DEPRESSION IN ADOLESCENTS 2
Depression in Adolescents
Adolescence is a critical stage in the development of skills, the ability to regulate
emotions and relationships, and the acquisition of qualities and talents necessary for maturity.
Adolescent depression is a prevalent mental health problem, with a frequency of approximately
5% in the middle to late adolescence (Read, & Williams, 2018). It is a significant risk factor for
suicide and can also negatively affect social and educational functioning. As a result, it is critical
to recognize and treat this disease. However, not all depressions are equal. There are four distinct
forms of depression that are frequently encountered among teens. Recognizing the signs and
symptoms of adolescent depression might be critical to obtaining teen therapy.
The adjustment disorder with depressed mood is the primary type of depression among
adolescents. According to (Boaden et al., 2020), adjustment disorders are a collection of
symptoms that can emerge when an individual struggle to cope with a stressful life event.
Transitioning to a new school, losing a loved one, or coping with a parent's divorce are all
examples of changes that might trigger an adjustment disorder in adolescents. Dysthymia is the
second type of depression (Persistent Depressive Disorder). Adolescents with dysthymia are
frequently irritable and may have low energy, low self-esteem, and thoughts of hopelessness.
Dysthymia frequently impairs focus and decision-making. Bipolar disorder is another type of
depression that affects adolescents. According to (Oud et al., 2019), Bipolar disorder is
characterized by depressive episodes followed by manic or hypomanic phases. The adolescent
with bipolar disorder expresses a decreased need for sleep, difficulties concentrating, and a short
temper. Lastly, major depression is the prime type of depression among teenagers. It is
characterized by chronic sorrow and irritation, suicidal thoughts, a lack of interest in pleasurable
activities, and frequent bodily aches and pains complaints. Major depression can have a

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