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Determinants of health in Melbourne

   

Added on  2021-06-17

12 Pages3419 Words380 Views
Running Head: DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH1Determinants of healthStudent’s NameInstitutional Affiliation

DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH2IntroductionHabitation is a vital aspect in regards health and wellbeing of a person or the community. It plays an essential role in promoting harmony and defining the city of Melbourne. Many apartments’ towers in the city of Melbourne that are built are of low standards and not environmental friendly as even architectural experts have given a warning. They have indicated that high rise apartments are not fit to live in.The recent structure practices in Melbourne relates to poor environmental performance and minimized livelihood.(Baskaran,2016).Issue IdentificationIndividuals living in their own houses have high life expectancy than those who live in rental homes. Research shows that those who live in overcrowded areas are likely to suffer from infectious illness such as tuberculosis and poor mental health through noise pollution and lack of privacy. People living in this place are likely to have low socio-economic status and low employment rate. Overcrowding and poor housing in the inner apartments are related with poor self-described physical and mental health in adults. It should be noted that overcrowding is caused by lack of enough money to build decent houses for the people in the city of Melbourne. Poor housing has adverse effects on the individuals’ health and their mental state as shown in World Health Organization: Commission on Social B) Determinants of Health - final report p1-23.Overcrowding increases mortality rate especially in children because in such places, proper sanitation and hygiene is not well practiced. They are likely to eat food that is not well prepared because the parents lack resources to do so. They are not encouraged to wash their hands after visiting the washroom and more so the washrooms are not clean either. Therefore they are exposed to diseases such as typhoid and cholera (Bentley, Baker, & Mason, 2012). As an environmental officer, I have noticed that people living in poor house condition and overcrowded areas do no pay attention to their health. They don’t have necessary means of upgrading their lives in the city of Melbourne. Many individuals in Australia will support me we have a good life if we are able to take care of our environment; we are likely to live a quality life.People living in these areas do not learn to reduce the risks involved in their health at an early stage. They are encouraged to take their health seriously as it will affect future generations.

DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH3Noise pollution is also known as a health hazard which is cruel to both well and the sick. It is caused by the people in crowded areas who strive to make a living such as loud music in clubs which are near the apartments. It always occurs in places where there is excessive noise that causes natural imbalance. It is also caused by metropolitan poor planning whereby the houses are overcrowded and large families fighting for a small space in the area. This may cause disruption of the environment in the society. Noise pollution may also be caused by actions of construction such as mining, roads and buildings, the equipment used in this setting sometimes give unnecessary noise. It may also be caused by industrialization process through their machines that produce excess noise.Hazard and exposure assessmentA good habitat must be free from the health hazards that affect people’s health. The environment plays a major role in promoting a healthy lifestyle. Improper hygiene may lead to different ailments such as cholera and other diseases. Poor sanitation is having an impact in the city of Melbourne. The population is exposed to typhoid due to lack of safe water for drinking and cooking. Therefore they end up eating contaminated meals which affects their health (Carpenter, 2016). Overcrowding can also cause poor ventilation that increases internal moisturein the house. This will cause the overcrowded apartments to be damp and therefore invite cockroaches, mites and respiratory virus which in turn play an essential role respiratory disease pathogenesis. Damp homes relates to asthma and other risks of chronic illness. People living in the overcrowded areas find it hard to clean their houses thus exposed to dangerous chemicals which can result in neurologic and allergic ailments.Those who have low socio-economic status especially the children and the elderly are affected by overcrowding since their movements are limited. The limited movements hinder theirenhancement of mental capacity and brain development. Those living in the high end apartments may increase their chances of suffering from obesity and being overweight. Due to this, they are exposed to traffic pollution that exposes them to asthma and it can also cause children accidents (Frimpong, 2014)

DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH4Noise pollution has adverse effects on health particularly the children and the elderly in Melbourne. It affects the individual’s body and exposes it to activation of the hormone release and can increase our blood pressure when sleeping. It has led to high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease and other related issues. It affects the individual’s wellbeing as it may lead to anxiety and stress. It has also caused hearing impairments. Any noise that is unnecessary can damage our body in many different ways. Continuous exposure to very loud noise can cause damage in our hearing and can make them lose their hearing and sensitivity that can adjust the rhythm of our body. Psychological health is affected by excessive noise pollution especially in working places. Research has shown the incidence of forceful habits fatigue and hypertension. This can lead to severity of chronic illness in future. (Lauster, 2010 )Sleeping disorder has also been caused by excessive noise. It can change the sleeping habits which may cause uncomfortable circumstances and irritation. A good sleep is needed at night to prevent fatigue and may cause work performance to slow down. On cardiovascular problems, blood levels and heart issues have risen due to noise pollution. Research has shown that that noise pollution causes disruption of normal blood flow. (Wolitski, 2010).It can also cause difficulty in communication as it may lead to misinterpretation, persistent sharp noise can give an individual a severe headache and cause emotional imbalance. It prevents people from communicating openly.Risk characterizationMelbourne was once a city that was loved by many people. The wellbeing of a person depends on a healthy lifestyle free from the health hazards. An individual’s health is a vital aspect in the development of the city. Environmental pollution has adverse effects towards the progress of the city. The impacts caused by the health hazards can cause a large number of the population to develop depression. This can lead to high unemployment rates in the city since they are unable to work or create employment opportunities (Generalova & Generalov,2014)The populations affected by the impacts have low productivity hence their mental state due to noise pollution is undermined because most of them do not go for treatment. The severity of the health impacts relies on the person’s treatment opportunities available in the city.

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