Descriptive and Inferential Statistics Analysis for Desklib

Statistics
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Part 1
Descriptive Statistics
Q1) Provide the means for the following variables:
Age: 28.2349
HHSize: 3.09
Descriptive Statistics
N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation
Age 149 2.00 56.00 28.2349 10.68302
How many people are living
or staying at your address,
including yourself?
150 0 9 3.09 1.573
Valid N (listwise) 149
Q2) Next, in the menu bar, click on ANALYZE/DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS/FREQUENCIES
What percentage of the sample is:
Married: 45.6%
Has less education than a college degree?
32.0%
Worked for pay? 98.0%
Q3) For this assignment, you also need to generate a depression score for each participant.
There are 20 items from the CES-D scale (variables CES_0001 to CES_0020).
I felt I was just as good as other people.

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid
Rarely or none of the time
(less than 1 day )
12 8.0 8.1 8.1
Some or a little of the time
(1-2 days)
13 8.7 8.7 16.8
Occasionally or a moderate
amount of time (3-4 days)
40 26.7 26.8 43.6
Most or all of the time (5-7
days)
84 56.0 56.4 100.0
Total 149 99.3 100.0
Missing System 1 .7
Total 150 100.0
Reverse score of CES4 Categories
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid
Rarely or none of the time
(less than 1 day )
84 56.0 56.4 56.4
Some or a little of the time (1-
2 days)
40 26.7 26.8 83.2
Occasionally or a moderate
amount of time (3-4 days)
13 8.7 8.7 91.9
Most or all of the time (5-7
days)
12 8.0 8.1 100.0
Total 149 99.3 100.0
Missing System 1 .7
Total 150 100.0
Yes, the above results do match what I would expect to find.
Q4) Transform->Compute Variable
There are times when we will want to compute a new variable based on the data we have. Create
a new variable summing the 20 items from the CES-D scale.

The mean for Depression sum score is 13.57 while the mean for the Media use Score is 17.45
Descriptives
Statistic Std. Error
Depression sum score
Mean 13.5683 .89572
95% Confidence Interval for
Mean
Lower Bound 11.7972
Upper Bound 15.3395
5% Trimmed Mean 12.7966
Median 11.0000
Variance 111.522
Std. Deviation 10.56042
Minimum .00
Maximum 49.00
Range 49.00
Interquartile Range 13.00
Skewness 1.080 .206
Kurtosis .706 .408
Media Use Score
Mean 16.3014 .58018
95% Confidence Interval for
Mean
Lower Bound 15.1542
Upper Bound 17.4486
5% Trimmed Mean 16.0958
Median 16.0000
Variance 46.789
Std. Deviation 6.84027
Minimum 3.00
Maximum 37.00
Range 34.00
Interquartile Range 9.00
Skewness .458 .206
Kurtosis -.066 .408
Q5) Some of the data is missing for individual CES-D items. The important thing in dealing with
missing data is to figure out if the data is missing randomly or if there is some pattern (reason) to
why the data points are missing. Does there appear to be a pattern to the missing data?

How might one deal with the missing data? (Do not do this, simply report what you think based
on our discussion this week).
Answer
There is no pattern to the missing data but rather they appear to be missing at random. Missing
data might be dealt with by removing the missing cases or doing imputation for the missing
cases.
Q6) Examine the Descriptive Statistics output you generated for CESDTOT and Media Use for
outliers. Remember that univariate outliers are those with very large standardized scores (z
scores greater than 3.3) and that are disconnected from the distribution. SPSS DESCRIPTIVES
will give you the z scores for every case if you select save standardized values as variables and
SPSS FREQUENCIES will give you histograms (use SPLIT FILE/ Compare Groups under
DATA for grouped data).
Did you find any univariate outliers? Briefly write up your conclusion about univariate outliers,
using data to back up your report.
Answer
Extreme Values
Case Number Value
Depression sum score
Highest
1 105 49.00
2 87 45.00
3 64 41.00
4 134 40.00
5 31 37.00a
Lowest 1 140 .00
2 129 .00
3 111 .00

4 66 .00
5 19 .00
Media Use Score
Highest
1 87 37.00
2 105 35.00
3 64 34.00
4 115 29.00
5 137 29.00
Lowest
1 102 3.00
2 70 3.00
3 100 5.00
4 35 5.00
5 111 6.00b
a. Only a partial list of cases with the value 37.00 are shown in the table of upper extremes.
b. Only a partial list of cases with the value 6.00 are shown in the table of lower extremes.
Yes there were cases of univariate outliers since we observed z score values greater than 3.