Design and implementation of iot based health monitoring system PDF

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF IOT BASED HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM
FOR EMERGECY MEDICAL SERVICES
G.Aravinthan*, M.Mullai Vendhan*, R.Rajasimmhan*, N.Hari Prasath*, T.Sengolrajan**
* UG scholar, Department of EIE, Arunai Engineering College, Tiruvannamalai-606 603
**Assistant professor, Department of EIE, Arunai Engineering College,Tiruvannnamalai-606 603
ABSTRACT
Pervasive recognizing of the modern day
technologies in specific the growth in wireless
communication has made our life very easy. Thus
these technologies helps us to understand the
surroundings more better in urban areas. IOT is
one such offspring of the modern technologies
where the sensors and the actuators are infused in
the surroundings to broadcast the information
across many platforms irrespective of the distance.
In this paper we are going to discuss about the
design of a health monitoring system which is used
in emergency medical services. With this proposed
model we are going to make use of IoT for the
collection , analysis and integration of the patients
health records without going in person which
reduces the effort of patient as well reducing the
healthcare cost. The major outcome of our
proposal is to increase the efficiency of
telemedicine through IoT.
Keywords: Raspberry pi, Sensors, IoT, medical
service.
INTRODUCTION
Development in the Wireless
communication and the invention of the
Telemedicine had given a new way for the
comfortable and high quality health care services.
Thus in the emergency situation with the help of
these techniques and methodology quick access of
data and information are available which is
efficient for the patient with less time. This process
also reduces the costs of healthcare solutions in a
considerable way. Due to the increasing population
in the present day's world availability, accessibility
and inefficient sharing of information are the
biggest drawback in the medical field to treat in
emergency situation. With this consideration we
are designing a new methodology for the
implementation of the health monitoring system
based on internet of things (IoT).
In this smart society the improvisation in
the health care monitoring, infrastructure, and
diagnosing is a big problem to be solved.
Everything is done in a fair manner but not in a
smatter way so as to cope with the emergency
situation. There are several hindrance such as
elevated medical bills, shortage of staffs to handle
the increasing patient count, etc. Patient
monitoring, management and supervision are done
manually where comes a scene of risk when they
are trained insufficiently. Researchers are
struggling to enhance the smart systems to improve
the efficiency and quality of the healthcare systems
and telemedicine related systems. Automatic
recognition and sensing of biomedical devices and
patients, monitoring the patients records are all the
successful outcome of this technology.
In the past decade Internet of things has
emerged as the most successful technology in
gathering the remote data and processing the
gathered data and sharing them across several
platforms. Thus any object can be detected, sensed,
tracked, monitored and share its digital information
by connecting with an IP. There are also
possibilities for the continuous monitoring of data
through the proxy servers during the lack of
availability of the IP service.
Any objects can be connected with the
internet through the embedded sensors. Here comes
the concept of Internet of Things which senses the
digital information and share them with the remote
system through IP configuration with the WSN.
Hence the IoT appears to be the active research
area in the modern science. Thus a cloud memory
is created to handle these data. But still the clinical
data discrepancy act as a major stumbling block in
the data assimilation and interoperation.
The idea behind the smart health
monitoring is to gather information from the
sensors across multiple infrastructures, differentiate
the required information from the redundant data
and maintain the integrity of the data by providing
proper access. It is difficult to make use of teh
traditional method of data processing since a large
amount of samples are collected from several
sensors hence we are going for big data technology

to improvise the collection and processing of large
volume of data.
INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT)
Internet of things is defined as the
connection of smart devices referred to as nodes
embedded with the sensors, actuators, software and
connectivity mounted over the infrastructures to
collect, process and transmit the data. It is also
referred to as the Information society's
infrastructure by global standards. This
methodology controls the objects through the
remote system. Thus the physical world is unified
with the data library thereby increasing the
efficiency and certainty with the reduced cost
complexity and human arbitration. As we are using
the other technologies such as actuators and sensors
thereby we are bringing more domains such as
cyber science, smart grids, Intelligent
transportation and smart system in to the scene.
Thus IOT falls under the embedded technology. It
is said that around 50million objects will be
embedded through IOT. Thus it is expected to offer
advanced connectivity.
IOT IN SMART HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
Healthcare service is a wide and vital
technique which has different stages such as pre-
treatment process, in-treatment process and post-
treatment process. Thus its activity are not only
inside the clinic/hospitals but also other than it
including equipment supply, pharmacy services,
insurance document processing, other special care
units, doctors, etc. Thus irrespective of the location
and timing access to data is necessary in this
system. Hence IOT is extensively used in this field
to access data irrespective of time, location and
status of the equipments. For example the
equipments and the products with barcode are
connected with the Global positioning system
(GPS) and radio frequency identification (RFID) so
that they can be traced and monitored easily.IOT
also offers extended services such as sample and
medical report identification, maintenance of the
same, patient monitoring, tele-consultation, etc.
The working of IOT can be explained in different
layers as follows.
SENSOR LAYER
Sensor layer is the bottom layer which act
as a central processing unit of the entire model.
There are different types of sensors embedded in
this layer. Depending upon the application RTX
4100, BLD,TMP36, 2 lead EKG, RFID, pulse
oximetry sensors are embedded in this layer. RFIDs
are used to identify and read the tags through the
electromagnetic fields and stores the electronic
information ( digital data). Mostly the passive
RFID are used as they require no additional power
or battery supply. They take power from the
associated RFID reader and communicate with
them.
NETWORK LAYER
Wireless sensor networks are used to
collect the data from the sensor layer and transmit
to the destination through spectrums. The
communication between the network layer and the
sensor layer occurs the IEEE standards such as
IEEE 802.11/b/g/n, IEEE 802.15.4 , IEEE
802.15.6, ZigBee, etc. In this layer we are using
different data transfer protocols such as TCP/IP,
UDP, STMP etc. The data from the sensors and
RFID tags are sent to the gateway devices via
Ethernet/wireless network. The gateway device in
turn sends the data to the corresponding server for
the processing of data and to update the database.
INTERNET LAYER
The data storage and management of the
database occurs in this layer. To process the large
volume of data instead of traditional database and
storage we are making use of big data and cloud
storage technology. In cloud storage the data are
stored in logical pools. The main difference
between the physical storage and cloud storage is
that the former is owned and managed by the
hosting company whereas in the later it is done
with the demand of several algorithm and services
such as cloud SQL, Big Query, RESTful services
for iOS, Android, JavaScript and machine learning
algorithm.
The working of these layers are
diagrammatically explained below in three tier
architecture.