Data Mining Application Using Domain Knowledge & Ontology

This report delves into the application of domain knowledge and ontology within data mining processes. Section A presents a concept graph for a travel website, detailing assumptions made in its creation and providing an OWL/RDF document representing the ontology. It also includes FAQs addressable via the ontology and corresponding SPARQL queries. Furthermore, the section presents rules and axioms and the advantages of using ontological structure. Section B outlines the steps involved in pre-processing text for inverted index construction, including tokenization, normalization, stemming, and stop word detection, alongside an algorithm for identifying specific terms. Section C uses the Jaccard Coefficient to determine customer similarities based on a utility matrix and compares it to the vector space model. Section D and E provides rules. Desklib is the perfect platform for students looking for similar solved assignments.

Running head: DATA MINING USING DOMAIN KNOWLEDGE AND ONTOLOGY
Data mining using domain knowledge and ontology
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Authors note

1DATA MINING USING DOMAIN KNOWLEDGE AND ONTOLOGY
Table of Contents
Section A....................................................................................................................................2
Section B..................................................................................................................................22
Section C..................................................................................................................................24
Section D..................................................................................................................................28
Section E..................................................................................................................................29
Bibliography.............................................................................................................................32

2DATA MINING USING DOMAIN KNOWLEDGE AND ONTOLOGY
Section A
i.
Figure 1: Concept graph for the https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/
(Source: Created by author using Protégé)

3DATA MINING USING DOMAIN KNOWLEDGE AND ONTOLOGY
Assumptions made for the creating the concept graph
While developing the concept graph to represent the knowledge and concepts in
provided on the URL, following assumptions are made;
The user will be navigating the website only through the navigation menu provided
in the webpage.
The branches for the different menus or the knowledge instances are visited in a
chronological manner by the visitors of the website.
For the concept map it includes defined mapping among the conceptual graph and
the knowledge base of the website through the use of the first-order logical formula. Even
though conceptual graphs like the above one allows representation of temporal as well as
non-monotonic logics that forms the knowledge base.
ii.
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/"
xml:base="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/"
xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#"
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#">

4DATA MINING USING DOMAIN KNOWLEDGE AND ONTOLOGY
<owl:Ontology rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/"/>
<!--
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Classes
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-->
<!-- https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Adventure -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Adventure">

5DATA MINING USING DOMAIN KNOWLEDGE AND ONTOLOGY
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/Things_to_do"/>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Andaman -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Andaman">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/India_Destination"/>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Arugam_Bay_Beach
-->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Arugam_Bay_Beach">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/Places"/>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Asia -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Asia">

6DATA MINING USING DOMAIN KNOWLEDGE AND ONTOLOGY
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/International_Destination"/>
</owl:Class>
<!--
https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Attidiya_Bird_Sanctuary -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Attidiya_Bird_Sanctuary">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/Places"/>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Bali -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Bali">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/International_Destination"/>
</owl:Class>
<!--
https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Beddagana_Wetland_Park -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Beddagana_Wetland_Park">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/Places"/>

7DATA MINING USING DOMAIN KNOWLEDGE AND ONTOLOGY
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Beira_Lake -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Beira_Lake">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/Places"/>
</owl:Class>
<!--
https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Bellanwila_Rajamaha_Vihara
ya -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Bellanwila_Rajamaha_Viharaya">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/Places"/>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Budget_Travel -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Budget_Travel">

8DATA MINING USING DOMAIN KNOWLEDGE AND ONTOLOGY
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/Things_to_do"/>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Casino_Marina -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Casino_Marina">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/Places"/>
</owl:Class>
<!--
https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Colombo_Dutch_Museum -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Colombo_Dutch_Museum">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/Places"/>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Dehiwala_Zoo -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Dehiwala_Zoo">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/Places"/>
</owl:Class>

9DATA MINING USING DOMAIN KNOWLEDGE AND ONTOLOGY
<!-- https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Destinations -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Destinations"/>
<!-- https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Diyatha_Uyana -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Diyatha_Uyana">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/Places"/>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Europe -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Europe">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/International_Destination"/>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Festival -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Festival">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/Things_to_do"/>

10DATA MINING USING DOMAIN KNOWLEDGE AND ONTOLOGY
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Food -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Food">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/Things_to_do"/>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Galle_Face_Green --
>
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Galle_Face_Green">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/Places"/>
</owl:Class>
<!--
https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Gangaramaya_Buddhist_Tem
ple -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Gangaramaya_Buddhist_Temple">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/Places"/>

11DATA MINING USING DOMAIN KNOWLEDGE AND ONTOLOGY
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/GetFreeQuotes -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
GetFreeQuotes"/>
<!-- https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Goa -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Goa">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/India_Destination"/>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Haunted -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Haunted">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/Things_to_do"/>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/Himachal -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-colombo/
Himachal">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://traveltriangle.com/blog/best-places-to-visit-in-
colombo/India_Destination"/>