Decarbonization in G7 Countries

RUNNING HEAD: DECARBONIZATION IN G7 COUNTRIES 1
Decarbonization in g7 countries
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DECARBONIZATION IN G7 COUNTRIES 2
Introduction
The G7 countries include Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, United States, Canada,
Germany, and France (Laub & McBride, 2015).They are considered countries with the largest
advanced economies in the world amounting to 58% of the global net wealth, $317 trillion. They
also present more than 46% of purchase power parity.
Increased utilization of coal to produce energy is proportional to increased carbon emissions
thus the need to develop a centralized policy for decarbonization. Citizens also tend to drive
vehicles over long distances, more often by means of rail and live in homes that are spacious
during cold climates. In a large-scale view, it adds up to the extent of carbon emissions (Acaravci
& Ozturk, 2010). Decarbonization is, therefore, the inclusive process undertaken to reduce
carbon emissions and their effects on the environment through integration of different policies.
Despite the media and the actions of mitigating the change in climate being certain, the efforts by
the public to incorporate these in their daily lives is still ambivalent in some countries like USA
and Australia Björnberg, K. E., Karlsson, M., Gilek & Hansson, 2017).
More than 150 governments pledged to adhere to the strategies of carbon emissions
according to the United Nations Climate change conference (COP21, Dec 2015) in Paris
(CLARK & JORGENSON, 2012). The aim of these was to attain a 2% zero net emission rate by
2100. However, there is doubt whether these strategies will help in attaining the zero net
emission in most of the countries in the world (Bildirici, 2014). A more complex version of the
same is to speculate whether the path chosen will be efficient in reducing carbon emissions to the
desired level by 2030.

DECARBONIZATION IN G7 COUNTRIES 3
To achieve this goal, appropriate decarbonization of the energy systems and zero net
green hose gas emissions is necessary by2070. The G7 countries in exception of the US agreed
to submit their decarbonization plans as stated in the Paris agreement (Chang, 2010).
i) Examine and describe the scientific evidence that suggests we need to stabilize
warming at 2ºC, as given in IPCC AR5 and more recent literature, and describe the
current emissions trajectory for the globe as a whole.
Some of the evidences that show the need to stabilize warming at 2oc include melting of ice in
the Polar Regions from more warming temperatures hence significant rise in the sea levels.
Studies record a high rate of carbon accumulations in the atmosphere leading to further depletion
of the ozone layer (Dovern, Fritsche & Slacalek, 2012). Drastic temperature increment have
been recorded in some parts of the world associated with uncontrolled effects. These scientific
evidences are enough to summon the world of the need to decarbonize (Rockström, Gaffney,
Rogelj, Meinshausen,, Nakicenovic & Schellnhuber, 2017).
ii) Compare and discuss recent progress toward decarbonisation in the G7 countries
and contrast this with Australia’s current policy position.
Germany
Germany's pathway towards decarbonization focuses on the transition to low-carbon
energy uses to curb emissions from transportation sectors that account for the largest emitters of
GHGs (Steinbacher & Röhrkasten, 2019). Citizens are willing to abandon their vehicles and use

DECARBONIZATION IN G7 COUNTRIES 4
trains, buses, and bikes so as to reduce carbon emission. The state has developed a multi-faceted
policy for the transition of energy sources to more renewable ones (Sadorsky, 2009). it has
implemented strategies that help them work with nations outside the EU. These therefore calls
for collaborations internationally.
Italy
Most of the state's energy is imported in the neighboring countries thus its pathways
towards decarbonization serves to reduce pressure on the ecosystem (Arnold & Gunderson,
2013). The decarbonization pathways in this country contributes to implementation of policies
towards mitigation of climate change and its importance through tilization of three distinct
pathways that could help reduce emissions by 40% in 2030 and 80% in 2050 as compared to
years like 1990.
United States
Through the Energy Policy and Conservation Act, the US government established a
conservation program that gives the Ministry of Energy the power to implement, develop and
revise conservation standards for equipment and appliances. Despite these, US still stands at a
poor strategy of carbon emissions (Jotzo, Depledge & Winkler, 2018).
Canada
This state embraces the use of zero cultivation to reduce energy in contrary to some of the
conventional methods of farming. The future of the state is, therefore, focused on designing more
intelligent discoveries that help conserve energy. Policies have been implemented to facilitate the