(PDF) Defining mental health and mental illness

Rua experience within the New Zealand
Justice System

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
PART ONE......................................................................................................................................1
Describing the mental health issues and the substance abuse problem that Rua experiencing
over the situation.........................................................................................................................1
Key legislation, systems and processes that would have applied to Rua and discuss the impact
these may have had.....................................................................................................................2
Evaluating the role of court report recommendation in the sentence she was given and the
implications.................................................................................................................................4
PART TWO.....................................................................................................................................4
Describing what assessment methods were used in Rua's case and propose alternatives
approaches...................................................................................................................................4
Explore the ethical issues and discussing the role the significance involved, played in the
treatment of Rua..........................................................................................................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Judiciary of New Zealand is a system of courts that interprets and applied the laws of
New Zealand. The Judiciary has four levels the six member supreme court is the highest court
the ten member court of Appeal hears from the high court on points of law. Present study will be
base on Legal justice system which is based on the case study of Rua's. She is suffering from
mental trauma and already spend 15 months in jail due to drug habits. So therefore, To outline
the case study in detailed manner report will be describing that what mental issues and the
substance abuse problems that she was experienced. Also, it will explains the mental and legal
systems and processes that would have applied to Rua and discuss the impact these may have
had. Overall, the whole study will outline the brief summary of Rua's life and justified the case
with the help of using justice law system in New Zealand.
PART ONE
Describing the mental health issues and the substance abuse problem that Rua experiencing over
the situation.
Case Summary
The present case based on 35 years old lady Rua she suffering from mental trauma due to
many reasons (Bayley, 2017). One of the main reason is drugs and alcohol and depression. She
came out from the jail after spending around 15 months also In jail she harmed herself in
different ways. To get rid out of her situation she participated in an AOD course. She committed
that she used to taking A drugs in the past and now she avoiding but at times she using cannabis.
After a period of time she also starting drinking cheap wines as well. Apart from this, She had
bad memories and big issues with her family and with their children who separated from her and
live with her ex husband wife. The reason behind taking drugs and alcohol because all such
things help her to forget that she was sexually abused by a friend of her birth father. Along with
this it will helpful for making the good impact on the overall performance. These were her forts
driving offences but is very scared that this could result in her losing contact with her children if
she agrees to go to an inpatient treatment centre. After the case of of her brother who was also
died due to drunken and drive case six weeks ago (Barretto, Miers and Lambie, 2018). So
basically, from the court she is been awaiting for her date relates to driving without a licence and
driving under the influence of alcohol. Whilst in prison she also attended AA but soon as she
was back in society she resume smoking and drinking alcohol in the belief that she could drink
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UN-problematically. Being suffering from the mental health assessment whilst. It also very
unusual to take effective decision making process to be more effective and authenticated during
the better services as goals. While, she also works at local dairy thirty hours a week and also
having part time job in local cinema (Andrae, McIntosh and Coster, 2017). So it has been
analysed that Rua's suffering from multiple disorders due to which clinicians could not give her
high dose. This process will help to define the best practices and goals to be more effectively
engaged and makes better goals and services. Along with that, it better helps to ensure the
effective out goals and prefer to have some new effective outcomes for her to recover in very
frequent manner. So basically, its justice system is very ineffective for her to get the better and
best outcomes and results. Gwen knows of a family who have a flat for rent if Rua can stop
drinking and smoking so it has been encouraging for her to recover in more energetic way.
Key legislation, systems and processes that would have applied to Rua and discuss the impact
these may have had.
Extraordinary advances have been made in the treatment of mental illness. As a result
many health disorder can now be treated nearly as successfully as physical disorders. As Rua
also suffering with the same issue of mental disorder which make her low and feel discarded
from the society. Also the case discussed that how much attention should required the case by
the patient. As according to the treatment of Rua Strength based approach is best for her to get
his all issues out of her life.
System Based Approach
System based approach is a social work practice theory that emphasizes people self
determination and strengths. It is philosophy and a way of viewing clients as resourceful and
resilient in the face of adversity (Flynn, Naylor and Fernandez Arias, 2016). The purpose of this
model is to ensure and get the patient strength to make her more attentive and challenging. In this
approach the main focus of the care taker is to more towards the strength of the people that is
more helpful and effective. This approach is give more value and support to knowledge,
connections, capacity and skills do an individual have. Such as practitioner working in this
manner to work in a collaborate manner where it provides help to other people to do things for
themselves without any tension and past baggage. The strengths approach to practice has broad
applicability across a number of practices setting and a large range of populations. Also it
requires to have an systematic approach to more focus on the task which needs to be more
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effective and attentive in terms of making the and getting the good outcomes (Welford, 2016).
This systematic frameworks can helpful to give support rather than make her punishable by the
court.
Reason for taking this approach
This approach is helpful to engaging Rua's confidence level and give her a new direction
of life. Strength based approaches concentrate on the inherent strengths of an individual,
facilities, friends. This is best approach for the treatment of Rua that makes her think positive
and competitive to deal with the challenges. This personal characteristics can helpful to recovery
of Rua. This will help to make understand and effective to better forms and opportunities. The
reason to taking this approach is helpful to better developing things and better undertake the
things into more profitable manner (Rathod and et.al., 2017). There is also evidence that can
helpful to strengthen and improve social networks and enhance well being.
This form of structure and framework can helpful to make Rua strong and make good
decisions for their life. This practices helps to work in collaborative manner that more effective
and efficient to be more stronger (Strengths-based approaches for working with individuals,
2012). Member of different disciplines in the sector are trying more positive approaches and
using different words to describe it. Prevention practitioners use words for this approach that is
to describe an individual ability to function well and achieve goals and despite overbearing
stresses or challenges (Dawson, 2015). There are includes some standards in strength Based
Approach which considered by the practitioners in the process of care.
 Goal Orientation
 Strengths assessment
 Resources from the environment
 Explicit Methods
 The relationship is hope inducing
 Meaningful choice
Outcomes
The best outcomes came from this approach is it will be helpful for Enhancing well being
of Rua's. Because given punishment is not a solution for Rua's but also she required any
emotional support and care to make her stable on her own (Clark and et.al., 2017). This SBA is
also useful in terms of using new more different approaches like solution focused Therapy,
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Strengths Based Case Management, Narrative and Family Support services in an most addictive
manner. It is a kind of therapy which is articulating and building upon individuals assets or
capabilities.
Evaluating the role of court report recommendation in the sentence she was given and the
implications.
Under the act or a comprehensive framework for mental health treatment in New
Zealand. Under this mentioned that people who suffering from mental illness who causes or may
cause serious attempt to themselves or others. Compulsory treatment under the act avail an
opportunity for a person experiencing a serious mental illness to begin to live well in the society
and take self ownership of their health care (Hodkinson, 2015). Any of the person can give
request on mental health assessment under the act or supported recommendation by a registered
medical practitioner. Court of New Zealand give permission to people who does not able to
understand their own performance and suffering from any severe mental issue. In that case, New
Zealand court give permission for treatment and take proper care to the people. In such cases
Rua can get better disciplinary approach by the court and get fair decision by the court. Also it
provides the effective decision making approach. Court of New Zealand provides proper care to
the patient along with providing them a clinicians (Van Ness, 2016). Receive care as a care
recipient by the court. So basically court gives opportunity to keep people safe from the other
crime and give them the best cure.
Pre-trial and trial stage
This stage and system must be followed by the people who suffering from mental illness
and health issues.
PART TWO
Describing what assessment methods were used in Rua's case and propose alternatives
approaches.
In order to focus on the Rua's life and condition. She must take more health interventions
that helps her to make or conduct more new decisions of their life. There are providing some
more alternatives interventions that makes her life more effective and productive in terms of
performing good in the life challenges. To recommend new alternative solutions and
recommendation (Shepherd and Ilalio, 2016). There are some more alternative methods that can
be adopted by the company in more better manner. Such as given below:
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Alternative approaches for well being
Approach of Maori social work
It is a social frameworks which is basically use for Indigenous approaches to working.
Maori is a social approach which has been developed a strong base for social work practice and
to build an individual engagement between workers. There are two elements of Maori
approaches which is values and beliefs that helps to support theory and use of social work
models (Brittain and Tuffin, 2017). Values, beliefs, practices and protocols were described by
participants whose a awareness. This approach is assist to focus on one issue which is heavily.
This approach is useful to take effective decision making process of influencing the high
disadvantageous growth.
Family Support Services
This is the another approach which has been taken by the practitioners. This approach is
helpful to provide effective services and provoking the high advantageous target to the company
which is more effectively performed by the service providers. This approach can helpful to Rua
and make mental conditions good and effective (Grant, 2016). For Post Traumatic Stress
disorder This alternative approach is most significant intervention for Rua's case. This is best
trip and way to better understand the way to get over from the issue of Rua's also it requires to be
the best way to get cure from the mental issues.
Cognitive Theories of PTSD
Cognitive theory of PTSD can helps to reduce the negative impact of alcohol which has
been suffering from Rua. This been given the great impact on the performance and growth which
very important to focus in more detailed manner (Andrae, McIntosh and Coster, 2017). This
approach is given a significant impression on Rua which assist her to deal with the issues and
make her more stable. An individual exploded to a traumatic event tries to make sense of the
experience but has difficulty fully integrating it into his/her existing schema.
Psychological Interventions
This is the another alternative scheme that can address the issue of Rua trauma. This
intervention can give her support to deal with the stress she had suffering from. Also helps to
make her own decisions in an proper manner. Along with that, this makes the things preferable
and make the things in appropriate and very challenging.
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Explore the ethical issues and discussing the role the significance involved, played in the
treatment of Rua.
Being as a Social worker it has been identified that in the case of Rua there are many
people has involved who directly or indirectly connected with this case somehow. Like court,
Care taker, her children, her ex husband, Mary, her room-mates, counsellor in prison and Gwen.
In the case with Rua there are many ethical issues has involved throughout. Like first is she is
been came out from the prison after 15 months and in Prison they hurt themselves and others due
to mental illness and mental depression (Skipworth, 2019). She also having habit of drugs and
drinking alcohol which is also illegal and unethical in case of laws. While implying the justice
system on Rua and give her the best treatment so that is been analysed that how much they are
useful for her to make the best opportunity and goals. Such business activities make the process
more energetic and influencing. Another ethical issue found in the case is stealing a cigarette
from the store where she worked. This is also very wrong activity performed by the Rua which is
not acceptable by the court. It has been noticed that due to mentally disturbed and with having
zero percent support from the family. She forcefully need to to do all such things. Other ethical
issue is a drink-en driving which is also very offensive crime.
The role of Stakeholder involved in the case of Rua
Government : The legal justice system of new Zealand describes that with having
mental illness. Court will never considered that patient criminal. This system also having
wrongful fact which is not right (Gibbs, and Sherwood, 2017). Legal justice system liable to
give proper treatment to Rua to help her.
Practitioner/care giver : Social worker or Practitioner should liable to give her support
and make her comfortable in the whole process. The responsibilities of clinicians is to give
proper care to Rua so that she can rebuild their confidence and make her life more happy. There
responsibility is to provide standard intervention approaches on Rua.
Friends/Family : Friends and Family can also plays a most significant in providing full
support to Rua so that she feel safe and secure (Gibbs and Sherwood, 2017).
CONCLUSION
On the basis of above report it has been concluded that how legal frameworks and justice
system can impact the overall patient scenario. In order to accomplished the aim of the report.
Study outlined some significant frameworks that helps to the present case. Like System Based
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Approach is the application which is necessary to be accomplish the goals in an proper manner.
Study explained the SBA methodology framework rather punish her. Study has been explained
the New Zealand having a equal justice under the law and to provide a mechanism for dispute
resolution. Also study explained the court report and recommendation in the sentence given by
the court. In order to get over from the Rua case report also explained the issues that this case
has highlighted and discuss the role the significant stakeholder involved.
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REFERENCES
Books & Journals
Bayley, D., 2017. Governing the police: Experience in six democracies. Routledge.
Barretto, C., Miers, S. and Lambie, I., 2018. The views of the public on youth offenders and the
New Zealand criminal justice system. International journal of offender therapy and
comparative criminology. 62(1). pp.129-149.
Andrae, D., McIntosh, T. and Coster, S., 2017. Marginalised: An insider’s view of the state, state
policies in New Zealand and gang formation. Critical Criminology. 25(1). pp.119-135.
Flynn, C., Naylor, B. and Fernandez Arias, P., 2016. Responding to the needs of children of
parents arrested in Victoria, Australia. The role of the adult criminal justice
system. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology. 49(3). pp.351-369.
Semrau, M., Evans-Lacko, S., Alem, A., Ayuso-Mateos, J.L., Chisholm, D., Gureje, O., Hanlon,
C., Jordans, M., Kigozi, F., Lempp, H. and Lund, C., 2015. Strengthening mental health
systems in low-and middle-income countries: the Emerald programme. BMC
medicine. 13(1). p.79.
Welford, R., 2016. Corporate environmental management 1: systems and strategies. Routledge.
Rathod, S. and et.al., 2017. Mental health service provision in low-and middle-income
countries. Health services insights. 10. p.1178632917694350.
Dawson, J., 2015. A realistic approach to assessing mental health laws' compliance with the
UNCRPD. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 40, pp.70-79.
Clark, L. A. and et.al., 2017. Three approaches to understanding and classifying mental disorder:
ICD-11, DSM-5, and the National Institute of Mental Health’s Research Domain Criteria
(RDoC). Psychological Science in the Public Interest. 18(2). pp.72-145.
Hodkinson, A., 2015. Key issues in special educational needs and inclusion. Sage.
Van Ness, D. W., 2016. An overview of restorative justice around the world.
Shepherd, S. M. and Ilalio, T., 2016. Maori and Pacific Islander overrepresentation in the
Australian criminal justice system—what are the determinants?. Journal of Offender
Rehabilitation. 55(2). pp.113-128.
Brittain, E. and Tuffin, K., 2017. Ko tēhea te ara tika? A discourse analysis of Māori experience
in the criminal justice system. New Zealand Journal of Psychology (Online), 46(2), p.99.
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Grant, E. M., 2016. Designing carceral environments for Indigenous prisoners: a comparison of
approaches in Australia, Canada, Aotearoa New Zealand, the US and Greenland (Kalaallit
Nunaat).
Andrae, D., McIntosh, T. and Coster, S., 2017. Marginalised: An insider’s view of the state, state
policies in New Zealand and gang formation. Critical Criminology. 25(1). pp.119-135.
Skipworth, J., 2019. The Australian and New Zealand prison crisis: Cultural and clinical
issues. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. 53(5). pp.472-473.
Gibbs, A. and Sherwood, K., 2017. Putting fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) on the map
in New Zealand: A review of health, social, political, justice and cultural
developments. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law. 24(6). pp.825-842.
Online
Strengths-based approaches for working with individuals. 2012. [Online]. Available
through :<https://www.iriss.org.uk/resources/insights/strengths-based-approaches-
working-individuals>.
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