Dissertation Performance Appraisal
Added on 2019-12-04
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DISSERTATION(To review the effectiveness of performance appraisal inincreasing employee commitment within theorganization: A study on mark and spencer’s)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Writing this dissertation has been an extraordinary journey that ended one chapter in mylife, only to begin another. This journey could never have been completed without the love andsupport of the special people that surround my life. I offer my sincere thanks to my mentor whoguided me while the course of entire study and rectified me at time of faults. Because of him Iwas able to fulfil the objectives of this research work. Again, a big vote of thanks to my familyand friends for providing their kind support to me while the course of entire dissertation. Theirmotivation and support instigated confidence in me to perform this study.
ABSTRACTEmployee commitment to an organization can influence the conditions that are believedto facilitate effective performance appraisal. Performance appraisal is one of the best techniquesthrough which management team of any organization can effectively review and evaluate theperformance of any of their workers. In this regards, the present research is totally based on theeffectiveness of performance appraisal in increasing employee commitment within the Markand Spencer’s. It has been founded that it is highly essential for firms to boost up themotivation level of all their workers so that they can effectively raise their performance andprovide quality services to all the customers. Current performance appraisal technique have alsobeen discussed in the study and identified that M&S carried out an appraisal system at every 12months. At the time of this process, a meeting and discussion held between the staff members aswell as management of company. Effective and best performance appraisal system helps increating committed workforce.For the same, employees of M&S have been asked about their level of commitmenttowards firm due to the better performance appraisal. After appropriate findings and evaluation ithas been concluded that performance appraisal is a source due to which level of employeecommitment might leads to decrease as well as increase. Appraisals are highly interlinked withthe enhanced commitment level of workers. Employees of M&S feel satisfied and perform alltheir tasks more effectively as it boost up their confidence level towards work. Moreover, it hasbeen identified that appraisals and promotions are two most common sources which helps inenhancing employee commitment.
TABLE OF CONTENTSCHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................1Introduction..................................................................................................................................1M&S background.........................................................................................................................2Research Aim and objectives.......................................................................................................2Aim:.........................................................................................................................................2Objectives...............................................................................................................................3Research question........................................................................................................................3Rationale of the study..................................................................................................................3Structure of the dissertation.........................................................................................................3CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW`.......................................................................................5Concept of performance appraisal...............................................................................................5Various performance appraisal techniques that helps in enhancing employee commitment......6Current performance appraisal scheme in M&S.........................................................................9Impact of performance appraisal on employee commitment....................................................10Conceptual framework...............................................................................................................14CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY...........................................................................15Research Approach....................................................................................................................15Research Philosophies...............................................................................................................15Research Design........................................................................................................................16Data collection...........................................................................................................................16Sampling....................................................................................................................................17Research type.............................................................................................................................18Data Analysis.............................................................................................................................18Ethical considerations................................................................................................................19
Reliability and Validity of Data.................................................................................................20CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS & RESULTS..........................................................................21Introduction................................................................................................................................21Analysis.....................................................................................................................................21CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS...................................................30Conclusion.................................................................................................................................30Recommendations......................................................................................................................32REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................34Online........................................................................................................................................36APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................37QUESTIONNAIRE FOR EMPLOYEES OF M&S..................................................................37Summary of the Questionnaire..................................................................................................38
LIST OF FIGURESFigure 1360 Degree Appraisal Process............................................................................................8Figure 2Rating process of performance of workers......................................................................12Figure 3Conceptual framework of the relationship between performance evaluation justice andemployee commitment...................................................................................................................14
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTIONIntroduction In today’s highly competitive environment it is becoming quite essential fororganizations to meet out the needs and desires of their consumers. In order to do so, they mustprovide appropriate training to their workers so that they can perform more effectively.However, there are various ways to improve their performance and motivate them. According toBouskila-Yam and Kluger (2011) performance appraisal is one of the best techniques throughwhich management team of any organization can effectively review and evaluate theperformance of any of their workers. The main purpose of performance appraisal is improvedproductivity. In simple terms, appraisal can be defined as an assessment of individual’sperformance in a systematic way. It is being measured on the basis of different factors such as:knowledge, quality and quantity of output, leadership, abilities, supervision, cooperation,dependability etc. Moreover, it can be determine that with the help of effective performanceappraisal organization can easily increase the staff self-esteem as well as better clarify and definethem job responsibilities and functions (Thurston Jr, and McNall, 2010). Enhanced employeecommitment leads to higher satisfaction of customers. As per the view of Hameed and Waheed (2011) there are various appraisal techniquessuch as ranking, management by objectives (MBO), essay evaluation, checklists, 360 degreeappraisal method, etc. By the way of acquiring one of the best technique organizations can easilyimprove the satisfaction level of workers. It motivates them to give their best towards the workand make their consumers happy. However, evaluating employee performance is quite difficultfor top management staff member (Espinilla and et.al, 2013). The most common objectives ofperformance appraisal are training and development, promotion, salary increment as well asvarious other ways. However, it puts a pressure in workers to perform better so that they arebeing appraised in respect of certain factors and their future also depends on such factors.According to Bernardin and Wiatrowski (2013) employee commitment to an organization caninfluence the conditions that are believed to facilitate effective performance appraisal. In case ofnot having expected appraisal workers do not able to perform their tasks more effectively.Further, it is essential to maintain higher employee commitment so that productivity can beimproved. 1
In this regards, the present research is totally based on the effectiveness of performanceappraisal in increasing employee commitment within the organization. For the same, studytakes place within the retail industry in which Mark and Spencer’s is taken intoconsideration. It is a British multinational retailer of UK and specializes in the selling ofclothing, home products as well as luxury food products. In order to maintain their growthrate it is highly required by them to provide quality services to their loyal consumers. It canbe attained on the basis of enhanced level of motivation of employees. For the same,providing them better rewards for their performance is regarded as one of the best and mosteffective ways of enhanced level of satisfaction. M&S background Mark and Spencer’s are British multinational retailers of UK which mainly servesvarious retailing services. Company was founded by Michael Marks and Thomas Spencer inthe year of 1884. It specializes in the selling of clothing, home products and luxury foodproducts as well. They are transforming become a leading international retailers and wants toalways create their same positive identity in the mind set of customers. They are serving theirbusiness operation over 1,330 stores worldwide and committed to deliver sustainable valuefor all shareholders. M&S is highly focused with offering high quality own brand food aswell as clothing and home products in their stores and online both in the UK andinternationally. They are serving almost 33 million customers throughout their 852 stores and e-commerce platform as well. Moreover, M&S is having their 480 wholly owned or franchisedstores in 59 territories across Europe, Asia and the Middle East. Research Aim and objectives Aim:The present research is based on the technique of performance appraisal through whichorganization can easily enhance their workers commitment level. Moreover, the best ways toimprove the employee commitment is regarded as a performance appraisal technique. For thepresent study, effectiveness of performance appraisal for enhanced employee commitment willbe measured for the Mark and Spencer’s.2
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