Arnstein's Ladder of Participation Doc

INVOLVE HARD-TO-REACHGROUPS IN DECISIONMAKING

TABLE OF CONTENTSINTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................1REASONS FOR INVOLVING RESIDENTS IN DECISION MAKING......................................1ARNSTEIN’S LADDER OF PARTICIPATION............................................................................3REFERENCES................................................................................................................................5

ILLUSTRATION INDEXIllustration 1: Ladder of citizen participation..................................................................................3

Running Head: Decision Making Process 1
Decision-Making Process Report
Name:
Instructor:
Date:

Decision-Making Process 2
Executive Summary
Metropolis International Group Limited is a global provider of business and consumer
media services, reward, loyalty programs and business software firm, it was founded in April
1994; it prides itself as the trusted provider of business and consumer media services. Metropolis
International Group works as a holding company, having several subsidiaries attached to it.
Metropolis subsidiaries provide a business and consumer periodical publishing, discount and
loyalty program administration. Metropolis International Group serves customers in the United
Kingdom, Ireland and the United States. The company has 300 employees and has offices across
the United Kingdom and the United States. The company headquarter is located in West London.
The group through its subsidiaries publishes Electronic Weekly for the electronic
industry, Property Week for the commercial and residential property industry, Property Week
and UK Boarding School Guide provides a guide to parents and students for boarding schools.
The company among others also provides Duty-Free News international for the travel retail
industry, Laboratory News which involves a lot of laboratory science in it, finally the Motor
Trade for automotive industry professionals.
Metropolis International Group Limited needed more 3D printing and publishing
machines that would efficiently and effectively produce the magazines according to the current
consumer trends. The Group decided to approach Xerox Corporation to develop a customized
printer for the upcoming consumer trends. The group worked closely with Xerox Corporation to
come up with a 3D printer that was entirely required by the new trends. Xerox Corporation
developed the integrated system and carried out workshops and training to the employees to
teach them on the use of the new machinery acquired within the Metropolis Group Limited.

Decision-Making Process 3
Contents
Section 1: Map of a path to purchase of the product...........................................................2
1.1 Need Recognition..........................................................................................................2
1.2. Information search........................................................................................................2
1.3. Alternatives Evaluation................................................................................................2
1.4. Purchase Decision.........................................................................................................3
1.5. Post Purchase Evaluation..............................................................................................3
2.0. Consumers’ Black Box.................................................................................................3
3.0. Map out of Decision making........................................................................................4
Section 2: Research and data in consumer behaviour.........................................................5
4.0. Similarities and differences of the decision making process........................................5
4.1. Similarities across B2B and B2C.................................................................................5
4.2. Differences between B2C and B2B..............................................................................5
5.0. Market Research Methods............................................................................................6
Section 3: Influence on the decision making.......................................................................6
6.0. Factors influencing decision making............................................................................6