Developing Managerial Skills: A Comprehensive Guide

This report delves into the multifaceted aspects of developing managerial skills, encompassing various management styles, leadership characteristics, communication processes, and organizational culture. It analyzes real-world examples from the tourism industry, including Thomas Cook and TUI Group, to illustrate key concepts. The report also includes a personal SWOT analysis and a career development plan, demonstrating the practical application of these principles. This comprehensive guide provides valuable insights for aspiring and current managers seeking to enhance their skills and effectiveness.

Unit 3 –The Developing Manager
1

Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Task 1...............................................................................................................................................4
1.1 Compare different management styles..................................................................................4
1.2 Discuss leadership characteristics..........................................................................................6
1.3 Evaluate communication processes in selected businesses...................................................8
1.4 Analyse organisational culture and change in selected businesses.....................................10
Task 2.............................................................................................................................................11
2.1 Assess own management skills performance......................................................................11
2.2 Analyse personal strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats....................................12
2.3 Set and prioritise objectives and targets to develop own potential......................................14
Task 3.............................................................................................................................................15
3.1 Lead and motivate a team to achieve an agreed goal or objective......................................15
3.2 Justify managerial decisions made to support achievement of agreed goal or objective and
recommendations for improvements.........................................................................................17
Task 4.............................................................................................................................................19
4.1 Explain how own managerial and personal skills will support career development...........19
4.2 Review career and personal development needs, current performance and future need to
produce a development plan......................................................................................................21
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................24
References......................................................................................................................................25
2

Introduction
The report has been prepared with an aim to educate and provide insights into the aspects of
developing a managerial personality in an individual. It requires various sets of skills and
attributes in order to develop as a successful and effective manager in the dynamic and
contemporary business environment. Developing a manager is a continuous process which
requires the utilisation and application of various theories and techniques. A manager is a central
person in an organisation that plays a pivotal role in leading, directing, motivating, organising
and monitoring the clubbed activities and efforts of the employees in an organisation.
The assignment is aimed to provide with a clear and evidence based understanding of various
managerial attributes and traits required by an individual. The assignment will draft various
reports based on actual organisations and association in the sectors of hospitality and tourism.
The reports will focus towards managerial aspects and theories along with the managerial styles.
It has also been aimed to execute the SWOT analysis for an individual to identify the strengths
and weaknesses. It will also develop a career development plan to identify the goals and time
period required to achieve the goals.
3

Task 1
Introduction
The report will provide with insights into the various management styles and leadership
characteristics practised in various organisations of the tourism industry. The organisation
undertaken to study the management principles and styles are Thomas Cook and the TUI Group
functioning as one of the biggest tour operators in the United Kingdom.
1.1 Compare different management styles.
There are several management styles that can be practised in the tour operator industry by the
organisation. The comparison between these two organisations is structured as below:
Management style at Thomas Cook
The observations and analysis in the managerial systems of Thomas Cook have depicted a
mixture of various managerial styles and approaches. The various managerial styles adopted at
the Thomas Cook includes for Consultative and Participative managerial styles. In the
consultative style of management, the managers are concerned with consulting the employees in
the areas regarding their functions and activities (Olmedo-Cifuentes and Martinez-LeÓn, 2014).
The managers apply a consultative approach with the employees in order to form the decisions
and policies of the working in the organisation. The managers at Thomas Cook are responsible
for making the decisions at the organisation by consulting and undertaking the viewpoints of the
employees. This approach provides with opportunities to develop an effective employee and
employer relationship.
Another management approach identified at the Thomas Cook is Participative management style.
The Participative style of management allows with the increased scope to involve the employees
in the decision making processes and programs of the organisation. The employees are involved
in the decision making processes which are concerned with their operational and day to day
activities (Szelagowska-Rudzka, 2015). This style of management provides with a team work
approach and is often applied in the flat structured organisation. The Participative approach
allows for greater opportunities for employee engagement.
4

Management style at TUI Group
At the TUI Group, it has been observed a more relaxed and free style of management has been
adopted. The management style accounts for a Laissez-Faire managerial style where the
managers take a back seat and the employees are encouraged to form the policies and procedures
related to various functional and operational processes of the organisation. This style of
management also fosters for development of motivation and encouragement of the employees to
be involved in the decision making processes of the organisation (Bolman and Deal, 2017). The
Laissez-Faire managerial style is practised in the operational areas of day to day functioning. The
style is not incorporated in the strategic decision making process that is related to the higher level
of management. This style of management allows for development and training of the employees
working at TUI Group.
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1.2 Discuss leadership characteristics.
The organisations undertaken in this report depict differential leadership traits and
characteristics. The leadership traits and characteristics are developed according to the culture
and environment of the organisation. Concurrently there are some specific leadership traits and
characteristics displayed by the leaders of these organisations. These are discussed as below:
Innovation: It is necessary for the tour operations industry to depict the traits of innovation and
an innovative thinking in the business processes and operations. The leader is required to
inculcate the attributes to think with an innovative thinking in order to lead with an effective and
democratic approach. Innovation allows developing new and better services for the consumers.
The leaders at Thomas Cook and the TUI Group depict the traits of innovation in the leadership
styles and approaches adopted by them.
Visionary: It is also necessary for the leaders to depict the characteristics of being visionary. A
Visionary approach towards management and leading the employees at large scale organisations
enables to achieve the goals and aims of the organisation an effective manner (Avolio and
Yammarino, 2013). It is provided with a visionary leadership an empirical understanding of the
goals and execution of the required activities and operations to achieve these goals. The leaders
at these organisations have depicted a visionary approach towards leading and managing the
employees.
Communication: The leaders at Thomas Cook and the TUI Group have depicted the attributes
of effective communication and interaction with the subordinates in the organisations.
Communication is considered as an important attribute for a leader to lead in an effective
manner. It is essential for the leader to entail effective and empowering communication skills in
order to lead the employees (Nichols, et. al., 2015). Communication skills motivate the
employees to achieve the desired goals and objectives in an effective manner. Communication
skills provide with the required zeal and enthusiasm for the employees to work with greater
dedication.
Problem Solving: Leaders are required to demonstrate problem solving viewpoints and
attributes in their leadership styles. The leaders at both the identified organisations have
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demonstrated a problem solving approach. It is required in turbulent times for a leader to manage
in greater capacity and develop reformative solutions for various problems encountered by the
employees and the organisation. It is required by a leader to inculcate problem solving
techniques and attributes to manage in an effective manner. Problem solving enables to create an
atmosphere for brain storming and group discussion activities which are essential for a leader to
lead in an effective manner.
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1.3 Evaluate communication processes in selected businesses.
The communication process is a chain of several actions ad stages that is to be followed in order
to depict an effective and informative communication between two or more parties.
Communication may be understood as an interaction or exchange of information between two or
more individuals. The communication processes are different in various organisations as per the
hierarchical orders and layers of management. The basic communication process undertaken by
the two organisations is depicted as below:
Development of the idea- The first step is to develop the message or information which is to be
transferred from one party to another. The development of the idea is undertaken by developing a
message with the application of appropriate words and language which is understandable to the
listener.
Encoding- It is the stage in which the sender encodes the message. This stage is involved with
deploying various communication tools and techniques in order to develop an informative and
effective message (Carlström and Ekman, 2012). It is processed by the application of
transmissible information and content.
Developing the message- The third stage in a communication process is to develop a message. It
is processed by developing a message and the information that is to be transferred. The message
is developed through written, oral, verbal and facial or through expressions etc.
Selection of the medium- The stage is identified by selecting an appropriate medium in order to
transfer the information and the message from the sender to the receiver. The medium selected in
this stage must be in accordance with the needs and requirements of the audience. The selection
of medium also depends on the nature of information to be transmitted.
Transmission- This is the stage in which the information is actually transferred from the sender
to the receiver (Alexander, 2013). The stage includes transmission of information through the
selected medium and by the application of encoding.
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Receiving the message- This is the stage where the receiver receives the message sent by the
sender. The duration involved in receiving the message may vary upon the medium of
transmission. For example, oral communication is the fastest medium of communication.
Decoding- At this stage, the receiver decodes the information or the message. It refers to the
interpretation of the information and details by the receiver in order to develop an understanding
of the message.
Feedback- The last stage is the most important stage in the communication process. It requires
for the sender providing with a feedback to the sender about the message and its understanding
developed. Without feedback, the communication process is considered as incomplete.
(Figure: Communication Process)
(Source: Alexander, 2013)
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1.4 Analyse organisational culture and change in selected businesses.
The culture of an organisation refers to the policies, procedures, approaches, techniques and
programs applied by the management to organise and operate the organisation and its various
activities in an effective manner. Organisational culture refers to ethics, values, practices and
several policies developed by the structure of the organisation. There are several types of
organisational cultures such as normative, pragmatic, academy, club, and fortress etc. The
organisational culture and changes in both the organisations are discussed as below:
Organisational culture at Thomas Cook
The organisational culture at Thomas Cook is a Clan Organisational Culture. This type of
organisational culture provides with opportunities to increase the employee engagement and
interaction with the leaders and the subordinates (Tempest, 2012). The organisation culture
develops a friendly atmosphere and limited restrictions or boundaries are embedded into the
management and operations of the business.
Organisational culture at TUI Group
The organisational culture at TUI Group is developed according to the Adhocracy culture which
fosters a dynamic and creative working environment in the organisation. The leaders in this type
of organisational culture are observed as innovators and risk takers (Feng, et. al., 2014). The
leaders in this culture build a relationship with the employees through innovation and
experiments. The long term goal in this culture is to prosper and develop as a team.
Conclusion
From the above report, it can be concluded that leaders play an integral role in the management
and operations of the organisation. It is necessary for the leaders in large scaled organisations to
focus upon the concepts of employee engagement and involvement in the business processes and
decision making systems.
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Task 2
Introduction
The report has been developed in order to provide with reflection upon the own managerial skills
and the performance as in the position of a manager. It will reflect upon the abilities and
restrictions provided by me when working in the capacity of an assistant manager at the Clayton
Crown Hotel London.
2.1 Assess own management skills performance.
In order to assess the performance of the own management skills, it is required to evaluate the
personal performance as manager. The ability to provide with a feedback empowers to depict an
understanding of the personal performance. As a manager, it is crucial to establish a balance
between positive and negative feedbacks. It is necessary to provide with a positive and
appreciative feedback towards the employees in case of good performance and performance
enrichment activities. Similarly, it is also required to provide with a negative but a constructive
feedback in order to keep the employees on track and monitor the performance empirically
(Dima and Vlăduţescu, 2012). Further to assess the self-performance it is also pivotal to identify
the areas of development in the employees. As a manager, it is necessary to monitor and evaluate
the performance of the employees. The manager is then required to provide with effective and
reformative training to the employees in order to enhance and develop the performance. The
training and developmental activities are undertaken in order to achieve the desired goals and
objectives of the organisation.
The manager also requires the ability to lead and motivate the employees. The managerial skill to
lead enables to monitor and organise the group efforts. It is essential for the leader to possess the
attribute of effective communication. The management skills of time management are also
required in order to adhere to the specified programs and scheduled developed for timely
accomplishment of the business goals and objectives (Phela and Sharpley, 2012). Organisational
awareness and problem solving are other management skills required by an individual in order to
lead in a successive manner.
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2.2 Analyse personal strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats.
Strengths
 Inventive
 Communication skills
 Dedication
 Self-Reliant
Weaknesses
 Compulsive
 Non-performance under pressure
 Fear of Depicting personal point of
view
 Stressing
Opportunities
 The poor performance of the
competitors
 Marketing Conference
 Career development
Threats
 Competition
 Negative impact on creativity
 Employee retrenchment
From the above SWOT Analysis, it can be interpreted that I have certain good qualities in order
to perform effectively as an assistant manager. The SWOT analysis has depicted my inventive
approach and out of box thinking as a strength in order to manage an organisation in the
hospitality industry. My effective communication skill represents for greater power to
communicate and interact with employees and subordinates. It is required in the hospitality
industry to manage and organise the employees as the operations are large scaled and require
personal attention of the manager.
On the other hand, my weakness of a compulsive attitude provides me disadvantage to undertake
hasty decisions which impact on my performance evidently. It has also depicted that non-
performance under pressure leads to ineffective management and administration of the
operations and duties (Ko, 2012). I have been provided with opportunities to overcome the
competition with my innovative and magnificent thinking. It will enable me to eradicate the issue
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of competition and stressing under the high pressure and dynamic nature of the working
environment.
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2.3 Set and prioritise objectives and targets to develop own potential.
SMART objectives can be established in order to prioritise objectives for developing my
personal potential. SMART objectives are referred to as Specific, Measurable, Achievable,
Realistic and Time bound objectives. The SMART objectives will enable to enhance my
performance and abilities. The specific nature of these objectives aids in acquiring a
determination to accomplish the required objectives. Specific nature of the objectives also
creates for developmental activities and tasks for the individual. The specific objectives also
create opportunities for acquiring defined sets of techniques and skills or knowledge. The
measurable nature of these objectives also provides with scenarios to evaluate the performance
and analyse the time taken to achieve the determined sets of objectives.
The measurable nature enables to develop objectives that are measurable in nature and
accommodates in easy analysis of the self-performance. Further, the objectives are required to be
achievable and realistic in order to accomplish and complete the objectives in an effective
manner (Boella and Goss-Turner, 2013). The achievable nature of objectives provides with
opportunities for easy accomplishment of the objectives and targets. The realistic nature of
objectives is required to assure for actual achievement of the objectives. For proper and effective
development of the personal performance, it is also required to develop time bound objectives.
Time bound objectives enable to achieve them within a specific time period. The time bound
nature of objectives also simplifies the accomplishment of objectives.
Conclusion
The report has provided with a study for developing and enhancing the personal performance of
an individual. It has laid emphasis on the development of SMART objectives in order to achieve
them in a time bound and specific manner.
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Task 3
Introduction
The report has been drafted to learn and educate about the theories and approaches required to
lead and motivate employees in order to accomplish a specified set of goals and objectives. The
report will justify the actions undertaken in the form of recommendations. The report will have
been prepared as the view point of a manager at Frankie and Benny’s restaurant in London.
3.1 Lead and motivate a team to achieve an agreed goal or objective.
It is necessary to motivate and lead the employees in an effective manner in this contemporary
world to accomplish the desired sets of goals and objectives. The following approaches and
tactics can be applied by the leaders to motivate and lead the employees:
Team Building: It refers to uniting the efforts of the employees together as a single force. Team
Building is required in order to unite the forces of all employees which increases the
effectiveness and productivity of the organisation. Team Building is also applied by leaders to
motivate and unite the members of a team. It enables to integrate the efforts and productivity of
different individuals which enables to accomplish the desired goals effectively.
Communication: It is considered one of the most effective factors in motivation and leadership.
Communication increases the productivity and effectiveness of the employees (Boella and Goss-
Turner, 2013). Leaders are required to motivate the employees by the application of
communication as it educates the employees of the required goals and objectives to be achieved.
Communication also provides with clear understanding and interpretation of the objectives by
the employees.
Group Development: It is essential to understand and develop an effective relationship with the
group members and leaders. The organisational leaders are required to execute group
developmental activities and programs motivate and lead the group. Group training and
developmental activities enable to accomplish the required needs and specification of the
individuals and the groups. Group development fosters for learning the self-strengths and
weaknesses. It creates opportunities to overcome them and increase the level of performance.
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Group Dynamics: In order to motivate and lead the employees or group of individuals it is
required to understand and interpret the concepts of group dynamics (Mujtaba, 2013). Group
dynamics are the forces that work in a group and organise the activities, attitudes and attributes
of the members working in the group. Group dynamics enables to motivate and lead through
proper understanding and interpretation of the group forces.
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3.2 Justify managerial decisions made to support achievement of agreed goal or objective
and recommendations for improvements.
Several managerial decisions are undertaken in order to support the achievement of goals and
objectives. The approach of team building provides with opportunities to manage and organise
the team in an effective manner. Coordination and relationship between teams increase with the
application of various concepts and approach to team building. The team building activities like
group discussions and meetings increases the interaction and enables to develop a coherent
understanding of the goals and objectives to be achieved. The activities of group dynamics also
create opportunities and environment to understand the forces of groups (Kalargyrou, et. al.,
2012). The leader is aided in developing an interpretation of the group forces. These are the
forces that develop the attitudes and behaviours in the group, by analysing the leader is provided
with opportunities to modify and alter the group behaviour and preferences.
Further in order to motivate and lead the managers or leaders may also apply the techniques and
strategies of communication and group training or development. Communication between the
leaders and the group members enables to increase the interaction and ensures for proper follow
up of the organisational policies and goals. Communication creates opportunities to educate and
establish a clear understanding of the goals to be achieved (Dima and Vlăduţescu, 2012). With
increased level of interaction and integration, the formal boundaries and restrictions of the leader
and employee relationship decrease. It establishes for better understanding and coordinated
relationship which increases the motivational power of the leader.
Further improvements can be executed in the above aspects to motivate and lead the employees.
Employee Satisfaction and Engagement can be developed by the leaders in order to lead in an
effective manner (Kalargyrou, et. al., 2012). Employee satisfaction depicts the organisational
interest in the well-being and satisfaction level of the employees. Increased amount of employee
engagement creates for highly motivated staff. This motivation enables to achieve complex
natured goals and objectives for the organisation. Further motivation can be imparted by
financial and non-financial motivators or influencers. The financial motivators include for
appraisal and promotion of the employees. The non-financial motivators are recognised as
appreciation and recognition.
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Conclusion
From the above report, it can be concluded that leadership and motivation go hand in hand. It is
essential for a leader to motivate the employees in order to achieve the desired goals and
objectives. The report has identified several approaches and strategies that can be applied by a
leader in order to direct the employees for achieving the specified goals and objectives.
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Task 4
Introduction
The report has been drafted in order to develop an understanding based on evidence from the
personal experience of the managerial and personal skills support for my personal development
and enrichment. The report will reflect on the managerial and personal skills possessed by me
along with a development plan.
4.1 Explain how own managerial and personal skills will support career development.
The own managerial and personal skills possessed by me can be identified as effective
communication, innovative and out of box thinking, ability to persuade and motivate the groups,
knowledge and past working experience in the fields of hospitality and tourism has enhanced my
career. The support provided by these managerial and personal skills is illustrated as below:
Effective Communication: My effective communication skills have enabled me to develop and
enhance my career opportunities. Communication has enabled me to interact and communicate
with my subordinates and superiors in an effective manner (Goetsch and Davis, 2014). Effective
communication skills have further provided with several opportunities to place my point of view
and suggestions in front of my colleagues and superiors.
Innovative and Out of Box Thinking: My innovative and out of box thinking has increased my
professional performance in the recent times. With my past working experience in the hospitality
sector, I have observed that innovative thinking has aided me to develop a strategic and
reformative solution to various managerial and operational issues that occur in the hospitality
industry.
Motivational and Persuading Power: Hospitality industry requires for managing and
organising the group efforts of the teams. It is essential in the hospitality industry to develop
strategic and motivational leadership (Boella and Goss-Turner, 2013). Management of groups is
executed by the persuading power to influence their behaviours and attitudes towards the
organisational preferences.
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Past Working Experience: Hospitality industry has provided me with various opportunities to
enhance y personal and managerial skills. My past working experience in this sector has enabled
to captivate various skills and developmental learning. My managerial and personal skills to
represent myself in front of the consumers and the representatives of the higher authorities have
been amplified.
Educational Qualification: My Masters in the Human Resource Management and Hospitality
Management has proved to increase my performance. Masters in the HRM has increased my
proficiency to manage and lead the group. It has enabled me to reflect as a leader with a vision to
progress and grow in the competitive environment (Goetsch and Davis, 2014). Master in
hospitality industry has provided with practical learning of the theories and approaches
developed in the course of learning.
Creativity and Confidence: The personal attributes of creativity and confidence has increased
my professionalism in my career of hospitality industry. Confidence has enabled to communicate
in an effective manner with the consumers. My creativity has managed to impress and attract
consumers towards the ideas and programs developed.
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4.2 Review career and personal development needs, current performance and future need
to produce a development plan.
Sequences Goals Skills needed Skill development
strategy
Time period
required to develop
skills
1 Linguistic Goals It is essential to
learn and gain
international
languages in
order to
communicate
with consumers
from various
parts of the
globe.
Enrolling myself in
language learning
courses.
Appearing in learning
platforms and meetings,
interacting with the
clients from international
bases (Spenceley, 2012).
The goal to learn
various languages can
be accomplished in a
time period of 3
months.
2 Acquiring
Communication
Skills
Effective written
communication
skills
Effective
grammar and
pronunciation of
words in
international
languages
By communicating in a
formal and professional
manner with the
colleagues and
subordinates in order to
acquire and develop
effective written
communication skills.
With learning
international languages, it
is required to acquire
proper communication
The goal is aimed to
be acquired in a time
frame 2 months and
15 days.
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and pronunciation of
words (Ko, 2012).
3 Leadership
Skills
Leading with the
application of
theories and
concepts learned
in the real time
working
environment and
conditions.
Leading and organising
the groups of people in
the working areas.
Aiding the managers and
superiors in the
managerial aspects of
responsibilities and
accountability.
The goal to improvise
leadership skills can
be attained within a
time period of 4
months.
4 Enhancing the
Managerial
Aspects
Improvise body
language
Self-confidence
Creativity
Innovative
thinking
Improving the body
language
Creating a positive
attitude towards dynamic
working conditions
(Phelan and Sharpley,
2012)
Building self-confidence
and public image to
represent me in front of
the higher authorities and
consumers.
Enhancing the
managerial skills can
be undertaken
gradually within a
time frame of 5 to 6
months.
Conclusion
The report has enabled me to learn and gather information about the skills and information that
have aided me in developing and enhancing my career. The report has reflected on the skills I
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have possessed to and their contribution towards developing the career. I have learned that my
past working experience and higher qualifications in the education related to the masters in HRM
and Hospitality industry has boosted my professional representation and career.
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Conclusion
It has been established and clearly communicated by the report that developing a manager is a
continuous process which requires deploying various tactics and theories. It has interpreted and
identified by the report that managerial styles and approaches impact on the performance of the
organisation. The report has focused on the managerial styles, principles, practices developed
and adopted by the tour operators such as TUI Group and the Thomas Cook. The report has also
conversed on the aspects of personal and managerial skills and abilities of an individual.
The report has developed and analysed a career development plan in order to identify the
requirements for further career development and progress. The report has also provided with
recommendations such as financial and non-financial motivators to lead and motivate the
employees under a manger effectively. It has been identified with the development of this report
that certain and specific attributes are required in order to develop as an effective manager. It is
essential in the hospitality industry to acquire the attributes of confidence, effective
communication skills, leadership, innovative thinking and visionary attitude to lead with success.
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