Development and Sustainability

Running head: DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY
DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY
1
Response to Question 1: Key facts
The main reasons identified for the outcome of water scarcity are, increasing
population rate, climatic changes, unstructured and unorganized water infrastructure.
Another set of reasons identified for the scarcity of water in South Africa are, poorly
managed system for water management, inability to structure the resources usage with
the increasing population and unparalleled growth in the economy.
The water scarcity in Cape Town resulted in the fall of various sectors dependent on
tourist inflow (Dutta & Shah, 2018).
Planting trees is considered to be one of the significant factor influencing the
replenishment of water resources (Dutta & Shah, 2018).
Around 80 percent of wastewater have been found untreated or which have not been
reused on a global scale.
Due to the inability to maintain the water level in reservoirs and major dependence on
rainwater caused the state of water scarcity in South Africa, especially in Cape Town.
The strategy of ‘Day Zero’ was declared along with other water consumption
restrictions, limiting the water usage up to 50 litres a day (Dutta & Shah, 2018).
In the ‘Day Zero’ concept, the tap water usage will be restricted for a whole day.
Response to Question 2: Alternatives for decision-maker
Investing in a well-structured water management system, which will not wait for the
‘Day Zero’ or drought state of the region to act efficiently.
Shift the dependency of water sources from only rainwater to water treatment of
waste or grey water for reuse, usage of underground water and adopting the process of
desalination (Dutta & Shah, 2018).
Restricting the overutilization of water for persona or industrial consumption by
imposing strict policies and rules (Dutta & Shah, 2018).