Developing Personal and Management Skills - Theories and Perspectives of Leadership and Management

This report discusses the key theories and perspectives of leadership and management within a range of diverse environments. It includes a personal development plan, skills with relevant theory, and more. The report also covers motivation, empowerment, and various theories such as Situational leadership theory, Contingency Theory, Scientific management theory, Bureaucracy theory of management, and more. The subject is Developing Personal and Management Skills, and the course code is not mentioned. The college/university is not mentioned either.

Developing personal and
Management Skills
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY ..................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
Identify the key theories and perspectives of leadership and management within range of
diverse environments. ................................................................................................................3
Personal Development Plan .......................................................................................................6
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................9
Explain the skills with relevant theory .......................................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14
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INTRODUCTION
Leadership and management are one of the most important perspective present within an
organization. It is important for an individual since it possess effective perspective in relation to
process existing within an organization. This leads towards contributing within organization by
improving various perspectives. Also growth of organization contributes over building better
business environment making individual grow effectively. Leadership is defined as potential
term influencing and driving group efforts which leads over attaining potential outcomes. In the
respective report there are two parts first part is based over various kinds of leadership skills
which are used in order to make operations performed in more effective way. The organization
that has been considered for second part is the river Island which is a high street fashion brand
operates in the no. of worldwide market, headquartered in London. Respective report is based on
the key theories of leadership and management in context of diverse environment. Further it
includes the motivational and team working principles to effective styles of leadership. It also
includes the extent of effective management and leadership and their contribution in
organisational effectiveness. It also includes effectiveness of leadership and management
behaviour and contribution of respective individuals at time to change by using various tools and
techniques.
MAIN BODY
TASK 1
Identify the key theories and perspectives of leadership and management within range of diverse
environments.
In an organization in order to operate and manage business activities an effective
leadership should be used with effectual leadership and management style helping over gaining
desirable objective within an organization(Fleury and et.al., 2015). Thus being a leader of an
particular organization one should apply various kinds of theories which helping in paving path
for great leadership such theories are discussed as follows:
Situational leadership theory:
The overall situation existing within leadership makes suggestion developed about leader
leading towards developing flexibility in a way that leadership style within an specialized
situation which is particularly applied within an organization for attaining more attractive
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outcomes from work done by them. As per this leaders are not able to breed or born developing
capabilities in oneself helping in serving that are functional in nature. Leaders are not breaded
and neither they are born they are individual developing capabilities over various kinds of
functions(Holweg and et.al., 2018). Situational leadership helps over attempting in more
effective way over leadership over large situation that has taken place. In relation River Island by
using various situation within leadership style over leader adopting oneself as per changing
situations to gain desirable outcomes.
Contingency Theory
The theory is based over ways within which style of leadership has been applying over
situation making recognition possible by influencing particular situation making leaders choose
right action and taking into account variables and research leadership. An effective leadership
right balance is required to be made by analysing situation as per employees working. As per this
rights and traits of leadership is covered creating balance in relation to behaviour of employee's.
It makes situation handled more effectively. The theory makes improvement done as per the
situation existing within an organization making leadership improved with an positive approach.
Scientific management theory:
Scientific management theory is based over application regarding engineering science
over production floor. The respective theory develop focus over improving efficiency of each
and every individual within an organization. It has been developing focus by increasing
production with intensive kind of technology as humans that has just being considered for
adjourning related to machines for handling tasks more effectively(Hsu, 2013). This leads over
performing productions floor which is different from others of repetitive nature. In relation to
River Island elimination over remaining competitive marketplace. Also the theory helps over
developing standards within working methods in order to helping in developing growth of with
proper approach.
Bureaucracy theory of management:
Bureaucratic theory of management which has been presented by Max Webber and deals
with two essential elements including structure within an organization helps over defining goals
and objectives helping in governing business activities. In relation to Rivers Island respective
theory of management. It is used over the hierarchy of command for communicating within an
organization sharing role properly. This makes commands fulfilled in more effective way.
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Open system to respond diverse business environment:
In open system core concept organizational analysis has helped over making interaction
done within business environment allowing renewal growth for remaining competitive within
market place. In relation to river island managing of inflow and outflow makes interaction done
in potential manner.
Managers are those individual's holding accountability over controlling and handling
management as well as performance of firm helping in attaining organizational objectives. They
holds proficient knowledge within the field making capability over supporting system by
delegating duties to its workers at different organizational level. The role of managers in
Unilever has been discussed as follows: Interpersonal Roles: As per this Rivers Island manager have appropriate information
aiding an organization for developing strategies in order to attain organizational
objectives. They are required to become socially and legally responsible for encouraging
individual as its subordinates view as individual controlling.
 Decisional roles: It is crucial role as whole managers requires over performing
effectively. Under it managers role has been handling variations and controlling
organization. They are required to take accountability over allocating resources used in
more effective manner for negotiating their staff.
Leaders are based as person who perform activities like observing, guiding and various
motive over subordinates in order to accomplish goals within an organization(Kramar, 2014).
They are helpful in setting targets encouraging with other people helping in examine
performance in effective way. They acts as motivators and problem resolver and there role
within an organization like Rivers island has been discussed as follows: Problem resolver: This is crucial for leaders to resolve conflicts and issues within team
which increase efficiency and productivity in order to maintain better effectiveness for
producing group targets in effective way.
 Motivator: Leaders are respective firm which makes motivation take place with group of
subordinates as per demand of organization.
ADAIR’S MODEL of leadership and management
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There are three main functions of leaders which has been used for attaining task by
maintaining team and meeting there requirements.
ROLE OF LEADERS:
For describing the leaders role, Adair model is applied fro effective results. This theory
concentrate upon the functions of leadership that are mentioned below:
 Defining the task: This is an in an important part of leaders used for defining team and
individuals by using SMART objectives.
 Planning: This holds importance for identifying best alternative upon different
perspective performed with positive mind making contingency used within working.
 Briefing: Team briefing is main part of leadership functions holding significance for
creating positive environment making effective developed within staff and team
members.
 Motivating: The leaders are required to motivate employee which increasing there
working capacity making maximum profit attained from there work.
These functions helps leadership functions developed with capability of leaders
constantly. It makes leaders attain strong leadership.
Role of manager:
There are several manager function that are mentioned below:
 Planning: This is based over reading map over all firm which makes activities decided in
more advance manner (Mafakheri and Nasiri, 2014). The manager requires to formulate
effective planning as per organizational framework.
 Organising: The function within which human, physical and financial resource has been
improving effectiveness for attaining objectives more effective and improving work with
task efficiency.
 Directing: The manager is respective over facilitating direction upon subordinates over
performing task as well as complexities in effective manner.
The managers should use objective theory which makes development to be made by performing
through improving objectives set by managers.
Personal Development Plan
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PRIORITY SKILLS CURRENR
T
ABILITY
TARGET
ABILITY
DEVELOP
MNET
OPPORTU
NITIE
CRITERI
A TO
JUDGE
TIME
FRAME
Priority 1 Influencing
through
helping in
making
effective
communicat
ion skill.
Low High In order to
develop
seminars,
workshop
and
examination
of specific
components
with
capabilities
and various
other
elements
helps in
improving.
The
comment
from
colleagues
and circle
relative
participants
and friends
are used.
2 to 4
months
Priority 2 Learn Team
building
skills
Average High This has
been
spending
time on crew
sports for
running
excessive
range of
human
beings.
Through
asking from
subordinate
and taking
comments
from crew
members.
3 to 5
months
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PRIORITY SKILLS CURRENR
T
ABILITY
TARGET
ABILITY
DEVELOP
MNET
OPPORTU
NITIE
CRITERI
A TO
JUDGE
TIME
FRAME
Priority 3 Acquire
Leadership
skills
Average High By gaining
knowledge
of
management
approaches,
via way of
means of
taking
concept and
understandin
g from
experts and
experts.
By
discussing
with senior
government
and taking
comments
from
managers.
Approx 6
months
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TASK 2
Explain the skills with relevant theory
Motivation
Motivation is based over fulfilling needs, desire and wants helping over inspiring people
over accomplishing goals. Motivation comes automatically and cannot be forced to an
employees. This is an goal orientation process making person get motivated through creating
salary, job satisfaction, incentives and awards. The manager job gets motivated of employees
that they do best within jobs providing contribution through which productivity and profitability.
Motivation are of two types which are Extrinsic which is derived purely from outside through
giving motivation over rewards, incentives like praise, money, and status. This is another name
of external motivation which is beneficial when an person has been working over earning
rewards they feel dis interested. Intrinsic this form of motivations totally arising from an
employee(Mezzadra and Neilson, 2013). It is done by employee in order to make self-
accomplishment done more effectively over doing long term task. The best way is to provide
internal motivation to provide feedback and guidance from its manager. In an organizations
motivation is one of the most important perspective which has important role to play in order to
gain potential outcomes from employees. In relation to River Island theories and principles
should be used for motivating team and leaders making performance to be improved. In relation
to River Island which is based over using theories and principles based over motivation and team
working which is used for adopting leadership style and management.
Adam's equity theory of motivation:
The theory of motivations is based over making social exchange possible making people
feel motivated through treating equitably and considering fairly. Fair treatment has helped in
comparing by making contribution done with amount of awards helping over enhancing
motivation within employees which gives them best outcomes achieved over remaining
competitiveness in market place. Motivation theory and practices provided beneficial motivate
an individual within marketplace. Motivation theory and practices provide beneficial motivation
an individual in order give best offers leaders and manager with direct employees.
Maslow's motivational theory
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Maslow has been proposed over making motivation provided related to five human needs
which are physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, self-esteem needs, and self-
actualization needs. The theory of human motivation suggested that people are getting
motivating over fulfilling basic needs. The model of hierarchy is based over top to bottom.
Physiological needs:
This is most basic needs of human continuity like needs of food, shelter, water and
clothing. The absence of requirements human body which is not able to perform function
properly. If an person gets over basic needs for motivating and leading over increasing
productivity of an business organization.
 Safety needs: It is required that motivation is done over fulfilling basic needs of
physiology making basic needs for accomplishing safety and security needs. Under it all
aspects related to job and finance safety is covered. This is important part of employees
working(Shi and Yu, 2013).
 Social needs: This is based over including care, acceptance, trust, friendship and
connections. It is required over present within working environment as they are beneficial
over reducing stress less of an employee. The physiological and safety needs requires to
maintain good relation within society.
 Self-esteem needs: Maslow is needed to be two parts helping in maintaining confidence,
dignity, awards and achievements of employees which makes motivation of person done
in effective way. They are having important role to play in motivating employees more
effectively. This makes self esteem developed more effectively with proper structure.
 Self-actualization needs: This makes satisfactions achieved by an person for completing
task and its varies from person to person over fulfilling various ways with skills tanning
over accomplishing life goals and upgrading. The person gets guidance over achieving
goals and objectives. Through this basic needs of employees are fulfilled more
effectively.
Empowerment
Operational approach is based over knowledge of management together which is
connected over administering functions. There ate based upon approaching operations like six,
sigma, total quality and various other aspects. Operation management of respective firm utilized
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upon maximising approach gaining efficaciousness as well as productivity. It has been discussed
as follows:
 Six sigma: This based over improving values of operational management through
decreasing defects within operations. These are used by respective organization in order
to decreases cost, obviate errors chances used for saving time and resources within the
management process of an organization like River Island. It is and expensive way of
conducting operations based over quality within manufacturing process of Rivers Island.
 Total quality management: This approach is based over referring to customers by
enhancing quality of products and services provided by an organization. In relation to
River Island organization is able to develop and improve quality standards making
facilitation and assistance provided as per desirable good and its quality. This is
important part of organizations management which leads over uplifting organizations
performance in relation to its product. Through such aspect over all quality of product is
improved with better improvement.
Conflict management
This is one of the most important perspective which has been used in order to deal with
those elements which impacts business environment. In order to manage the conflicts various
techniques are used by River Island and has been discussed as follows:
 Corporate social responsibilities: This is based over managing activities which is used
for performing social welfare over respective firm leaders and managers perform CSR
activities which makes goodwill and consumers loyalty. The CSR policy of Rivers Island
are based over activities which is used for obtaining stakeholders including government,
supplier and challenges faced within society.
 Ethics and values: They are based over various kinds of principles and rules which are
developed in order to conduct smooth functions and operations. The management and
leadership of River Island makes effective ethical structure helping over enhancing
structure improved by making goals and objectives achieved more effectively. Also they
are able to create more effective structure making better business environment developed
within an organization.
 Sustainability: This is an important part of River Island which makes growth done with
environment footprint making positive effective to be achieved. It makes UN develop
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sustainable goals and manages strategies with brand image developed more effectively.
This is an important part which is responsible for making long term development done in
more effective way.
Team effectiveness
Tuckman's theory of team building:
Respective theory is an team building theory which is used for developing team and
focusing on task with the help of Four stages which are discussed as follows:
 Forming: As per the stage team development is done helping in finding place and
understanding role and responsibility.
 Storming: The stage makes team members find out place over being part of team and
sorting out challenges according to respective stage over role and work. This makes
problems solved more effectively(Waters and Rinsler, 2014).
 Norming: In the stage team is developed by making team members come together over
developing process by establishing rules with potential development with better outcomes
and effective means.
 Performing: This is last stage of team development making focus developed with
positive approach making gains done within performance of team members working.
In order to make effective team it is required that roles and responsibilities make best
performance marked out making gain done with potential outcomes. This is effective as it makes
over all development of team done with more impact making management styles with positive
approach used. In relation to River island training and development makes growth of career
possible with team building spirit. Also through this team members are able to achieve goals and
objectives more effectively.
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CONCLUSION
From above the discussion it can marked out that leadership and management means
those perspectives which is based over improving process present within organization. These
aspects helps over making organization grow in effective way. The reports covers about skills
related to management and leadership. Also various kinds of aspects has been covered in relation
to operations performed in more effective way. Then various kinds of perspectives are covered
making goals and objectives achieved by an organization. They are helpful for managing
conflicts. Also team effectiveness is managed by them which leads over taking strong decisions
more effectively.
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REFERENCES
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management the next approach?. The International Journal of Human Resource
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