Disease Management Report 2022

Running Head: DISEASE MANAGEMENT
DISEASE MANAGEMENT
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

DISEASE MANAGEMENT1
Patient Presentation
Introduction
Mrs. Betty is an old woman with poor English language skills who has been admitted
to the ward for suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD. She was also
suffering from pneumonia and no known allergies. She is widowed and lives all alone in
Melbourne. She is currently living in her own home and using the nursing services along with
assistance for domestic chores and also to change the dressings for her leg ulcers. She is very
thin with no appetite and very little exercise. This report will thus, discuss on the various
disease conditions that are being faced by Mrs. Betty and the scope of the nurses that can help
her to come out of the situations. The report will also suggest certain recommendations that
will help the patient to come out of the situation and also to know the exact line of treatment
that is needed and designed specifically for her.
Etiology of the disease
The significant reason for COPD is tobacco smoking. As the patient was an ex-
smoker throughout the previous 50 years as she used to smoke 3 packs each day. It is seen
that about 40% to 70% of COPD cases are caused due to smoking and applies its impact by
causing a provocative reaction, cilia brokenness, and oxidative damage. Air contamination
and work related presentation are other regular etiologies. Oxidative pressure and an
irregularity in proteinases and anti-proteinases are additionally significant factors in the
pathogenesis of COPD, particularly in patients with alpha-1 antitrypsin insufficiency, who
have panacinar emphysema that typically shows at an early age (Wang, Ni & Liu, 2016).
COPD has two main conditions chronic bronchitis and emphysema. In emphysema
the air sacs in the lungs is damaged and chronic bronchitis results in the swelling of the
airways along with mucus production. Asthma is a constant lung illness that aggravates and

DISEASE MANAGEMENT2
limits the aviation routes. Treatment ordinarily can switch the aggravation and narrowing that
happens in asthma. Few individuals have an uncommon type of COPD called alpha-1 lack
related emphysema (Nakawah, Hawkins & Barbandi, 2013). This type of COPD is brought
about by a hereditary (acquired) condition that influences the body's capacity to deliver a
protein (Alpha-1) that ensures the lungs. The foundations for COPD have inverse examples
as indicated by the geographic regions. Beforehand COPD was progressively normal in men,
but since of equivalently abnormal amounts of tobacco smoking among ladies in high-
¬income nations, and the higher danger of introduction to indoor air contamination, (for
example, strong fuel utilized for cooking and warming) for ladies in low-income nations, the
ailment presently influences people similarly (Andreeva et al., 2015).
Nursing and Education
Nursing Care
The nursing care for the older people who have co-morbid conditions, the most
important aspect of nursing is to remain alert and progressively cautious for observing the
negative impacts of the risk factors. For instance, there are certain bronchodilators that can
have an negative impact on the patient even if they are working fine with the other patients
The use of strengthening approach is vital for the wellbeing and advancement as well as for
empowering the older people with COPD to have overpower the sickness (Wang, Ni & Liu,
2016). In many cases it has been observed that the treatment of COPD requires numerous
techniques that help the patients to feel relieved and also helps the nurses to make the
intervention of the disease much easier. The objectives of the COPD treatment incorporate
soothing side effects, improving activity resistance and wellbeing status, decreasing the
danger of ailment movement, and counteracting compounding and mortality. Although rules
for the analysis and the board of COPD exist, numerous clinicians and nurses may not be