition. In Intelligent and Evolutionary Systems (IES), 2017 21st Asia Pacific
Symposium on (pp. 67-72). IEEE.
Nguyen, K.D.T., Nguyen, L.D., Le, S.H., Van Le, T. and Nguyen, V.G., 2017, November.
Vision-based driverless car in the condition of limited computing resource: Perspectives from
a student competition. In Intelligent and Evolutionary Systems (IES), 2017 21st Asia Pacific
Symposium on (pp. 67-72). IEEE.
Reichenbach, M., 2017. The driverless car. In Sustainable Investing (Vol. 146, No. 152, pp.
146-152). ROUTLEDGE in association with GSE Research.
Richtel, M. and Dougherty, C., 2015. Google’s driverless cars run into problem: Cars with
drivers. New York Times.

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Urry, J., 2016. What We Do Whilst Driving: Towards the Driverless Car. In Mobilities: New
Perspectives on Transport and Society (pp. 245-266). Routledge.
Wadhwa, V. and Salkever, A., 2017. The Driver in the Driverless Car: How Our Technology
Choices Will Create the Future. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
Waldrop, M.M., 2015. No drivers required. Nature, 518(7537), p.20.
Zhou, K., Yu, L., Long, Z. and Mo, S., 2017. Local path planning of driverless car navigation
based on jump point search method under urban environment. Future Internet, 9(3), p.51.