The Concept of Human Rights and Their Construction Based on Modern Western Culture

This essay discusses the concept of human rights and their construction based on modern Western culture. It explores the characteristics of human rights and their importance in ensuring freedom, equality, and security for individuals. The essay also examines the universal validity of human rights and their role in promoting a comfortable and ethical environment for all human beings.

HUMAN RIGHTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................3
The concept of human rights.......................................................................................................3
Characteristics of human rights...................................................................................................4
Human rights are universal incontrovertible and permanently valid or merely a construct of
modern Western culture...............................................................................................................4
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Human rights refer to moral principles or norms which explain specific standards of
human behaviours which is protected by legal rights in international law and municipal. In other
words, these are basic rights and freedoms which belong to every individual from birth to death.
These laws are formulated and protected by government so that no one can do injustice with
other. Human rights are important for people because it gives assurance that all social and
communal groups are able to receive basic amenities like food, housing and education. The essay
discusses the role of human rights and their construction based on the modern western culture.
MAINBODY
The concept of human rights
Rights can be defined as the legal, social or ethical morals of freedom which permits
people to owe rules in accordance to legal system and ethical theory. Human rights are classified
into various categories such as civil and political rights and economic discipline, social and
cultural rights. This concept assures individual that they have right to leave their life by own
concepts instead of others. These rights give guarantee to individuals so that they can live their
life with freedom, equality and security. In addition, they protect people from abuse by other
potential individuals. There are various types of human rights such as universal, inalienable and
interdependent rights (Goold, & Lazarus, 2019). Universal human rights state that everyone has
some rights which are guaranteed to them, as soon as they are born. All human beings have these
rights irrespective of their culture, background, nationality or place of living. Rights are integral
part of every individual and cannot be separated from life or society. Similarly Inalienable rights
include all human rights which are non-observable and cannot be isolated by any political parties
or their order. On the other hand Interdependent human rights are interpreted as the rights which
each culture has right to keep no matter what financial status they have. It interconnects political,
civil, social and cultural elements together so each community can full enjoy without interruption
of others. Human rights were formulated after Second World War and universal declaration of
human rights was made by the members of the Human Rights Commission (Stephens, 2017).
The committee includes political, social, economic and cultural rights for human so they can take

full advantage of given opportunity and can redeem their life after second world war. Human
rights are considered as the core of international law and international relation because it displays
basic value of different cultures. These rights must be executed by countries globally. Human
Rights Committee introduces inalienable rights which help humans to entitle themselves as a
human being.
Human right gives legal right to live life by personal liberty. These laws are bring into
enforcement through laws and provide freedom to thought, expression, religions, age, language
and sex, gets basic education, employment and property to all individuals across the world
(Kerley, 2016). These laws are formulated by Human Right Committee so that individuals can
fell and cherish their presence in the world. In addition, these laws also ban practices i.e. slavery,
experiment execution without trial and torture which are against welfare or safety of humans.
When a person tries to rule out on other person based on power, potential then human rights can
direct government to take necessary actions against the person in fault. It shows principles and
norms are formulated to give a person their right but does not mean to take undue advantage of
their rights.
Characteristics of human rights
There are various characteristics of human rights such as inherent which describes that
human rights are inherited and are not offered by authorities and cannot be purchased. People get
rights because they are human being which no one can snatch from them. Another characteristic
of human rights is that they are fundamental which demonstrates their significance life. Without
rights there is no meaning of life and dignity of human in the world. In other words, human
rights give meaning to human for living life and provide dignity by making a recognisable image
in the world. Inalienable represents that no one has the right to grab or take away rights of other
human for any reason (Stein, (2017). When someone snatches other rights based on the contract
and agreement then authorities can take action against it. Indivisible is another characteristic of
human rights which explains that individual has right to live with dignity by taking advantage of
other rights i.e. freedom, security and decent standard of living style and no one can dominate
other without their permission.

Human rights are universal incontrovertible and permanently valid or merely a construct of
modern Western culture
In this dynamic and modern world, currently human rights are valid at every place.
Specially in well-developed and developing countries these human rights are completely
existing. Reason is, in developed and developing countries, most of the individuals are literate
and they properly understand the actual value of human rights. Basically, human rights are too
necessary in any place, because they give opportunity to humans to live freely at any place. A
person feel freedom with the support of human rights. That’s why each country should promote
human rights in their whole area of country. Of course, human rights term was firstly introduced
in the western countries, but now each country is focusing on fully implementing human rights.
These rights play great role at any place (Freeman, 2017). In this situation, if any country does
not follow human rights, then it can’t be developed in the future, because human rights motivate
people for working hard in personal life. Currently each person has their own rights, like right of
saying, right of freedom, right to equality, right to life, liberty and personal security, freedom of
thoughts, freedom of expression, rights of social security.
These are some major human rights which has mentioned here. In this situation,
government of each country is responsible to provide these rights to their people. When
government of any country has completely employed human rights, then it will able to remove
different negative elements also from their country area, like; discrimination, inequality, etc.
Reason is, human rights always gives opportunity to different countries for making an ethical
environment. Proper literacy level is highly required in any place, because literate people mainly
understand the actual value of human rights. They always promote human rights in their around
society. Generally, most people within different countries are taking huge advantages from these
human rights. For example; currently people are able to implement prevention of torture and
different inhuman treatment with the support of human rights. People can easily prevent
themselves from discrimination and other ethical attempts because of human rights. That’s why
people within most countries always demands from their local government for properly maintain
and manage human rights in whole countries.
Of course, human rights term started from western countries, but now everywhere people
get understood about this term. But many places or countries are still there in which local

communities does not know anything about their basic human rights (Celik, 2017). Mainly
undeveloped countries come under such places. Reason is, proper literacy has highly required to
demand for human rights, but in undeveloped countries most people are completely illiterate,
that’s why they never demand from basic human rights from their local leaders.Currently each
person should raise its voice for demanding basic human rights. In history, many people put their
huge efforts for getting human rights, they fought with many dictators. That’s why currently
most people are able to live in such zones where human rights have completely employed.
Currently a person can easily express its thoughts to another person, because it has right of
expression. Basically, human rights give opportunity to live in that place, where a person
properly understand each other. Human rights mainly promote humanity within the society.
That’s why currently each country wants to properly maintain human rights in its authorised
areas.
According to many psychologists, a human being or person never wants to live in that
place where human rights are not permanently valid (Land and Aronson, 2018). This is common
nature of human being. Mainly human rights promote happy and healthy zone, that’s why
humans like to live in such places where human rights are completely valid. However, local
government of any country always avoid provide such rights to their people which cam harm
animals, natural environment and other people. On the other side, humans or people are also
responsible to never misuse their rights which has provided by their local government or
administration. Currently most people avoid to go such places where human rights term is not
valid. Of course, many selected countries still do not provide common human rights to their
people. In those counties, people are still living as servants. Basically, human rights give
opportunity to people for being own boss. Thus people must understand value of human rights,
and must also avoid misuse of those rights.
The main objective of human rights is to encourage and promote common principles of
liberty, dignity, equality, respect, and brotherhood etc. Right of privacy is another major human
right, where a person has right to maintain its privacy(Jones, 2018). No one has right to harm its
privacy right. Human rights basically creates a comfortable zone for all human beings, that’s
why these rights are completely existing at any place. But, human rights are still not universal
incontrovertible and permanently valid, because people are still not believing in human rights

term in many places. However, local government within such countries has completely provided
human rights to their people. Many international leaders always promote human rights by
visiting different places. Promotion of human rights is really great thing, because without human
rights a person can’t survive in this dynamic and modern world. When people are not granted
human rights, then they are also not able to raise voice against those people who breaks legal and
ethical considerations for personal advantages. This statement is completely right that, human
rights are merely a construct of a modern western culture, but nowadays people who belong to
non-western culture also completely believe in human rights (Campbell, 2017). That’s why
currently many non-western countries also have systematically implemented various human
rights in their authorised zones.
CONCLUSION
It can be concluded that currently human rights are one of prime need of a person.
Doesn’t matter that person comes from which culture, because currently people completely
understands the actual concept of human right in every place. However, many places or countries
still do not promote human rights because local people in such countries are unaware of human
rights. In this dynamic and modern world, a common person or human being can’t survive
without human rights and thus these rights must be promoted, encouraged and sustained.

REFERENCES
Books & Journals
Campbell, T., 2017. 9. Democratising Human Rights. Revival: Human Rights in Philosophy and
Practice (2001).
Celik, E., 2017. The role of CRPD in rethinking the subject of human rights. The International
Journal of Human Rights. 21(7). pp.933-955.
Freeman, M., 2017. Human rights. John Wiley & Sons.
Goold, B. J., & Lazarus, L. (Eds.). (2019). Security and human rights. Bloomsbury Publishing.
Jones, P., 2018. International human rights: philosophical or political?. In National rights,
international obligations. (pp. 183-204). Routledge.
Kerley, E. C. (2016). The Contest for Human Rights: Soviet Soft Power Through Détente,
Reform, and Collapse, 1973-1991 (Doctoral dissertation).
Land, M.K. and Aronson, J.D. eds., 2018. New technologies for human rights law and practice.
Cambridge University Press.
Stein, M. A. (2017). Disability human rights. In Nussbaum and law (pp. 3-49). Routledge.
Stephens, B. (2017). The amorality of profit: transnational corporations and human rights.
In Human rights and corporations (pp. 21-66). Routledge.