Design and Operation of Sustainable Systems

Design and Operation of Sustainable Systems 1
Design and Operation of Sustainable Systems
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Institutional Affiliation

Design and Operation of Sustainable Systems 2
1. Introduction
Heliostat field or sun based tower collector stands out amongst the most encouraging
concentrated sun oriented power innovations accessible in the market. Because of its high
working temperature, the heliostat field collector can be actualized in a wide scope of
utilization from sun-based power generation to industrial production (Telsnig, Weinrebe,
Finkbeiner, & Eltrop 2017). There are a few as of now working, under development, and
arranged heliostat fields far and wide. There are present state-of-the-art applications,
appraisal techniques, the future point of view, and strategies for development. A focal
collector control tower framework comprises of a field of heliostats that center the daylight
onto the recipient on the tower.
Heliostats regularly comprise of a variety of mirror features that track the sun forthe day.
To achieve an optimum consideration of the solar flux on the collector, the individual
heliostat aspects must be appropriately inclined and centered. A few unique strategies have
been utilized in the past for aspect inclining and centering. These demonstrated techniques
and some new arrangement ideas are under thought for advancement and arrangement of 218
heliostats at the Sandia National Laboratories National Solar Thermal Test Facility in
Albuquerque, NM (Guillot, Rodriguez, Boullet, & Sans 2018). The precision of this
innovation is basic to guaranteeing energy reflected by the heliostats is gathered through the
liquid salt in the recipient and not "spilled" and lost. A portion of the heliostat advancement
areas incorporates deft structure plan, high accuracy, and effective drive frameworks, ultra-
light and high reflectivity features, and different heliostats and collector field control, power
and correspondence frameworks. The heliostat collector field provides a gigantic opportunity
for onsite commodity production. Remote sensing speed up collector field development and
charging, which takes out exorbitant cabling and digging. Creative heliostat plan and
arrangement is a region where noteworthy cost decrease is being acknowledged for CSP

Design and Operation of Sustainable Systems 3
ventures. Two pivot monitoring (customary azimuth) improves solar energy collection. This
paper will explore the various aspects of the journal bearing design for the heliostat.
2. Bearing Diameter Selection
Generally, a journal bearing is a journal or shaft which rotates in a bearing. There are
no rolling elements as seen in other bearings (Hase, Mishina, & Wada 2016). There is a layer
of lubricant which separates the two parts in relative motion. Selection of a diameter of a
bearing depends on the prevailing conditions and the design features of the load. For this
case, we want to select a journal bearing diameter for a heliostat. The heliostat has a mass of
300kg.
Weight = 300 × 9.81 = 2943 N
Considering the fact that the rotation of the heliostat for purposes of altering the angle
of inclination is not very rapid, it can be reasonably be assumed to be operating at 25 revs per
minute. The design is based on the requirement that the size should be big enough to last for
25 years and small enough to reduce energy loss.

Design and Operation of Sustainable Systems 4
Based on the above parameters, the diameter of the bearing can be selected from the load-
speed chart shown below in Figure 1 and Figure 2.
Figure 1: Selection by load capacity of bearings with continuous rotation. Source: Lecture Notes
Figure 2: Selection of bearing diameter using load-speed chart: Source, Lecture Notes