Diabetes and its impact Case Study 2022

Running head: DIABETES AND IT’S IMPACT
DIABETES AND ITS IMPACT
Name of the Student
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1DIABETES AND ITS IMPACT
Executive Summary
Diabetes Mellitus is a global threat and about 415 million people across the world are
suffering from this condition. With the increase of its instance, the concern regarding it is
also increasing. This study will discuss the factors that might lead to the development of this
disease and the processes in which it might be addressed, and the instances can be reduced.
This study will also help in building up an idea about the perception common people have
about this disease and the way they can be motivated to be safe and prevent this disease.

2DIABETES AND ITS IMPACT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................3
MOTIVATION..........................................................................................................................4
PROJECT SUMMARY.............................................................................................................5
PROJECT DETAILS.................................................................................................................5
METHODOLOGY.................................................................................................................6
DATA COLLECTION.......................................................................................................6
SAMPLING.......................................................................................................................7
DATA ANALYSIS............................................................................................................7
AWARENESS PROGRAM...............................................................................................7
CHALLENGES......................................................................................................................8
OUTCOME............................................................................................................................9
TIMELINE.............................................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION..........................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES.........................................................................................................................10

3DIABETES AND ITS IMPACT
INTRODUCTION
Diabetes mellitus can be defined as the condition which can be characterized by high
blood glucose level sustaining over a more extended period (World Health Organization,
2020). If this condition is left untreated, it gives rise to further complications like kidney
issues, cardiovascular disease, nerve damage, eye damage and skin ulcers. It is mainly caused
due to decreased production of insulin hormone, and it is also caused when the cells of the
body do not respond to the hormone. It is divided into three types:
 Type 1 Diabetes: Type 1 diabetes is caused due to decreased or halt in the production
of insulin which is secreted from the beta cells of the pancreas.
 Type 2 Diabetes: Type 2 diabetes is caused as the result of the cells failing to respond
to the insulin hormone.
 Gestational Diabetes: Gestational diabetes affects pregnant women by increasing the
blood sugar level beyond the normal range.
It has been increasingly affecting and preventing people from living a normal and
healthy life. With its increasing complexity, the instances of diabetes are also increasing
gradually. Statistical research showed that, in the year 2015, about 415 million people had
diabetes and about 318 million people had impaired tolerance of glucose at a high risk of
contracting diabetes in the near future, across the globe. There is also a considerable and
significant increase in the instance of diabetes in Canada. Research showed, in 2015, about
3.4 million people had diabetes, and it was also estimated that by 2025, the number of
diabetes instances would increase by several manifolds and reach 5 million showing a jump
of 44% within ten years (Diabetes Canada, 2020).
Diabetes can be prevented by avoiding any form of intoxication, regular physical
exercise, maintaining a normal weight, maintaining a proper and nutritious diet and

4DIABETES AND ITS IMPACT
maintaining blood pressure. The instances od diabetes are increasing exponentially because
of not leading a healthy life. The cases of type 2 diabetes are taking the front seat with every
passing year. It also increases the chances of people with type 2 diabetes getting type 1 in the
near future. A research conducted in 2017, shows that diabetes caused about 3.2 to 5.0
million death and the trend shows a yearly increase (Diabetes Atlas, 2020). It is also a huge
problem that there is very less awareness about diabetes and the effect it can exert among
people which is playing a pivotal role in the increase of diabetes.
This study will be conducted by applying the mixed method for data collection and
analysis in both qualitative and quantitative way. It will result in the finding of the population
who are the most vulnerable to diabetes. Then an awareness program will be conducted in
which the participants of the program will be educated about this disease, its effect and how it
can be decreased. The program will conclude with the evaluation of an interview which will
identify the effectiveness of the program.
MOTIVATION
The disease was first identified as diabetes by 1674 by Thomas Willis. He is the first
scientist who described it as the disease of the blood. This problem continues to pique
researchers’ interest as the instances are increasing exponentially and affecting people all
over the globe massively and require newer innovations to decrease the cases of diabetes.
Diabetes mostly affects individuals of different ages but primarily affect people of the
age above 40 (Meneilly et al., 2018). It is because beta cells of the pancreas become non-
functional and fail to secrete insulin and it happens when cells of the body fail to respond to
insulin (Perreault and Færch, 2014).
The problem of diabetes is not yet entirely solved. Though there are medicines and
insulin treatment available, however, the treatments available can not defeat the disease. The

5DIABETES AND ITS IMPACT
longer an individual has diabetes; more will be their complication which may spread
throughout the body.
The program that will be studied is new and has the probability of becoming a
successful one to decrease the instances of diabetes.
PROJECT SUMMARY
This project on diabetes, its impact and the way it can be reduced or prevented are
designed to make people more aware of the disease in details. The awareness program will be
held for 24 weeks. In the awareness program, the participants will be educated about diabetes
and the factors that might lead to the condition and the things that can be done to prevent the
development of this condition. Their health behaviour will also be given special notice so that
it can be improved to make them self-aware about the disease and its consequences.
The program will also focus on educating the participants about the processes
undergoing which diabetes can be prevent or the level of blood glucose can be reduced. They
will be informed about the food habits that they should maintain to stay healthy and prevent
or reduce diabetes. They will also be enlightened about which food weighs more in glucose
content and can increase the blood glucose level and thus, develop a habit that will not
contain any potential risk that might increase the blood glucose level.
PROJECT DETAILS
This is an awareness program focused on the development of the knowledge of the
people. It has been seen that the lack of knowledge regarding the health and the health
behavior is the factor that impacts over the health of the people. It has been seen that diabetes
development is dependent on different social determinants of health including the lack of
health literacy and health care access. Diana Sherifali and Robyn (2018), highlighted that the

6DIABETES AND ITS IMPACT
rate of diabetes has been seen that the statistical factor of the increase in the rate of diabetes
in the country would be from 2015 to 2025 approximately, 44 per cent. Hence, the program
would be focusing on the effective education strategy development for the people of the
country. Thus, it can be stated that the health promotion program will be focused on the
improvement of the health literacy for mitigating the future context of the health of the
country population. The project will be developed with consideration of the data collection
and determining the target population for the awareness program.
METHODOLOGY
The project will be developed with the consideration with the data collection and data
analysis process. The data collection and the data analysis will determine the target
population for the awareness providence. Thus, the data methodology for the data collection
and the data analysis will be developed with the consideration of the descriptive study (Loeb
et al., 2017). It can be stated that the data collected and derived from the process would be
analyzed and described in detail for the identification of the target population.
DATA COLLECTION
The data collection will be done with the consideration of the mixed method of data
collection and analysis. The mixed method will be developed through the implementation of
the qualitative interview process and the quantitative survey process. Hence, this program
will be developed with the consideration of the multivariate factorization (Loskutova et al.,
2016). The data collected will be analyzed and the data will identify the most vulnerable
group of people for diabetes development. The quantitative survey will be conducted with
close ended questionnaire focusing on the education level of the people. Other than this, the
qualitative interview will be conducted with the open ended questionnaire focused on the
health behavior of people and the knowledge of the people as well.

7DIABETES AND ITS IMPACT
SAMPLING
The sampling techniques for the data collection process will be done with
consideration of the age, history of diabetes among the family members, the people affected
with diabetes as well. Hence, the sampling will follow the convenience sampling process
(Etikan, Musa & Alkassim, 2016). The study sample will be at least 47 people.
DATA ANALYSIS
The data analysis of this project will follow two factors that are the statistical analysis
and the qualitative data analysis. The statistical data analysis will be done with the SPSS
software which will describe the prevalence rate and the relevance of the study that is the T-
test data analysis (Ong & Puteh, 2017). On the other hand, the qualitative data will be
analyzed by the QDA software which will analyze the educational level of the participants
(Woods et al., 2016).
AWARENESS PROGRAM
The data collection and the analysis of the collected data will develop the idea
regarding the people with the risk of diabetes and the education level regarding the disease.
Hence, it can be found that this disease generally affects the people from mid-age that is 40
years above. Hence, it can be stated that the target population will be the people from the age
group of 40 and above. The awareness program will comprise of three major factors or steps
namely, marketing of the program, education or awareness providence and evaluation of
outcome of the program (Maleki et al., 2017).
The marketing step will be done through pamphlet, poster and television
advertisement (Shanmukappa et al., 2017). This marketing will be focusing on the interest
development of the people for the awareness program. Moreover, the marketing will also
assess the participation of the people for the awareness program. After the marketing,

8DIABETES AND ITS IMPACT
awareness program will be started and this program will be focusing on the effective
education providence regarding the diabetes risks and the reduction processes. On the other
hand, the factor of the awareness program will also focus on the physical activities or self
management processes that can reduce the risks and the impacts of diabetes over the body.
The awareness program will also focus on the providing appropriate and positive outcomes
for the population as well as for the project staffs. The awareness program will be conducted
for at least of 12 weeks. Evaluation is the final step for the program. This evaluation program
will be focusing on the determination of the negative and the positive aspects of the program.
Hence, it can be stated that the evaluation program will focus on the outcome measurement.
The measurement will be done with the consideration of the interview of the participants of
the awareness program. The interview data will help the program staffs to evaluate the
effectiveness of the program that is if the education level and the health behavior improve
among the participants then it can be marked as positive or effective program and if the result
is opposite then it cannot be marked as effective (Salisbury et al., 2017).
CHALLENGES
Identification and the determination of the target population and developing the
interest of the people for the awareness program will be the most challenging factor for the
program. It can also be stated that the situation regarding the software based analysis of data
would be challenging as well as it require knowledge of the data analysis properly (Deehan &
Wylie, 2018). Moreover, presence of bias in the data collection can also be marked as
challenging issue. However, the data collection and analysis of the data are the factors that
can contribute to the originality of the project. Based on the data the target group will be
selected and also the healthy food knowledge by food nutrition marking is the original aspect
of the awareness program.

9DIABETES AND ITS IMPACT
OUTCOME
The project will be helpful in developing knowledge regarding the food habit and the
health behaviour among the participants. This project will be expected to be effective in the
awareness development among the country population for the people with diabetes and risk
of diabetes. This outcome can be marked as the micro-level effectiveness of the project.
Moreover, the project will also help in the recommendation development for the health policy
and health promotion development for the national population by the government and also
the health financing organizations which can be marked as a macro-level aspect of the
project.
TIMELINE
The project will be taking up to 24 weeks. The interview process for the qualitative
data collection will be conducted for three weeks and the quantitative survey will be
conducted for two weeks. After this data analysis will be conducted for one week. Now, the
awareness program including the marketing will be conducted for 12 weeks. Finally, the
evaluation program will take up to 6 weeks as it will also be conducted with considering
interview of the participants.
CONCLUSION
Thus, it can be concluded that from this program, there will be a gathering of various
ideas about the study population as well as the trend that is prevalent among the common
people. This study will also educate the participants and thus will take the first step towards
spreading awareness. In this study, the glucose content of various food will be re-evaluated to
build a conclusive idea about food and will help people to follow a healthy diet as well. This
study will also enable more researchers’ to work on this field and build newer innovative
ideas that might be applied to bring in better results.

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REFERENCES
Deehan, A., & Wylie, A. (2018). Health Promotion: the challenges, the questions of
definition, discipline status and evidence base. In Health promotion in medical
education (pp. 10-22). CRC Press.
Diabetes Atlas. (2020). IDF Diabetes Atlas 9th edition 2019. Retrieved 4 March 2020, from
https://diabetesatlas.org/en/
Diabetes Canada. (2020). Diabetes Canada [Ebook]. Canadian Journal of Diabetes. Retrieved
from https://www.canadianjournalofdiabetes.com/article/S1499-2671(17)30811-0/
pdf.
Diana Sherifali, R. N., & Robyn, L. (2018). Diabetes Canada Clinical Practice Guidelines
Expert Committee. Can J Diabetes, 42, S6-S9.
Etikan, I., Musa, S. A., & Alkassim, R. S. (2016). Comparison of convenience sampling and
purposive sampling. American journal of theoretical and applied statistics, 5(1), 1-4.
Loeb, S., Dynarski, S., McFarland, D., Morris, P., Reardon, S., & Reber, S. (2017).
Descriptive Analysis in Education: A Guide for Researchers. NCEE 2017-4023.
National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance.
Loskutova, N. Y., Tsai, A. G., Fisher, E. B., LaCruz, D. M., Cherrington, A. L., Harrington,
T. M., ... & Pace, W. D. (2016). Patient navigators connecting patients to community
resources to improve diabetes outcomes. The Journal of the American Board of
Family Medicine, 29(1), 78-89.
Maleki, S., Ansarimoghadam, A., Masoudy, G., Rakhshani, F., & Damani, E. (2017).
Analysis of the Effect of Training on the Health Literacy, Awareness and Behavior of
Diabetic Type II Patients, Referring to the Clinics of Zahedan within 2014. American

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Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences (ASRJETS),
32(1), 215-225.
Ong, M. H. A., & Puteh, F. (2017). Quantitative Data Analysis: Choosing Between SPSS,
PLS, and AMOS in Social Science Research. International Interdisciplinary Journal
of Scientific Research, 3(1), 14-25.
Perreault, L. and Færch, K., 2014. Approaching pre-diabetes. Journal of Diabetes and its
Complications, 28(2), pp.226-233.
Salisbury, C., O’Cathain, A., Thomas, C., Edwards, L., Montgomery, A. A., Hollinghurst,
S., ... & Lewis, G. (2017). Process evaluation results: embedded qualitative interview
study. In An evidence-based approach to the use of telehealth in long-term health
conditions: development of an intervention and evaluation through pragmatic
randomised controlled trials in patients with depression or raised cardiovascular
risk. NIHR Journals Library.
Shanmukappa, S. M., Nadig, P., Puttannavar, R., Ambareen, Z., Gowda, T. M., & Mehta, D.
S. (2017). Knowledge, attitude, and awareness among diabetic patients in Davangere
about the association between Diabetes and Periodontal Disease. Journal of
International Society of Preventive & Community Dentistry, 7(6), 381.
Woods, M., Paulus, T., Atkins, D. P., & Macklin, R. (2016). Advancing qualitative research
using qualitative data analysis software (QDAS)? Reviewing potential versus practice
in published studies using ATLAS. ti and NVivo, 1994–2013. Social Science
Computer Review, 34(5), 597-617.

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World Health Organization. (2020). WHO | About diabetes. Retrieved 4 March 2020, from
https://web.archive.org/web/20140331094533/http://www.who.int/diabetes/action_online/
basics/en/