Preventing Hearing Loss Epidemic

The assignment discusses the potential risks of hearing loss due to prolonged exposure to loud sounds from personal music players like iPods. The topic highlights the need for policies to prevent an epidemic of hearing disabilities, specifically regarding maximum volume regulation. However, experts also argue that regulating maximum volume alone is oversimplified and other factors such as duration and headphone type must be considered.

Discussion 5.1
Topic:
Anyone who has ever worked in a noisy environment, such as on a factory floor,
knows that there are often strict rules about how loud the sounds workers are
exposed to can be, and for how long workers can be exposed. This is because long-
term exposure to loud sounds can damage the sensitive hair cells in the inner ear.
After they are damaged, hair cells are not replaced, resulting in permanent hearing
loss.
Although noise exposure in the workplace is a long-acknowledged danger, a much
more recent concern is listening to personal music players (such as the iPod)
through headphones. The popularity of these devices combined with the number of
hours many people—especially teenagers—use them, have led many hearing
specialists to worry about the safety of the players. There is evidence to suggest
that 5%–15% of headphone users listen to their music players at levels and lengths
of time that are considered unsafe. Potentially, this could lead to an epidemic of
hearing disabilities in the future.
Given the potential long-term danger to hearing, some experts have recommended
limiting by law the maximum volume on personal music players. Others, however,
feel that this might be an oversimplification of the issue. This is because the risk to
the listener is not just a function of the device’s volume, but other factors as well.
For example, a 90 dB sound may be considered a relatively safe level when
listening to music through headphones for a few hours, but exposure to 90 dB for 8
hours in a day might cause hearing loss. Also, the type of headphones used can
increase or decrease the loudness. Earbud style headphones tend to increase the
loudness of the music compared to other styles of headphones when the volume
control is kept at the same level. (Although earbud headphones can increase the
maximum volume possible, studies have shown that, when using earbud-style
headphones, listeners typically keep the volume setting lower than those who use
headphones that do not enter the ear canal. This indicates that earbud headphones
are probably of no greater risk to users.)

What policies, if any, should be implemented to prevent a potential epidemic of
hearing loss? Should the maximum volume of these devices be regulated? What
are some problems with this approach? Is there a danger that it could create the
false impression that listening to music at the maximum legal volume setting is
safe for extended periods at a time?