Mobile App for Unintended Pregnancy Prevention

This assignment focuses on designing a mobile application aimed at preventing unintended pregnancies. Students will conduct a systematic review of existing apps, analyze their content, and identify target user groups. The design process should consider factors like health literacy, cultural sensitivity, and ethical implications. Students are also required to critically reflect on the learning process and evidence-based practices in developing such an app.

TE TARI MATAURANGA HAUORA
DEPARTMENT OF NURSING & HEALTH STUDIES
ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET
Student ID:
Course Name: Nursing with a Community Focus
Course No: 7 2 2 • 6 2 3 Lecturer:
Assignment No.: Journal Article
(Part B) Due Date: 30 Oct 2017 (9am)
Date Submitted: Date Received:
Suggested Word
Limit: 1750 (+/- 10%) Actual Word Count*:
*excluding tables and references
Extension Granted by: New Due Date & Time:
DECLARATION:
I am aware of the relevant Academic Regulations. By submitting this assignment, I
declare that:
 it is all my own work, and is not in any way plagiarised from another source. (Ask
your lecturer if you are not sure what plagiarism is).
 it complies with APA (American Psychological Association) referencing standards.
 it is within the set word limit.
 it is due at the set time indicated above, and unless a previously arranged extension
has been granted (and noted above), a 2.5% penalty per day late will apply.
Please refer to the Student Information Handbook for assignment guidelines.
Deviations from this template may incur penalties in marks awarded.
You are advised to keep an extra copy of this assignment in case the original is lost or
damaged. Furthermore, only original, already-marked assignments will be accepted if
you wish to dispute your allocated grade in the future.
STUDENT CHECKLIST  Have you attached the; 
Student number on every page Cover sheet
Assignment template used (which has
required; font size, line spacing, margins
& page numbering etc)
Original graded ‘Part A’ of the Journal
Article & marking sheets/comments
securely to the back of this document
(Part B)
References & citations in APA format Health Education Resource (Drafts &
Final)
Staple here

Part B of Journal Article [Sem 2, 2017] Type ID here
Turnitin Submission Date/Time: Feedback Validation Form
[MOBILE APPLICATION FOR TRACKING DEPO-PROVERA
INJECTIONS]
STAGE 2b: AUDIENCE
The part A of the assignment discuses about the issues of unwanted pregnancy
that several women face is their life time, be it at schools, colleges, workplaces
and more. There are several reasons behind this is the lack of health literacy.
Lack of knowledge regarding the proper conception methods has substantially
increased the worldwide abortion rates (Moosazadeh et al., 2014). Complications
may come if a woman is unable to keep track of his birth control medications, as
application of the birth control medications has to be consistent and timely. This
article focuses on the use of Depo- Provera as a contraceptive. Depo -Provera is a
Projesterone injection that has to be taken as contraceptive and what is essential
is to keep a track of it every month. The injection would be of no use if not taken
timely. The primary audience of this study is 15- 44 years old woman who were
taking Depo-Provera injections (Moosazadeh et al., 2014). According to the
study, the most effective method for keeping a track of the Depo-Provera
application is the development of a mobile app that will provide remainders to
the clients to take their further Depo-Provera shots (Ministry of Health. 2012).
According to the doctors and nurses, in this world of technology it would be
Page 1 of 15
PART B
Please Note: Assignments may be copied for moderation purposes

Part B of Journal Article [Sem 2, 2017] Type ID here
convenient if a mobile app keeps reminding things other than the person to
remember on her own. Remainder from the beginning would help the women to
book prior appointments with their doctors for the next shot. Apart from the
mobile application that would help the girls to keep a track of their Depo-Provera
shots, there should also be general awareness regarding the contraception
(Frost, Lindberg & Finer, 2012). Women should take initiative in arranging
appointments with their doctors and should gain knowledge regarding the
different methods of contraception. It has already been mentioned that the
Asian women often get pregnant due to lack of proper knowledge; therefore
emphasis should be given on imparting education to the mass (Auckland’s
women health council, 2008). Women coming from low socio economic
background or culturally backward classes should be imparted with knowledge
regarding the methods and the importance of using contraceptives. It should be
noted that abortion is detrimental for the health of would be mother and can
also raise an ethical issue in terms of foeticide. It is the knowledge gaps that
should be closed by proper health literacy (Ministry of health, 2015a).
STAGE 4: HEALTH EDUCATION RESOURCE SCOPE
It had already been discussed about the health education resources that can
prevent unwanted pregnancies and subsequent abortions.
S- The purpose for planning the education resource is to impart education to
women regarding the usefulness of Depo-Provera as a contraceptive injection.
The App would contain all informations regarding Depo-Provera and it would
Page 2 of 15

Part B of Journal Article [Sem 2, 2017] Type ID here
also provide with remainders to the clients such that they can take their Depo-
Provera shots.
M- These goals will be useful as it will mitigate the risks of unwanted pregnancy
and abortions.
A-The mobile application will be applied with trouble shooting tips regarding the
Depo-Provera treatment.
R- The scope of this action plan is reliable and achievable and should be
absolutely effective for the female audiences of 15-44 years of age.
T- The chosen health education resources will have long term as well as short
term goals. Recent evidences have reaffirmed the safety of the long acting
reversible form of the contraception for the women and the adolescents.
STAGE 5: DRAFT AND TEST
The health education resources should be attractive and acceptable to all the
classes of people such that it can ultimately aim for the greater good (Black et al.,
2012). The health education resource that has been chosen in this study is a
mobile application that is capable of keeping a track of the Depo-Provera
injection every month and it also imparts knowledge regarding the usage of
Depo-Provera and the other methods of contraception (Sridhar et al., 2015). In
order to validate the efficiency of the mobile application, a test has been done
using 15-44 girls of age as the primary audiences (Ministry of health, 2015a).
Page 3 of 15

Part B of Journal Article [Sem 2, 2017] Type ID here
Parents of young girls, registered nurses, health care professionals and nurse
were considered as the second audiences to conduct the survey. After a set of
survey and interviews the feedback had been summarized. As per the clients it
was an extremely useful app for those who generally forgets the dates of their
injection. According to the RNs and the doctors, the Depo calendar should be
able to incorporate the current guidelines from the manufacturers of the drug. It
should give notifications regarding the doses and the timings (Black et al., 2012).
As per the requirement of the clients, the nurse and the health professionals
have suggested that there should be three remainders instead of one, such that
the client doesn’t miss the dates in any way. The RNs have also suggested that
the ministry should use colored calendars instead of black and white calendars,
to make the application appealing for the users. It would also help them to
distinguish the dates more appropriately (Sridhar et al., 2015). The young
generations are less careful while dealing with physical relationships and hence
are prone to more mistakes which can bring distress in their life. As per the
feedback obtained from the parents of young parents the application would be
of immense use as they always have to remain worried about their young
children and according to them the application will be helpful (Sridhar et al.,
2015). One importance of this application is that it will also keep a track of the
ovulation calendar and will also indicate the timings of ovulation, which can help
out the women to plan out their chance of conception.
Page 4 of 15

Part B of Journal Article [Sem 2, 2017] Type ID here
REFLECTION
The reflection has been provided by using the Gibb’s model of reflection.
Description- It had already been mentioned regarding the importance of
different contraceptive techniques as it helps in family planning, prevents
unwanted pregnancies and thus abortion. This study is about the development of
a mobile application to track the dates of the Depo-Provera injections.
Feelings- As far as my opinion is concerned unwanted pregnancy is a major issue
for the teenage girls. A girl might get pregnant if she misses the date of this
injection. A small mistake on her part can change her life and make her life
miserable. There it was necessary to develop such an application that would be
easily accessible to all the sections of the society and would be user friendly.
Evaluation-The effectiveness of this application has been tested and feedback
had been obtained from various audiences who have supported the rationale for
the development of this application.
Analysis- Various studies and reports suggest the use of Depo-Provera injection
as the method of contraception. One of the major problems regarding the
administration of the Depo-Provera injection is the time frame. Therefore it is
necessary to keep a track of the Depo shots. In order to do that my report
Page 5 of 15

Part B of Journal Article [Sem 2, 2017] Type ID here
emphasizes on the development of a mobile Depo-Provera application that
would help to keep a record of the dates and would give remainders to the
clients about their upcoming dates for the DP-Jab
CONCLUSION
Motherhood is a special feeling for every woman, but ill health and
unwanted pregnancies can bring about distress in the life of several women. The
report focuses on the statistics which depicts a large percentage of women to be
susceptible to unwanted pregnancy, for which they have to commit abortion. In
order to mitigate this percentage this report focuses on the use of the Depo-
Provera injection as a method of contraception and it also focuses on the
development of a mobile application that would help the DP- Jab using women
to keep a track of the their DP shots, as many gets pregnant due to their
forgetfulness regarding the dates. Tests and interviews have been conducted to
get the feedback from the users, doctors and experts and they have approved
the authenticity and the usefulness of this mobile application. The report further
focuses on the rationale to develop this kind of an application. Thus, it can be
concluded that the mobile application would be supportive for the teenage girls
to memorize their injection dates and would provide them with more
information regarding the safe use of contraceptive progesterone injections.
Recommendations:
In this world of electronics and gazettes, mobile phones have become as
an integral part of our life. Half of the work can be accomplished with the help of
Page 6 of 15

Part B of Journal Article [Sem 2, 2017] Type ID here
android phones, starting from education to entertainment. Therefore the
development of a mobile application to track the DP- shots will always be
appropriate (Mangone et al., 2016). It is recommended that the mobile
application has to be user friendly such that it can be accessed by different group
of women (Black et al., 2012). The information provided in the application should
be understandable to all, it is only then that the application can serve its purpose
and gain popularity. The application should be available in several languages
such that it is also accessible to the women having a culturally diversified
background.
Page 7 of 15

Part B of Journal Article [Sem 2, 2017] Type ID here
References
Auckland’s women health council (2008) Avoice for women’s Health – Abortion.
Retrieved from
http://www.womenshealthcouncil.org.nz/Features/Womens+Health+Issu
es/Abortion.html
Black, K. I., Stephens, C., Haber, P. S., & Lintzeris, N. (2012). Unplanned
pregnancy and contraceptive use in women attending drug treatment
services. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and
Gynaecology, 52(2), 146-150. DOI: 10.1111/j.1479-828X.2012.01413.x
Fergusson, D. M., Horwood, L. J., & Boden, J. M. (2013). Does abortion reduce
the mental health risks of unwanted or unintended pregnancy? A re-
appraisal of the evidence. Australian & New Zealand journal of
psychiatry, 47(9), 819-827.Retrieved from:
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0004867413484597
Frost, J. J., Lindberg, L. D., & Finer, L. B. (2012). Young adults' contraceptive
knowledge, norms and attitudes: associations with risk of unintended
pregnancy. Perspectives on sexual and reproductive health, 44(2), 107-
116. DOI: 10.1363/4410712
Mangone, E. R., Lebrun, V., & Muessig, K. E. (2016). Mobile phone apps for the
prevention of unintended pregnancy: a systematic review and content
analysis. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 4(1). doi: 10.2196/mhealth.4846
Page 8 of 15

Part B of Journal Article [Sem 2, 2017] Type ID here
Ministry of health, (2015a) Health literacy. Retrieved from
http://www.health.govt.nz/our-work/making-services-better-users/healt
h-literacy
Ministry of Health. 2012. Rauemi Atawhai: A guide to developing health
education resources in New Zealand. Wellington: Ministry of Health.
Moosazadeh, M., Nekoei moghadam, M., Emrani, Z., & Amiresmaili, M. (2014).‐
Prevalence of unwanted pregnancy in Newzealand: a systematic review
and meta analysis.‐ The International journal of health planning and
management, 29(3). DOI: 10.1002/hpm.2184
Ngum Chi Watts, M. C., McMichael, C., & Liamputtong, P. (2015). Factors
influencing contraception awareness and use: the experiences of young
African Australian mothers. Journal of Refugee Studies, 28(3), 368-387.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/feu040
Paterson, C., & Chapman, J. (2013). Enhancing skills of critical reflection to
evidence learning in professional practice. Physical Therapy in
Sport, 14(3), 133-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2013.03.004
Plan International Organisation (n.d.) Teenage Pregnancy – A Global Problem.
Retrieved From https://plan-international.org/sexual-health/teenage-
pregnancy?
gclid=EAIaIQobChMIxdb39vDn1QIVwVe9Ch3XEQWfEAAYASAAEgKZzPD_B
wE
Page 9 of 15

Part B of Journal Article [Sem 2, 2017] Type ID here
Sridhar, A., Chen, A., Forbes, E. R., & Glik, D. (2015). Mobile application for
information on reversible contraception: a randomized controlled
trial. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 212(6), 774-e1.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2015.01.011
Page 10 of 15

Part B of Journal Article [Sem 2, 2017] Type ID here
REFERENCES (as cited in Part B only)
Refer to APA 6th edition guidelines.
Page 11 of 15

Part B of Journal Article [Sem 2, 2017] Type ID here
APPENDIX 1 – [Title of Appendice]
Page 12 of 15

Part B of Journal Article [Sem 2, 2017] Type ID here
APPENDIX 2 - [Title of Appendice]
Page 13 of 15

Part B of Journal Article [Sem 2, 2017] Type ID here
APPENDIX 3 - [Title of Appendice]
Page 14 of 15