Business processes transformation in Small to Medium Enterprises

This dissertation explores the process of business transformation in Small to Medium Enterprises (SMEs), with a focus on the impact of SMEs on the global market and the role of digital technologies in their growth. The case study is based on Angst Supermarket, a food retailer and wholesaler supermarket chain in Romania. The research aims to analyze the characteristics of SMEs and the processes required for them to grow into large-scale businesses. The specific objectives include evaluating the impact of SMEs on the global market, comparing various strategies of business growth, examining website development tools, and creating a website encapsulating information and statistics about SMEs.

DISSERTATION

Table of Contents
TITLE: ............................................................................................................................................1
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................1
1.1 Overview of the Research .....................................................................................................1
1.2 Research Aim ........................................................................................................................1
1.3 Research Objectives ..............................................................................................................2
1.4 Research Questions ...............................................................................................................2
1.5 Rationale of research process.................................................................................................2
1.6 Significance of the study........................................................................................................2
1.7 Scope of research...................................................................................................................3
1.8 Chapter structure....................................................................................................................3
CHAPTER 2 - LITERATURE REVIEW........................................................................................5
2.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................5
2.2 Impact of SMEs on global market.........................................................................................6
2.3 impact of digital technologies on growth of SMEs...............................................................7
2.4 impact on methodologies on SMEs.......................................................................................8
CHAPTER 3: BACKGROUND RESEARCH..............................................................................10
CHAPTER 4: REQUIREMENTS.................................................................................................13
CHAPTER 5: DESIGN..................................................................................................................16
CHAPTER 8: EVALUATION OF PRODUCT...........................................................................18
CHAPTER 9: EVALUATION OF PROCESS..............................................................................21
9.1 Evaluation of SSM...............................................................................................................22
9.2 Different tools that can be used...........................................................................................22
CHAPTER 10: CONCLUSION....................................................................................................24
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................26

TITLE:
Business processes transformation in Small to Medium Enterprises.
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Overview of the Research
Small and Medium size enterprises are refers as the most dynamic and vital aspect of
progress in the contemporary society, the potential generator of economic performance and
substance in any country, employment opportunity provider for the most of population, essential
contributors to the national budget or key to develop the living standard of people. In the modern
business environment competition is so high and in respect to survive and prosper in a
competitive market, small and medium businesses requires to strive for invariant change and
transformation processes. The proper alteration of small and medium size enterprises, it is
required for the firm to consider various aspects like it builds a view of economic environment,
and then focuses on decision making around the key steps of transformation by effectively
managing market opportunities, finances, people, operational procedures, and information and
technology. In today's business scenario the potential motive of each small as well as large
business enterprises is to improvise its business operations in respect to transformation of their
business processes from small to large scale business. In this present investigation work Angst
Supermarket is the chosen organisation. It is a Food retailer & Wholesaler supermarket chain of
around 19 stores in Romania. The company mainly deals in foodstuffs and has variety of
products. The company was established in the year of 1990 and the its headquarter is in Buftea.
The potential motive of the firm is to developing its business operations for the purpose of
transforming its small operations into large scale enterprises. SMEs represent around 99% from
all endeavour, and drawing up the main human resource aggregation. In Romania and other
countries from The European Union, Small and Medium size enterprises performs an influential
role in economic life, having special features that make adaptation process to the knowledge-
based economy easier.
1.2 Research Aim
This recognized as the key aspect of an investigation work as the whole activities of an
investigation is based on the aim of the research. It refers as a predetermined statement in which
the issue is prescribed in clear and concise manner. The potential aim of this research is "To
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analyse the characteristics of a small to medium enterprise and the processes which are needed in
order to grow into a fructuous, large scale business". A case study on Angst Supermarket.
1.3 Research Objectives
The specific objectives of this particular research dissertation are described as under:
 Evaluate the impact of SMEs on the global market.
 Compare various strategies of business growth.
 Examine a multitude of website development tools.
 Create a website, encapsulating information and statistics about SMEs.
1.4 Research Questions
The significant research questions are clearly described as below:
 What is the impact of SMEs on the global market.
 How to Compare various strategies of business growth.
 How to Examine a multitude of website development tools.
 Create a website, encapsulating information and statistics about SMEs.
1.5 Rationale of research process
The research process that is been proposed for the effective planning of the growth
measures to be observed by the organization which will help in suitable handling of the
operations which will lead to growth of an small to medium level enterprise to a large scale
enterprise. The effective measures that are looked after by the management of the supermarket
organization will impact and influence the significant measures which is been taken in
consideration for and effective and significant growth of the enterprise. This will help to drive
the tools and techniques like a web site for the development of supermarket enterprise. The
extensive inclusion of a research methods and carrying out of suitable research on the basis of
these guidelines will help the management of organization to have a great improvement of
business activities and operations which are undertaken by researcher.
1.6 Significance of the study
This study is necessary as it helps in proper planning of service measures which will help
in suitable planning of operations which will help in suitable handling of driving factors which
are undertaken by the organization to have a good control over the operation’s and activities that
are undertaken within the business entity to have a growth on a level of large scale enterprise.
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This will help in suitable rise in operations and functionality of organization. This will help in
significant handling of tools and technologies which will support the retail enterprise to the scale
of large scale enterprise. This will help in suitable planning of the measures which can be taken
in consideration by selected retail enterprise. The report will also help in suitable planning of the
growth measures which will help in significant rise in the operations which will lead to a suitable
planning of operations which will lead to evolving of an SME into a large scale enterprise.
1.7 Scope of research
The present research which is been carried out will not only improve the understanding of
the organization but also the management to have a high level of service measures which are
undertaken in consideration. It supports the development of a significant framework which will
lead to achieve the objectives and aims that are been set within the organization. It will guide the
management of chosen retail enterprise to have a significant growth of enterprise. Besides this,
the development of the operations which are taken in consideration by the retail business firm
will also improve efficiency to meet their customer’s needs. This will lead to a suitable planning
of the growth measures which will help in suitable management of operations which will help in
suitable management of operations. This will lead to a significant rise in activities and utilization
of effective tools and technologies.
1.8 Chapter structure
Effective chapter structure is presented within organisation which will help in improving
the understanding regarding the structure that will be followed for the research process on a
significant level.
Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION:
This will include the brief overview of the research topic and the components or elements
that are going to be included and involved in the research process. The inclusion of research aim
and objectives is been set. Some research questions are developed along with a rationale and
identification of significance of research process which is been carried out by the researcher.
Chapeter2: LITERATURE REVIEW
This will include the proper assessment of various data sources and literatures which will
help in significant rise in understanding of researcher about research title and the components or
attributes that will help in improving insight of a data analyst.
Chapter 3: BACKGROUND RESEARCH
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This will include the processes which will be followed and methods related to research
process which are undertaken that will help in suitable planning of operations in a significant
manner. It supports development of a framework related to research process.
Chapter 4: REQUIREMENTS
It will include the assessment of the components or elements required to carry out the
research process which will help in development of an effective website for organisation.
Chapter 5: DESIGN
This will include the data assessment and evaluation techniques which are undertaken by
the researcher for evaluation purpose.
Chapter 8: EVALUATION OF PRODUCT
This will include critical assessment of product i.e website developed for the retail firm.
Chapter 9: EVALUATION OF PROCESS
This will be based on the outcomes related to testing requirements and meeting them
effectively.
Chapter 10: CONCLUSION
Final summary of the whole research process is presented.
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CHAPTER 2 - LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
Sekaran and Bougie, (2016) says about business and its process. Business is defined as an
organisation where people work for making money. A business is depended on both producers
and consumers. Producers are responsible for manufacturing products and then providing goods
and services to consumers. Another responsibility is to customers for having contact with
producers or retailer for availing goods and services. A business that makes money is against
services that are provided by them. Business derived from word “busy”. It means than a
businessmen keeps them busy in doing things and making profit. A business achieves growth
and success step by step by winning competition and expanding their network.
According to Storey, (2016). its is essential to know about the business process. A
business first starts from identification process where necessary requirements of public are
identified. Then a businessmen prepare their mind for planning to introduce a new company for
fulfilling the demands of customers. They start planning for launching a company start
managing fund for investing in company. They fulfil all legal documents for setting a new
business. If a businessmen do not want to launch a new company, then they can prefer to
improve the existing process of introducing new services to same business. It is also a way of
business to expand and make profit. It just required determination and attentive skills for
businessmen to identify the opportunities and then using them in company's strategies for
winning competition and to have growth and success.
When a business start by a person its said to be a start- up. After a time, it is counted in
SMEs. It stands for small medium enterprises. Hari Srinivas (2013) defines SMEs by saying that
a business which is categorised under some limits but has very great involvement in country's
economy. A business can be classified on three basic terms; number of employees, its annual
sales and assets. Every country has its own criteria for categorisation of company in small,
medium, micro and large companies. A SMEs has employees in between 50 to 250. It do not
make high investment in providing services. They are under their limit. Therefore, their turn over
is limited to € 43 m. It also varies from types of industry and their services. It can also be
understand by three different keywords which deeply defines the SMEs. Keywords are small,
single and local. SMEs is categorized under small nature because it has less number of
employees and limited capital, turn over and assets. Another keyword is single because there are
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some SMEs which are owned, regulated and managed by single person. But this is only some
cases, mostly SMEs have number of employees approx 50. this single keyword can also be fall
for those SMEs which provide single product or single service. Another last keyword is local
where it explains SMEs by their expansion of network. A SMEs work only work for their local
area or can be limited up to district or state. It does not have presence in whole country and no
chance of expansion in other countries. SMEs are said to be local companies.
2.2 Impact of SMEs on global market
According to Bloom and et.al., (2018), those SMEs which takes parts in international
chains referred as multinational SMEs. They depend on foreign subsidiaries for considering
global operations to expand their buying and selling of products. It has been analysed that 8.9 %
small and 11.9 % medium enterprises consider foreign subsidiaries. On the other hand, large
enterprises uses only 25 %. hence, SMEs has more contribution to global economy.
As per view of Hair Jr and et.al., (2015), SMEs work on only local basis. They do not
invest more fund in providing services or introducing new product. They are in limit for fulfilling
customer demands and expectations. But those companies who work on international basis takes
help of SMEs for achieving goals and targets. Multinational companies work in different
countries and it is not necessary that what they are providing services are fully taken by their
own. In those cases, SMEs help them to providing services. For example, companies like
Mcdonald's, a British multinational company which provide food items like burgers and all. But
with that paper napkins are provided to customers. It is necessary for Mcdonalds to give contract
to any SMEs which can make paper napkins in less cost. In this example, it can bee seem that
SMEs have indirect contribution on global market.
Hillary, (2017) stated about SMEs involvement in globalization and economy growth.
SMEs generally focused on only local markets but they are aware about the international market
and their profitability. Small medium enterprises has innovative ideas and have more time on
researching and development unit but they do not have sufficient fund. Therefore, they contact
with large enterprises for making profit through their ideas and procedures. They search their
scope at local, regional, national and international level. As SMEs are close to customers as
compared to large enterprises, therefore, they help more to large producers for making profit. In
this, they have indirect relation to global market.
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2.3 impact of digital technologies on growth of SMEs.
Zhou, (2016) says about the advantages of digital technologies that are used in SMEs.
Technological is advanced application of knowledge that put in action. It made the process
easier, convenient and efficient for engineers and managers. They can me sure the effectiveness
fast and get instant results. Digital technologies helps SMEs to bring more customers and make
profitability. SMEs owner can contact to customers online and solve their queries either through
mail or chat. Technologies also help them to keep their data safe and private. There are such
advanced technologies present in world which can easily handle the data of SMEs for longer
time.
As per view of Majid and et.al., (2017) social media is an active source for SMEs to
expand their marketing area. Even it has been evaluated that 96 % SMEs uses social media
marketing strategies. Facebook is one of the social sites where all most 70 % of public are
connected through it. SMEs see this a an opportunity for them to aware them about their offers
and discounts made on products and services. It is helpful for those cases also in which SMEs
want to introduce new products. It is beneficial for both existing and new ones. It is a solution
approach for SMEs for achieving customers and to bring more customers.
According to Foghani, Mahadi and Omar, (2017), website digital technology is one of the
vest technology which clear all the queries of customers. Websites is the official platform of
specific SMEs where they provide information about their products and services in detail. When
public search on internet about the particular idea or SMEs, it leads to their official website
which makes easy for customers to have contact with managers and other employees of
enterprises.
Bloom and et.al., (2018) stated about cloud computing digital technologies for SMEs.
Cloud computing is an practice of storing data on a single platform for longer time. SMEs also
has branches in same city, therefore, its become important to have a single platform where all
employees can access and store information regularly so that they do not face some problems in
the future for checking any data at any branch. After the use of cloud technology, it has been
evaluated that it effects on 1.5 multiplier time in production improvement and rising profitability.
It helps them to have competitive advantage to make strategies and implementing it.
On the other hand Foghani, Mahadi and Omar, (2017) states about the cost that is
increasing because of implementing digital technologies. While doing paid advertisement on
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social media and official websites, it takes creative ideas and costs that it put in making
advertisements and then posting on favorite pages of public. New technologies also makes
employees lazy and dependent on internet only in researching and marketing. They loose their
potential in manual work and decreases their capability as time releases.
2.4 impact on methodologies on SMEs
According to Zhou, (2016), Dwindle Checkland's Soft Systems Methodology which is
used to model business process. This methodology is developed by Peter Checkland which is
refereed to generally solving problems and handling and managing changes in enterprises. It is
especially beneficial for complex situations in deriving solutions and defining the views. It is
based on a healthy discussion with all team members in organization. It includes a 7 step model
which helps SMEs in product and services development. These steps leads to identify efficient
steps and changes that can improve the existing process and to solve the complex problems. In
this method, there is one more profit where each employee get a chance to show their abilities
and talent in achieving business objectives. Zhou, (2016) also evaluates about there is a step in
this model in which basic definitions in organisation are formulated by CATWOE elements. This
CATWOE refers to customers. Actors, transformation, world view, owners, and environmental
constraints.
Wilson and Van Haperen, (2015) states about the learning through soft system
methodology. This SSM is refereed as one of the best learning system where efficient actions
advice under conflicting views. Learning refer a new direction which helps to broad the view that
is made for making changes and implementing solutions. Another aspect of SSM is to have
participative process which helps to gain knowledge through debates. SSM needs a system
thinking participation and involvement in activities which can explore the problems efficiently
and effectively. Debate gives the different views and ideas for making changes for improvement
in development of products and services for SMEs. It is a soft skills which helps in transforming
complex situation into easy situation. Objectives are defined at the hard level but this
methodology makes them soft and easy for participants.
On the other hand Radović-Marković and Tomaš, (2019), listed about the analysed model
that are used for modelling. There are three models which generally focus on modification and
reinvention. The first model refers to identification process where they search about clients,
problem domain and the owners of problem. Second model refers to problems situations that are
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focussed on values socially and systematically. Different social view points are considered under
this method for providing solutions to problems for development in SMEs. This shows that
evaluation of problems situations are very important for making improvement and profitability.
Then the last and third method refers to the analysing through political views on problems. It
analyses the reason for decomposing of power. This helps to obtain political solutions and also to
get to know the procedure for obtaining power. Even it also gives information about the passing
on procedure of power.
According to Strang, (2019), there is one more methodology for product development,
structured system analysis and design method (SSADM). This methodology refers to a approach
which is used for analysing and designing the information system. It is based on a waterfall
model which is generally a life cycle which starts from study of feasibility to designing
physically. It is a step by step procedure which provide clear understanding of different
representations that are viewed diagrammatically. In this methodology, first model which is
developed is data model. It is consisted of different stages that are well defined. In this, three
different modelling are computed i.e., logical, data flow and entry behaviour modelling. In these
tree modelling types, identification and documentation is carried out for SMEs which is a IT
system process which helps in improvement.
Bishev and Boskov, (2016) stated about the modules of SSADM. These modules are
further separated to stages, tasks and steps. First stage is of feasibility study in which different
business areas are analysed for determining the costly nature of system that can fulfil the needs
of SMEs. Next stage is of identifying and analysing requirements that are need of SMEs for
making profitability. It analyse the business environment which carried out different structural
data. Next stage is know the specification of requirements that define the existing process. In this
both functional and non functional data requirements are analysed. Next step is to specify the
logical system that has been used for improvement process. It updates the logical design
procedure. Now last stage is to implement basic deign in terms of physical means by the analysis
of logical designs and technical data system.
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CHAPTER 3: BACKGROUND RESEARCH
This includes the systematic plan for conducting the proper research regarding the
development of the business process transformation in small medium enterprise (Rodriguez-
Sanchez, Williams, and Brotons, 2019). This research has been done by various different types
of data collection techniques in order to determine the actual results and outcome of developing a
effective software for the organisation. Research methodology is a systematic plan for
conducting a plan. Researchers draw a variety of approaches to analyse and collect the
information from various sources. Basically it is the process which is used to collect information
and data for the purpose of developing the software for the small and medium organization. This
research has been used to collect the primary source of data from the stakeholders of the
company in order to determine the needs and requirements for the software development..
Background Research usually refers to a feasibility study which is mainly used to collect all
relevant prior research which supports the current research questions. The background study is a
compilation of sufficient information based on the analysis of the proposed argument or
problems and it also helps in analysing the design and implementation of feasible solutions and
the results achieved. There are various methods which helping in solving the the problem related
to the main purpose of the research.
As Small to medium enterprise are facing lot of challenges with the significant pressure
to implement the cost effective solutions in the form of effective transformation of business
processes (Chen, 2018). This report will present a brief theoretical aspect which will help the
company in creating a plan to improve the challenges faced by the organization. From designing
and blue print of the software to the final implementation and testing of the business process
model, all the stages will be determined in this project. In order to develop a effective solution in
the form of business process transformation. First the requirements are properly analysed and
challenges were determined to improve the system. This assessment will provide various
guidelines and views of the stakeholders to improve and optimise the business transformation
process for SME. In this research, various things has been identified which are aimed at
improving the process integration in order to streamline the information flow and communication
between various department of the organization.
Moreover, three main methodologies are used such as Soft system methodology which
scrutinized the utilization of hard frameworks thinking about the certifiable circumstances which
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allows the learning procedure which is included in enquiry procedures (Thahir, Roza and Murni,
2018). SSM system methodology is an approach to an business process modelling and it can be
used for both general problem solving in the change. This system analysis and designing method
is widely computer application development method. Also in order to collect the data regarding
the development of the business process model within SME. There are two types of data
sampling requirements such as client side requirements and customer requirements of the
company.
Data collection
Data collection is the process of gathering and measuring the data and information in a
standardised and established manner that enables the collector to answer or test hypothesis and
evaluate the outcomes of the particular collection (Pradana and Ichsan, 2018). There are two
types of data collection techniques which helps in collecting the data and identifying the
outcomes. Data collection can be in the form of primary data collection and secondary data
collection. Primary data is the source of the data which is directly collected by the researcher. In
this research, primary data collection technique which is mainly used by the researcher to
directly collect the data from clients and customers in order to determine the users requirement in
developing a software. Primary data in this research is collected through distribution of
questioners which helps in identifying the users requirements.
The questionnaire is circulated with 10 stakeholders of the company. This research carry
out the questionnaire from total 20 people. Among total respondents, there are 10 clients who
will represent the requirements of the business in transforming the business process model within
the company. Although, there re 10 customer respondents among total 20 who helps in analysing
the customer requirements in order to improve the efficiency and functioning of the
organization. A survey is held in which Questionnaire is prepared collect the views and opinions
of the people and then researcher will got know about the issues and challenges in the existing
Business process model of the company and various requirements to improve the software
(Soegoto and Oktady, 2018). A survey is made in which the questionnaire is distributed to all the
group of people who were selected for the survey and the people in this group is randomly
selected for their opinions regarding the business process transformation within the organization.
Sampling
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Sampling is the method of selecting a particular group to represent the entire population
of the company. Sampling methods are majorly divided into two categories such as probability
sampling and non probabilistic sampling (Ratna, Heru and Anggita, 2018). Here, in this research
probabilistic sampling is performed in order to determine the data regarding the development of
the business process model and its requirements from the clients point of view. Probabilistic
sampling is a sampling technique in which the subjects of the population an equal opportunity to
be selected as a representative sample. In this simple Random sampling technique id used for
which allows the data collection from the fixed and known which provides the unbiased data.
Sampling is the method of taking and collecting the software requirements from the clients and
customers.
Ethics
During the data collection from various clients and customer, there are various ethical
concerns need to be considered. Such ethics includes the consent of the those people who are
involved in data collection. So researcher need to take the permission of those people before
collecting their views and opinions regarding (Emidy and et.al., 2018). Also this ethical practice
ensures the proper knowledge about the aim and objective to carry out this study. Users who
agreed upon giving their opinions and views on the same need to be ensured about the their data
privacy. During the data collection technique, the Researcher need to maintain the respect and
dignity of the respondents. Also, in this research privacy is one of the important ethical challenge
which need to be considered by the researchers is privacy of the data provided by the
respondents. It is very important to adhere to ethical principles in order to protect the dignity,
rights and welfare of the research participants. During the research, researcher need to ensure
proper information to all the participants who are involved in sharing their views and opinions
regarding the development of the software. Research ethics govern the standards of conduct for
scientific researchers.
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CHAPTER 4: REQUIREMENTS
During Business process transformation in small and medium company, various different
types of requirements can be identified from different perspectives. One of the major
requirement during the development of this software is end users and application users who are
engaged in using such systems in order to improve the main operation of the company (Chen
and Lin, 2018). Also Business process transformation (BPT) is a term that describes the act of
radically changing series of actions required to meet the specific business goals. The
requirements of the system helps in analysing the client and customer requirement that helps in
identifying the main functionality of the web sites and software. Business process transformation
within SME involves an examination of the steps required to achieve a specific goal in an efforts
to remove duplicate or unnecessary steps and automate as many actions as possible. Compliance
regulations as well as changes in the economy, often derive business process transformation.
Moreover, there is a huge requirement for the researcher to identify the processes, vision
and main vision of developing such software and employing the effective website for the
company. Also, in order to create a proper network for the effective communication there is a
one of the important requirement which is Domain name, Business Email address, Website
Template design, hosting Logo design etc (Sravani, Malarvezhi and Dayana, 2018). In order to
provide proper user interface, CSS ans HTML tags are used which helps in developing the user
layout. Different requirements included in development of the business process transformation
for the Small and medium organizations are described below:
Identify the goals of transformation
These requirements has been identified by analysing the issues and challenges which are
currently need to be eliminated. To overcome such issues, a new software development need to
be employed within the organization which helps in improving the efficiency and productivity of
the company. In this research it is identified that there is a lack of efficiency and coordination
between different departments of the Small medium company (Ferraris, Fernandez-Gago and
Lopez, 2018). So in order to promote the communication and increase the efficient of the
operation within the business, there are various requirements which are identified by the software
developers.
Application requirements
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To develop the web site and dedicated software for the company, it is very important to
analyse the automated tool and application. As this project will help in business process
transformation for small medium enterprise so company need to employ cost effective automated
applications which will help in maintaining day to day transactions of the business (Ferraris,
Fernandez-Gago and Lopez, 2018). For this there is a huge requirement to for the development
of the Transaction processing system within the organisation which ensures the proper
maintained of the transaction within the business. Application requirements are the most
important requirements of the organization which helps in analysing the main functionalities of
the company. In order to make the web site attractive, t here is a need to create high-quality
images for website which can be created with the help of image editor tools. Some of the
important requirements which are needed by the web designer's is the proper skills among the
professional designer to make the web page more attractive. The user interface is one of the
important aspect which helps in effective interaction of the system with the managers. These UI
are mainly created to prevent the naïve users from analysing the internal and programming and
complexions behind such systems. Also it is required for the developers to identify the main user
interface as there are various different types of UI are present such as Responsive design,
Graphic design Adobe animation etc. al these designing tools will helps web developers and
software developers in meeting the main requirements of the company.
functional requirements
Functional requirements are those which are related to the technical functionalities of the
system. These requirements ensures the functionality of the system within the firm which helps
in explaining that helps in describing that quality attributes for the system. In software
engineering and system engineering, a functional requirements defined as a specification of a
system or its components where the function if described as a specification of the behaviour.
Function requirements mainly specify the particular result of the system. Also, in order to
improve the efficiency of the business, a DSS (Decision support system) is used for making
situational decisions for the company and creating the effective strategies within SME.
Moreover, in order to provide the connectivity to the systems which are created in the
organization Java script is used for establishing the interconnectivity within the system. Also
there are various resource requirement for software developers as well as Gantt Project which
helps the developer in planing the schedule and time limit for the software development to meet
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its functional requirements. For establishing the connectivity between every workstation of the
employees and each department (Ferraris, Fernandez-Gago and Lopez, 2018). It is required to be
connected with each other via using a proper networking devices. It is used to improve the
communication and enhance the productivity within the organization. For establishing the
connectivity of the system within the company to the main server, Java script is used in this
research.
Non functional requirements
Non functional requirements are those which specifies the criteria that can be used to
judge the operations of the system in a particular conditions rather then specific behaviour. These
requirements are related with the quality attributes such as performance, security, usability,
compatibility etc. these requirements are not basically included in the features of the system but
these all can be considered as a characteristics (Sravani, Malarvezhi and Dayana, 2018). Also
the software which is developed need to be accurate. In order to check the accuracy and
functionality of the software, implementation and testing is held to check the main requirements
of the users. The testing includes the black box testing white box testing, unit testing, integration
testing. HTML and CSS are the two main types of designing software which allows web
developers to implement the effective web site of the company which includes the attractive and
interactive web pages. This helps in establishing the good customer relationship and good design
of the web sites are responsible for the improved customer relationship. Hence, the effective
design of the software and web site of the company helps in maximising the customer approach
and result in increased sales of the organisation. Developers tests the stress level of the software
so it helps developer in meeting the user requirements.
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CHAPTER 5: DESIGN
In order to develop a web site for the Small medium company various tools has been used
to create the design for the web application. In designing of the website, various programming
languages and applications are used for creating the attractive and interactive layout for the end
users. For the development of the web pages, HTML is heavily used for creating the pages
interactive and attractive. The web pages which are created using the Hyper Text Markup
Language helps in displaying the web site on World wide web. These pages are mainly created
for the user interface in which people cannot find complexities in communicating with the web
site of the company. Html is basically coded with the help of the Tags which are double sided
tags However, CSS (Cascading Style sheets) is an another designing tool which helps in making
the web page interactive. By using the properties of CSS in HTML, the designing of the web
page is made which allows the naïve users for the effective interaction with the web site.
The design included in the development of the Notepad++ is Tags for HTML and CSS.
This is mainly used for the designing purpose and helps the web designers in making the
attractive web pages and taking the proper inputs from the users (Caldera, Desha and Dawes,
2018). Also Micro Soft power point is used for in displaying the main features and
characteristics of the system and its application. This PowerPoint consists of slides which can be
helpful for the employees and all the staff members in order to understand the functionalities and
operational functioning of the system and website. This presentation will allow the staff
members of the company to properly understand the new technology within the company.
The design of the the website within the small medium company also includes use of the
Microsoft Word which helps in formulating the information within the company. This use of the
Microsoft Word helps the web developer in describing the brief view about the functionalities
which are employed within the development. The formulation of the word document will allow
the all the staff members of the company to understand the the uses of the these websites and
software so that it can be properly executed within the organization.
Main tools which helped in designing of the web sites and web pages are described below:
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Although, Web designing is the process of creating the websites which encompasses of many
different skills and disciplines in the production and maintenance of the websites. The different
areas of the Web design includes Web graphics, interface design, authoring, including
standardised code and proprietor software. It also allows the staff members of the organization in
user experience and search engine optimisation.
Web graphics: This is commonly considered as user interface design which is mainly designed
for the users such as login pages, the over view of the web site which contains the information
about the company. Basically, it can be categorised in
Interface design
Web pages: there are two types of designs involved in creating the web pages for the
organization. It may be dynamic web pages or static web pages (Caldera, Desha and Dawes,
2018). Dynamic web pages are dynamically created and are called at the time when user asks for
such information whereas static web pages are those which consists of static web pages and such
web pages cannot be changed when user changes the request. In this report there is a requirement
to create the dynamic web pages which can be called at the time when user wants to input or
access the information. Also, there are two types of the web sites such as responsive and non
responsive which helps in interacting with the user according to the instructions and commands
programmed within the software and web site designing.
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CHAPTER 8: EVALUATION OF PRODUCT
It is evaluating the requirement of product such as website development for retail
enterprises. It has required to plan a strategies to identify the need and requirement of business.
Web application is becoming the increasingly enterprise critical and this would be reflected in
the retail business. Website development is the most effective strategies in the business
development which useful for consumer because it help the people to check the details of
services. Many people has a thoroughly pre analysis the resulting through the documents. It
collected the most appropriate requirement for website design (Barhatov, Campa and Pletnev,
2018). The designer and developer are informed that site should contain signals the attitude of
retail business. The developer found to use the system analysis and design method to develop the
website application. Sometimes, the limited knowledge of products caused the frustration which
involved groups and not only developers. They were found the SDM Method that easier to
implement the system in the product. It is usually used and information architects in the system
application. It also encountered the problem and issues in product development through skill or
knowledge. Consequently, it designer can redesign the part of information architects and
resulting in the new design of web application of user interface.
SDM method is involved the creation of new graphic designs and also used the different
tools or platforms to manage the development process. It is very important for retail business to
develop new application that collect all necessary information regarding products, services,
consumer details, purchasing , delivery etc. the main purpose of retail business to promote their
services and signalize the value or high quality of products (Formánková and Ryglová, 2018).
To achieve this thing and make all the necessary hardware or programming to control the overall
product in proper manner. Website development is the most critical part of retail business and
also reflected in the approaches or SDM methodologies applied in it. As per interview, it
observed that there are many consumer use the website to purchase the products through online
mode. Designer is publishing the information about the products and their services on the
website. After publishing the website, retail enterprise were taken review through the client
those who are using the website. It analysed that website is driven by the technology with high
quality of innovation settings. In parallel with move towards the more technology such as PHP,
CSS etc. these are interactive concept to design more dynamic website and represented in the
front of client because a user can give their own experience regarding the website operations,
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functions, layout and their design pattern. This website help for improve the overall functionality
of retail business through the new technology and approach. It has expected to see a shift
towards the more technology pull approach where need and requirement of website. It help to
overcome the challenges faced at the time of website development and their functionality.
The developer has a play important role to be involved and their responsibilities or
interaction must outline the much better approach. It has observed that there are large number
of attempt to apply new methodologies and techniques for solving the problem relating the
website development (Jiménez and Zheng, 2018). A better understanding of the specific
requirement of website development that knowledge about the programming language. Before
designing the website, it observed that there are problem arises due to the complex processing
and lost of skill in formal modelling or specifications. However the system become more
complex and it is difficult to give the accurate solution that not involving the structure
formulation.
On the other hand, Prototyping and iterations might not so useful either in order to cope
with the characteristics of dynamic website. In afterwards, it might to be considered all the
challenges in methodology and approach where how to organize the website development in
proper manner. The developer to handle the process effectively and efficiently. It also
understand that what roles and competencies are needed in the management of website.
This website is a combination of projects goals and expected results drive through the
specific strategic decision of web design and their content. It has analysed the attractive by
using search engine optimization technique (Caldera, Desha and Dawes, 2018). It is increasing
the number of visitor and obtain the highest ranking on internet. The website can implement or
choose the interactive content structure to provide the information and also maintain the
structure towards the goals of visitors.
Website design structure set up by the wireframe that may define the usability and content
layout. The developer always maintain the structure of website design layout which is the most
important part in terms of drive the visitor conversions. Website design reflect the brand essence
in global marketplace. The retail enterprise has testing the website and determine that how
many consumer visit the site and operates. In this way, it has analysed the specific feedback
regarding the website functionality.
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Apart from the changes in the website, it has involves the user in the project and also
indicated that the developer may shift in to another methodologies. As per project development,
it have also indicated that website system contain the information and developed by designer
those who are much knowledge about the technical skill or knowledge. It has major change
occurs in the approaches, tools , platforms and methodologies etc. The designer can use the
technique to introduce the new dynamic website and also resolve the critical usage of
enterprise . New software development approach server the problem that's why, it applied the
new competencies to collaborate with the system therefore, tools and platforms are shifting
extremely fast in the web development. As per analysis, it has evaluating that designer overcome
the challenges that faced by the user during business process system so that it is converting the
advancement of new approaches where they were supporting the dedicated need of enterprise.
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CHAPTER 9: EVALUATION OF PROCESS
Self evolution is important for enterprise to check all the availability, resources which
required for the system. It has needed for retail online enterprise to handle all the functionality in
proper manner. It has implementing the test method which is major part of website because it
help to analyse the identify the need and requirement. The designer has used the web testing
software to test the overall functionality of website. It is necessary part of organization that make
sure that the web based system is properly or not. Test and evaluation is a method by which
system and components are compared with the other requirement or specification through
testing. Web based testing is creating a test plan to identify the potential bugs before its made
live. It also moves into the production environment (Martinez-Caro and et.al., 2018). At the time
of execution, it is considered the web application security, functioning of site and it easily access
to the handicapped or regular users. It has performed the functionality to check the traffic level.
Sometimes, it causes of system failure when the large number of visitor operate a site at same
time. In this way, it has followed the testing technique to check the web pages, database
connection, forms and other submitting or getting information from the user. This testing is
checking the outgoing links from all the pages to the specific domain under the test. At last, it
including the checks for broken links in all above mentioned links. The process of website
depend on the platform that plays important role because they can manage the overall
performance of business.
After the self evaluation, it has concluded that the client easily understand the design and
operates in proper manner. The developer always remembers to design the website in user
friendly when the client can use them. It has the simplest structure and menu type where
consumer easily check the information about the products and their services. It is the most
appropriate concept when designer has needed to self evaluate the functionality and identify that
how it is running or not properly (Park and et.al., 2018). Self evaluation has been done through
optimize the website for the search engine then validation in appropriate manner. The site has a
different type of HTML Syntax that shows the error during the functionality of website. In this
way, The designer or employee can access the usability and handling the task by using the
testing process in effective ways.
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9.1 Evaluation of SSM
Soft system methodology is chosen as the method in this development report which
identifies the solutions for the problems that are arise during the process of developing website.
It has been evaluated that optimal system design is used during the whole analysis process. In the
development of root definitions, CATWOE is found to be most effective tool that is used for
analysis of problems in detail (Ahmad, Ahmad and Bakar, 2018). Website is developed for
making more customers and to have good interaction with customers. It has been also evaluated
that website is main platform where customers can directly access to producers and owners and
clear their doubts. SMEs want growth. So this procedure for considering SSM methodology is
found to be effective.
It also increases the interest of participants in improving their work performance and for
transforming SMEs to large enterprises. In drawing conceptual models, it is effective in
monitoring and controlling procedure for website development. Website development consists of
different stages where identification is needed to be done first (Tajvidi and Karami, 2017).
Therefore, this methodology is effective in identifying the requirements for SMEs that are
needed for transforming. this website development also goes through different stages which
needs searching for language, programming, logical data, images, color contrast and all. This
selection criteria is also evaluated to be effective by this SSM process because of the analysis of
both problems and solutions.
9.2 Different tools that can be used
In website designing and development, other than CSS, JAVA, HTML, different
technologies like visual studio, XAMPP and WAMP can be used. Visual studio is based on
integrated development environment. It is a programming application which is used for deigning
websites, mobile apps, web services. It is written in C++ and C#. in existing procedure, designers
face problems in managing codes. This visual studio tool for programming makes this easy for
designers and developers to editing codes. It woks as both debugger for both source level and
machine level. It designs website in such a manner that dragging and dropping becomes easy for
user. It supports HTML, java and CSS. There is also a MVC technology that is used for
ASP.NET. This is beneficial for accessing and manipulating data.
Another tool is XAMPP which is a web server solution platform developed by Apache
friends. This makes easy for user to set a command in which starting and stopping process is also
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easy to handle with consideration of web server and database. It is also evaluated that XAMPP is
portable which is beneficial for designer to carry anywhere this web server connector. In the
errors of PHP which are occurred, XAMPP is efficient for debugging procedure (Bocconcelli
and et.al., 2018).
Another tool is WAMP that is also used for web server connection. All website need a
server for running in all over the world. On a single server many users put uses websites at the
same time. It is a easier approach for user to use this. It makes easy for designers to do
formatting in codes of PHP. It is available in both 64 bit and 32 bit which is beneficial for storing
and accessing data (Bourletidis and Triantafyllopoulos, 2014).
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CHAPTER 10: CONCLUSION
This report summarized about the web site development process for a retail company
which wants to be transformed from SMEs to large enterprise. It has been analyzed that SMEs
has more contribution in growth of global economy. Small and medium enterprises are more in
numbers compared to large enterprises. This report researched a literature review which analyze
the different methodologies, impacts, different digital technologies which is beneficial for
expansion of marketing network. Business process is introduced in literature review in which it
has been evaluated that identification of requirements is must for every expansion. Without
knowing requirements of public and enterprise,no unit can be developed. Managing fund is also
analyzed as one of the factor in transforming because for making changes and improvement,
money is invested. There is no guarantee to have a profit always. A business has both factors;
profit and loss.
Now another impact of SMEs on global market is researched in which it was known that
SMEs have a knowledge of international market but work on local basis only. They work as
background image for large business enterprise unit because big companies take help of SMEs
for achieving their order and making it attractive. Another theme is analyzed as impact of digital
technologies on SMEs. In this, website, social media and cloud computing technology is
analyzed as one of the information system technology that makes the existing process easier to
handle. Therefore, designers and developers chooses web site developing technology for retailer
industry because it is analyzed as one of the single official platform where customers can directly
contact with producer, owners and marketers. They get instant reply for their queries which
makes them satisfied and leads to positive feedback fro bringing more customers. Next reporters
researched about the methodology that can used for testing purpose. SSM and SSADM
methodology are found in which solutions are identified for problems in systematic manner.
SSM is described as a 7 step model which works on CATWOE elements in which this stands for
customers, actors, transformation, worldwide, owners and environmental constraint. These six
elements are found to be effective for making website developing efficient.
Then, another analysis is done of background research where it has been found that cost
making challenges are faced by SMEs in transformation of business process. In website
designing and development process, implementation and testing are analyzed as challenges that
need guidelines for improvement process. Now another factor come is of data collection.
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Primary data collection method is adopted in which a questionnaire made which is based on 10
stakeholders of SMEs. Some ethical concerns are also considered under in collecting data from
clients and customers. One of the ethical practice was of full knowledge about the aims and
objectives than giving any judgments over any view.
Then, another chapter said about the requirements that need in transforming business
process. Requirements that are analyzed and found to be important are end users and application
users. They are responsible for making improvement in operations of company. DSS is found to
be functional requirement which stands for decision support system for managers. It is helpful in
implementing effective strategies for the business transformation process. Other non functional
requirements are analyzed for testing and evaluation purpose. It is helpful in improving
performance of changes that are made.
Another important chapter came is of designing. For business transformation, web site
designing is used as a chosen methodology. In the designing of web site, three programming
tools used are used; HTML, CSS and PHP. HTML is found to be user friendly approach for both
users and designers. It is found to be basic technology for developing website. For advance
involvement, PHP and CSS are used for having effective and efficient interaction in web site.
At last, evaluation of product and evaluation of process is done in which different tools
are also analyzed that can make easier for designers and developers to handle the complexities
that are faced under existing process. XAMPP, WAMP and visual studio are analyzed as other
tools that can be used as an alternative option.
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