Use of Technology in Project Life Cycle Management: UAE Construction Industry Perspective

This dissertation explores the use of technology in project life cycle management in the construction industry, with a focus on the UAE. It examines the concept of project life cycle management and the various technologies used for effective project management. The study aims to analyze the benefits and challenges associated with the use of technology in the construction industry and recommend ways to overcome these challenges.

Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................1
Background.............................................................................................................................1
Aim and objectives.................................................................................................................2
Significance of the study........................................................................................................3
Rationale.................................................................................................................................3
Structure of Dissertation.........................................................................................................3
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW.........................................................................................5
2.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................5
2.2: To understand the concept of project life cycle management.........................................5
2.3 : Use of various technologies in the Life cycle management within construction industry
for effective managing of project...........................................................................................7
2.4 Benefits and challenges associated with usage of technology within construction industry.
..............................................................................................................................................10
2.5 Conclusion......................................................................................................................13
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY...........................................................................14
3.1 Introduction....................................................................................................................14
3.2 Research type..................................................................................................................14
3.3 Research approach..........................................................................................................14
3.4 Research philosophy.......................................................................................................15
3.5 Research design..............................................................................................................15
3.6 Data collection................................................................................................................16
3.7 Sampling.........................................................................................................................16
3.8 Data analysis...................................................................................................................17
3.9 Ethical consideration......................................................................................................17
3.10 Research limitation.......................................................................................................18
3.11 Conclusion....................................................................................................................18
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................19

Topic: Use of technology in Project life cycle Management: UAE Construction Industry
Perspective
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Background
In the era of digitization, each and every sector is focused upon different techniques in
order to meet the set task within specified tenure. In the same way, technologies are also used in
construction industry in every phase of project life cycle management (Taofeeq, Adeleke and
Hassan, 2019). Use of technologies is better within construction industry because there is a lack
of communication and collaboration between designers and constructors etc. Hence, to minimize
such key issues within construction industry, Virtual Prototyping technology is used, it is a
computer aided design process which concerned with construction of digital mock up and
realistic graphical simulation that address issues related to layout, operational concept etc. On
the other side, for managing project in better manner, Artificial intelligence (AI) and Machine
Learning are also used that assist to make better decision and also increase productivity and
reduce the chances of risk as well.
Thus, AI also improve worker productivity by minimize the amount of time wasted
moving about construction site to retrieve tools etc. Hence, workers are also tracked by using
smartphones, along with this industry also uses sensor on material as well as equipment in order
to track the movement of things in sites (Ali and et.al, 2020). In addition to this, deep learning
algorithms are also used to identify and report errors in work performed. Thus, it is clearly
examined that there are range of technologies available within construction industry that assist to
managing the life cycle of projects.
Apart from this, in construction industry, safety issues are handled at priority and for that
Virtual reality (VR) supported and also workers could get exposure to environment. While on
the other side, VR simulators are also used in order to provide enough training to different
workers in order to perform the work at their best. In addition to this, Building Information
Modeling (BIM) is also considered another best technology which incorporates digital
representation of building in 3D models to facilitate better collaboration among all stakeholders.
Thus, this can lead to better design and share to each and every member of team and project
manager keep updating with regard to changes. This clearly reflect technology plays an
important role in construction industry (Shurrab, Hussain and Khan, 2019).
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The UAE construction industry regained growth from 2017 with an output of 3.9% and it
is also analyzed that the industry is increases its growth from next 5 years because of various
projects. Such that the building construction industry in United Arab Emirates is expected to
record a CAGR of 8.8% to reach approximately 248 billion by 2024 (UAE Construction industry
Databook series, 2020). Though it is analyzed that due to COVID- 19, the performance of
construction industry is degraded from but it is expected to grow in next few years because
government invest lot in order to take an industry back on track. Moreover, the industry is grown
in both sectors i.e. private and public and it is analyzed that in 2021 it is grown by 3.8%. Also,
as per the statistics generated in 2018, it is analyzed that there are around 7 million employees
engage within this industry which clearly reflected that industry share its part in the growth of
GDP or economy. Also, there are many plans or commercial projects which needs to be
completed which will further help in sustaining elevated growth rates as well (Le, Tran and
Tam, 2018).
Aim and objectives
Aim: “To examine the use of technology in project life cycle management in construction
industry: A study on UAE Construction Industry.
Objectives: To understand the concept and the stages of project life cycle management To analyze different technologies used in Life cycle management in construction
industry for managing projects. To identify the benefits and challenges associated with usage of technology within
construction industry. To recommend the ways through which challenges can be overcome with regard to
technologies in construction industry.
Research Questions:
 What do you understand by project life cycle management?
 What are the different technologies used in construction industry for managing projects.?
 What are the benefits and challenges associated with usage of technology within
construction industry?
 What are the ways through which challenges can be overcome with regard to
technologies in construction industry?
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Significance of the study
Study on this topic will help construction industry to analyze different technologies
which in turn leads to successfully met the project's aim. Further, the study will help other
scholars when they also conduct the study related to similar topic. Also, the study helps
construction industry in order to determine different technologies like Virtual Prototyping
technology, VR and AI that assist industry to take better decision and lead an industry towards
growth.
Rationale
The reason for choosing the specific topic is such that in this modern era, every company
and sector needs advance technology which in turn leads to manage the project. In the same
way, current study is also focused upon different technologies which are used in construction
industry in order to manage the project life cycle management. Further, there are many issues
which manager faces while developing project and that is why, by analyzing different
technologies used in construction management the issues are minimized up to some level. Thus,
conducting study on this topic will help the reader and scholar to gain knowledge and analyze
how different technologies supported or benefited the project in successful manner.
Structure of Dissertation
Chapter 1: Introduction
It is the first chapter of dissertation which provides an overview and background of the
study. Further it also highlights the research aim, objectives and questions which need to be
addressed through this investigation. Also, this section also describes the reason behind
conducting the study and determine the significance as well.
Chapter 2: Literature review
Second chapter of dissertation in which brief thesis will be prepared by doing critical
evaluation of a topic by using books, Journals and scholarly articles. This chapter is considering
one of the most important chapter within a dissertation because it provides a critical evaluation
of the themes and this in turn helps to determine the results in better manner.
Chapter 3: Research Methodology
This chapter provides the methods through which the results are generated and for that
research type, approach, philosophies, data collection, sampling and analysis method are used.
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Therefore, this chapter present the tools which in turn assist in investigation issue in the best
possible way.
Chapter 4: Findings
The fourth chapter of dissertation which is highly important because it entails the results
derived through research. So, in this chapter the themes and graphs will be prepared on the basis
of responses gather through primary investigation.
Chapter 5: Discussion
Fifth chapter of dissertation in which scholar supported the responses through literature
review and this assist to determine the actual results and answer the research questions as well.
Chapter 6: Conclusion and Recommendations
Final chapter which highlights summary that derived through investigation and also
conclusion will be drawn by taking into account research aim and objectives. Along with this,
different ways are also presented pertaining to technology within construction industry are
recommended in near future that will assist to enhancing organizational performance.
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CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
Literature review is considered to be as a narrative review which is useful in effectively
representing the current knowledge which mainly comprise of the key substantive findings. It is
referred to as a specific survey associated with the research questions. Literature review helps in
gaining viewpoints of various google scholars and helps in gaining in- depth degree of
knowledge related with the subject matter. This section of the study helps in developing the key
theoretical framework and also helps in identifying the gaps associated with the study. This
chapter of the dissertation provides both supportive as well as the argumentative approach to the
same theme and research questions. It helps in gaining in better in- sight related with the subject
matter. However, literature review is considered to be as the key summary of the research which
has been carried out earlier. The literature review tends to survey books, scholarly articles and
other sources which are relevant to the specific area of research.
2.2: To understand the concept of project life cycle management.
Wuni and Shen, (2020) sought to determine that, project life cycle is referred to as the
specific procedure where all the various series of activities which are considered to be necessary
in order to attain the key goals and objectives of the specific project. The project life cycle stage
includes all the series of stages which are necessary for the successful completion of the
construction project. Also, in addition to this the project life cycle management also assist the
construction project manager to brief all the employees working on the project and this will
assist manager in directing in effective manner. This process in turn mainly comprise of
initiation, planning, execution, monitoring and closure. With respect to the construction industry
the project life cycle goes in the same manner that is the same five stages. These includes the
stage of initiation, planning, execution, monitoring and closure.
Along with this Orgut and et.al, (2020) states that the initial stage comprises of nature
and the key scope of the construction project. The planning stage helps in determining the time,
resources, scheduling and cost related with the project. The execution stage is referred to as the
process which has been used in order to complete the desired construction project. The next
stage is of monitoring the whole project that is whether the project is being undertaken in the
planned manner or not. The last stage is known as the closure stage which is the formal end of
project. Subsequently,
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Ma and et.al., (2018) argued that, the initiation stage is where the manager of the project
develops a project charter and carry out a feasibility study. The manager of the project also tends
to develop a business case associated for the construction project. The planning stage within the
project life cycle management tends to effectively take into consideration the complete financial
planning, communication planning, procurement plan, acceptance plan, quality plan and risk
assessment plan to attain the desired set of goal related with the construction project. The project
life cycle plan is useful because it helps in providing a framework which is useful for managing
any specific project in an effective and accurate manner.
Further as per the opinion of Mabelo and Sunjka (2017) the next stage is of execution
wherein the construction project manager will implement and execute all the things which have
been planned under the planning stage. After this the next stage is of monitoring wherein the
construction project manager tries to monitor the working of the project plan. The monitoring is
necessary as this assist the project manager to ensure that all the working of the project is as per
the plan only. In addition to this the last stage is of the project closure wherein the project is
being closed and all the aim and objectives under the project are attained.
Stark, (2016) examined that, the project life cycle is considered to be crucial because it is
useful in providing structured approach which helps in the attainment of the key goals and
objectives of the project. It is considered to be highly prominent in providing the common set of
roadmap for the team to follow which helps in the attainment of the common goal. It is also
useful in evaluating how the project has been progressing and also helps in clearly defining the
activities and the key outputs associated with each phase.
On the other side Addyman, Pryke and Davies (2020) criticizes that the major reason for
the use of project life cycle stages within the construction industry is that this provides a
direction to people undertaking the project. This is the major reason for the effective completion
of the whole project in the intended manner only. The major reason underlying this fact is that
when the project manager within construction industry plans all the stages of project in proper
and effective way than this provides a clarity to people working on the project. This clarity
directs the people to work in proper and efficient manner and this result in the better completion
of the project.
In contrast to this Lin and Huang (2020) articulates that the main reason for the use of
concept of project life cycle management is that this provides a clear structure and this assist
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people working on project within construction industry. The major reason underlying this is that
when the people working on construction project clearly knows what they have to do then the
working will be more coordinated and effective. Thus, this will lead to the effective attainment
of the objectives and goals of the construction project management.
2.3 : Use of various technologies in the Life cycle management within construction industry
for effective managing of project.
As per the views of Sakin and Kiroglu (2017) in the current technologically advance
business environment it is very essential for the companies to work by adapting all the latest
technologies. The major reason behind this is that there are many different technologies coming
and if the business will not use these then it will become obsolete in its operation and working.
The major technology within the construction industry is the use of artificial intelligence (AI).
The AI is referred to as the simulating the intelligence of human within the machines which are
programmed to think that they are humans and mimic or copy their actions. The AI is used in the
construction industry of UAE as well.
On the flip side AlAmeri, Rahman and Nasaruddin (2020) states that the construction
industry is a wide industry and the use of AI assist the industry in managing the projects in very
effective and proper manner. The major reason behind this fact is that the AI is much advanced
and the AI startup launched in 2018 assures the construction industry that the AI and the use of
robots will assist the industry in managing the late or over budgeted project. This startup kit
assists the construction manager in the planning stage of project life cycle. The major reason
underlying this is that the use of robots captures the 3D view of the construction site and this
makes it much clearer for the construction manager to plan the working as per the 3D view of
the construction site. In addition to this the AI also assist the project manager in project schedule
optimizer with help of the AI. This assist the manager in optimizing the scheduling and planning
of the different stages within the whole of the project life cycle.
In contrast to this Al-Yami and Sanni-Anibire (2019) argues that the major technology
which is being used in the construction industry is the use of virtual reality. The virtual reality
is the technology which makes the use of computers to create a simulated environment and helps
the company in displaying the innovative creation of video to others for their understanding. The
major purpose behind the use of virtual reality is to create an immersive experience with help of
the video or any digital animation (Construction technology to watch in 2020, 2020). This is
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essential as this will help the viewer in getting knowledge of the idea presented in the video by
just looking at it only. This technology is also applied within the construction industry as this is
very helpful and is also assistive in the project life cycle management.
In accordance with the views of Balasubramanian and Sundarakani (2019) within the
construction industry the virtual reality is used to understand the complex construction project.
In addition to this the virtual reality is also used at time of displaying the projects to the clients
or the financiers so that they can invest the money in the construction project. Further the use of
virtual reality is also made at time of planning phase of the project life cycle as here with help of
virtual reality the construction manager can create a view of what will be produced and this
makes the decision making process more simple and easy.
Further with the opinion of the Hasan, Whyte and Al Jassmi (2020) it is advisable that
another major type of technology being used within the construction industry is connected
hardhats and other wearables. This is a type of technology wherein the construction company
provides such type of wearables which measures the safety and health of the workers and other
people working in the construction sites. The wearables include the different types of equipment,
personal gadgets which the worker at the construction site has to wear in order to work. The
major includes the hardhats which is the infiltrated with the technology which monitors the
temperature, heart rate and heartbeat, pulse, temperature of the worker wearing the hardhat. This
technology assists the construction project manager to monitor the working and ensure the
health and safety of the worker.
Along with this Badran, AlZubaidi and Venkatachalam (2020) reflects that within the
construction industry is the temperature of working environment and the temperature of the
worker is not as required then this can create many issues. Thus, these hardhats help the manager
in keeping a track of the temperature of the worker and the surrounding. Thus, this will assist the
construction project manager in managing the whole project in proper and effective manner.
This will help the construction project manager in the monitoring phase of the project life cycle
management. The major reason underlying this fact is that this will help the manager in
monitoring the performance and health and safety of the employees working on the construction
project.
Furthermore, as per the views of Ignatova, (2020) another major technology is the site
sensor which is used very frequently in the within the construction industry. The major reason
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behind this fact is that the site sensor is the technology which assist the construction project in
managing the site where the project has to be implemented. The major reason for this is that the
monitoring the site of construction is very essential as if the site will not be monitored properly
then this will have a negative impact over the working of the construction project. The site
sensor is an instrument or technology which assist the construction project manager in
measuring the noise, temperature, dust, volatile organic compounds and many other particulars
to be measured by the site sensor.
In contrast to this Almarri and Abu-Hijleh (2017) argues that use of site sensor is very
assistive for construction sites as this will help them in knowing major requirement relating to
site and its proper management. Thus, within the project life cycle stage this technology can be
helpful at time of implementation of plan. The major reason behind this fact is that when the
requirements of site will not be met then project manager will not be in position of implementing
project in expected manner. This is very essential to be checked as if all requirement relating to
site like the temperature, moisture level and other things will not be controlled then this will
have a great impact over implementation of project in intended manner. Hence, if this
technology will be implemented in proper and effective manner then this will help construction
project manager in easily completing whole project life cycle stages in effective manner.
Suroor and et.al., (2019) in the published paper has explained that using Humanoid
laborers is good technology which is establishing good sort of name in front of construction
manager at the time of constructing a project. Author highlights that there is more than one type
of project which are running at a same time, hence it gets very difficult for the project manager
to have a good number of laborer to carry out operation in the market. For overcoming the issue
of labor shortage in the project, this sort of technology is generally used. Author in the paper
also explained that this sort of technology also used to help the project manager in optimum
utilization of all the resources invested in the technology. As robot generally used to work for
longer period as compare to normal laborer.
Author highlights that Humanoid laborers are the one who is guided by one individual
who has the control of different operation of the business. This concept was originated from
japan. At the same time Author also explains that Humanoid laborer is one of the growing
technology concept but it is not the one which is preferred the most due to variety of the
limitation which is offered by this sort of technology in the market. Author explain that all the
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construction manager generally fixes a good sort of combination of laborer and humanoid
laborer in the construction project. There are variety of different type of humanoid laborer which
can be used by the different construction manager in general.
Boone and et.al., (2019) in the published paper explains that Predictive Analytic and
supply Replenishment is another technology which can be used by the project manager to
maintain the quality of project life cycle. Author highlights that using this sort of technological
tool in the organization will help the company in enhancing the level of planning of construction
project. Predictive analytic and supply replenishment technological tool, is regarded as a tool
which help company in estimating range of data which can save the time and money for the
project manager in carrying out different activity that easily. Predictive Analytic and supply
Replenishment can analyze the companies purchase history on the project supplies and also can
help the company in comparing the data with the actual amount that was used to generate more
accurate future project in the coming future. Hence, this technology helps in securing current as
well as future position as well.
2.4 Benefits and challenges associated with usage of technology within construction industry.
Artificial intelligence
The construction sector is moving towards digitization in respect to the projects and the
processes in order to attain higher efficiency. As stated by Valente, Sibai and Sambucci, (2019),
AI can bring higher benefits to the construction industry. It is very useful in mitigating risk as
the algorithms has the ability to effectively and properly analyze the complex data sets along
with the ability to identify any of the issues that can arise in the future with a much more
accuracy in comparison to the humans. Also, AI brings bundles of choices for designing. As the
machine learning can take into account large set of data which will help in generating designs
which will help in meeting up with the needs of the customers. In contrast to it, Dziadosz and
Kończak (2016), argued that the major challenge associated with AI is that lack of association
and understanding of the people with respect to how it can be implemented. Along with that, the
use of AI in this industry is prone to security issues and for the seamless process requires
continuous evaluation of all the security aspects in regard to the integration of AI.
Virtual reality
As per the view of Civil (2017), the virtual reality is beneficial in the construction
industry from the cost saving aspect as it can save the clients' money which would have being
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gone in the making of the mockup of the metal fins. The VR technology can be used in
increasing the design efficiency. VR provides an opportunity to decrease the cost through the
way of taking decisions at the initial decisions. Along with that refining the design and checking
the factors and the characteristics without first building up at first and to eliminate the errors and
get to the potential errors at the initial stage of the process. Ahmed (2018), argued that along
with benefits there are certain disadvantages as well. This technology is at its initial stage and
therefore having lot of barriers before it becomes the common practice and very few people are
aware and understand the usefulness of it. Another bigger challenge is that there is lack of
streamlined software and for creating the VR model requires to trimming the Revit model which
approximately takes around 120 hours for completing.
Wearables
Based on the opinion of Antwi-Afari and et.al., (2018), in construction industry the
increasing use of the wearable is supporting the workers in taking a look at the piping inside the
wall and therefore, reducing or mitigating the requirement to undertake costly repairing task.
This technology will help in identifying when the worker is tired and need to take a break. It can
also provide the information in respect to the location of the workers. Thus, resulting into
improving the safety on the working site and supporting teams in accomplishing their targets.
On the other side, wearable is having drawbacks like, they are very expensive which will result
into increasing the cost of construction. As defined by the Guk and et.al., (2019), it also requires
some base or the platform in order to work in an effective manner resulting into bringing in the
new system which will incur additional expenditure. Also, it will require providing training to
the workers in respect to how to make use of it which will be a time consuming process. It will
also have a huge impact over the privacy of the company within that industry and therefore, it
creates the need for the assessing the potential impact of it over the workers.
Site sensor
The site sensor technology will help in overall enhancing the construction site. This
technology will provide lots of benefits. According to Ma and et.al., (2020), site sensor helps in
exercising monitoring in regard to the working conditions surrounding the working place. It has
the capability to sensor or determine the temperature, noise and other aspects like organic
compound. If one sensor is put in every 2000 sq ft then these sensors can interact with each
other which results into providing more real time alerts to the respective authority. Another
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advantage of this is that the sire sensor can be specifically utilized in decreasing the chances of
any injury as a result of the work site hazards. Also, it can be very useful for the companies in
respect to tracking down the movement of the material along the supply chain. In contrast to it,
Xu, Mei, Luo and Tan (2020), argued that the use of such technology can turn out to be a costly
affair for the companies. It can be implemented by the large organizations but might not by the
small companies. Also, it will require the use of strong internet connectivity which might be not
possible all the time affecting the effective use of it and also poor connection might cause
inaccurate gabbing of the data.
Humanoid laborers
de Mooij, (2016) explains that Humanoid laborer help the project in optimum utilization
of variety of different resources, as using Humanoid laborer in the project used to create the
situation where there is less amount of wastage in the project. Also, Humanoid laborer can work
for the longer period in the project as compare to the normal laborer as Humanoid laborer used
never get tired. On the other hand, Suroor and et.al., (2019) explains that Humanoid laborer
generally used to increase the cost of the company in term of adopting the new technology from
the market. As Humanoid laborer are very costly to hire or purchase for project manager. Author
also explain that Humanoid laborer can work for the longer period for the organization but at the
same time they used to see good sort of depreciation on the regular basis. Hence, it used to get it
very difficult for the project manager to retain the humanoid laborer for longer period in the
project life cycle.
Predictive Analytic and supply Replenishment
In the published paper Alicke, Rexhausen and Seyfert, (2017) highlights that predictive
Analytic and supply Replenishment technology in the organization used to help the company in
improving the quality of planning in the project. At the same time, it also helps the management
in having idea about current position of project as well. At the same time Boone and et.al.,
(2019) Explains that Predictive Analytic and supply Replenishment is very complicated in
nature, this sometime used to consume better amount of time for the project manager to
complete the project planning phase of the company. Not only that this technology does not
grantee success it only shows the road map. Hence, trusting on the same is not that easy task for
project manager.
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2.5 Conclusion
In the end it can be concluded that use of technology in project life cycle within the
construction industry is very essential and beneficial. The technology is an aspect which makes
work of a person much easier and this is beneficial for company using latest technology. In the
similar way it was witnessed with help of literature review that technology is very helpful in
construction industry of UAE. Major reason behind this fact was that use of technology limits
human efforts and use of machine is more accurate and effective and because of this it is helpful
in increasing the business. With help of above literature, it was seen that major technology used
within construction industry is artificial intelligence, site sensor, virtual reality, wearables,
predictive analytic and supply replenishment and many other technologies. Further the
discussion was take over to positive and negative aspect of use of these various technologies.
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CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
Research methodology includes the different techniques and processes which are
assistive in completing the research in successful and effective manner. Deciding of research
methodology in advance is very essential as this assist the researcher in completing the research
in effective manner. In the same way, the present section explain the type of research used by
scholar, further it also assist to reflect the type of data collection methods acquire by investigator
in order to answer research questions. Moreover, the present section also helps to understand the
approach and philosophies used by scholar to lead best outcomes.
3.2 Research type
Research is regarded as a process of understanding and evaluating variety of the different
sources in a way that it helps the researcher in achieving the objective of the research in the
efficient way. There are two type of research which is conducted in general namely Qualitative
and Quantitative research type. Qualitative Research type is a kind of research in which non
numerical data is consider and analysis by the researcher and also looks to provide the outcome
of the research in the same form. At the same time Quantitative research type is the kind of
research type in which outcome of the research is find out in the form of the numerical form.
Among all, scholar chooses quantitative research type in which SPSS software is used
that provides valid results and also leads to meet the define aim. With the help of this type,
scholar tries to answer all the research question and assist to collect information quickly.
Moreover, through this type, the chances of getting accurate results increases while it is not
possible in another case. Therefore, results generated through this type are more reliable and
accurate which in turn assist to examine different types of technologies used in construction
industry.
3.3 Research approach
the approach of the research is defined as the different types of procedures and plan
which are the basis of assumptions or reason for selection of various methods of research. It is
very essential for the researcher to discuss about the reason for the selection of the different
methods of the research. Hence, for the approach there are two types that is inductive and
deductive (Van de Ven and Poole, 2017). The inductive approach is the one which includes
framing of aim and objective and then conduct study in that direction. In contrast to this
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deductive approach is a type of approach wherein hypothesis relating to research topic is
formulated and then tested. In order to complete the present study over use of technology within
project life cycle in construction industry is deductive approach. Main reason underlying
selection of deductive approach is that this is more suitable with quantitative type of research
which is being conducted in present study.
3.4 Research philosophy
philosophy is defined as reason or value or belief which is underlying anything. With
respect to research, philosophy is defined as beliefs and values which are underlying the fact that
how data has to be assimilated, gathered and used to reach to some effective conclusion. It is
very essential for researcher to decide for philosophy of research as this will assist researcher in
having knowledge as what method to be used. Research philosophy is of two type that is
interpretivism and positivism. Interpretivism is a type of philosophy of research philosophy
which mainly works at integrating interest of human within study. In contrast to this positivism
is a philosophy which is based on factual data, information, facts and figures (Drawson, Toombs
and Mushquash, 2017). Hence, for completion of present research the use of positivism
philosophy is done as this is very assistive in quantitative research. Major reason underlying
selection of positivism as philosophy is that this will assist researcher in conducting study based
on facts and figures.
3.5 Research design
the design of research is defined as overall strategy which is being selected for the
completion of whole research in successful manner. This can also be referred to as a blueprint
which includes all major steps involved in completion of research. This includes collecting data
from ethical and reliable sources till analysis of collected data and then further conclusion and
recommendation. There are many different types of research design which researcher can use in
order to complete their study (Queirós, Faria and Almeida, 2017). For the present study use of
exploratory research has been made as this assist researcher in investigating problem that is not
clear. This design is selected as this will assist research in finding out the solution for research
problem and whole research will be completed in effective manner. Under the exploratory
research, study starts with an existing problem and then it is studied and a detailed study is
undertaken over this research topic. Further after detailed study the researcher reaches to some
conclusion and recommendation for more improvement are provided.
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3.6 Data collection
It is the process of gathering and analyzing the data in order to get an answer of the
research questions. Thus, by collecting relevant data, scholar generate the best results and
understand the entire scenario than make decision. There are two types of data collection
methods i.e. primary and secondary which are used by the scholars. Such that, under primary
data collection method which is also known as first handed method, scholar chooses
questionnaire under survey method in which relevant questions are asked with selected sample
size (Mortensen and Hughes, 2018). The questionnaire is design by considering all the
objectives in Survey Monkey so that all the selected respondents fill their answers. Moreover,
under secondary data collection methods in which previous research studies are chosen and in
this present study, this method is used under literature review section. In this method, scholar
uses different sources such as books, articles and Journals that tries to attain the set aim.
Therefore, by using data collection methods, scholar attain the objectives and also generate valid
outcomes.
3.7 Sampling
It is the process which is used in statistical analysis in which predetermine number of
observations are consider from a larger population. Through this, scholar gather information
from a sample which assist to answer the research question in better manner. There are two
types of sampling such that Probability sampling in which sample are selected randomly an also
allows to make statistical interference with regards to an entire group (Mujere, 2016). Next is
non- probability sampling which involves non- random selection based upon convenience
criteria. This method assist to easily collect the initial data from population.
Among all, simple random sampling method has been selected over others under
probability sampling in which 80 – 90 people are selected from construction industry. Through
this method, research easily extract people from a group easily and as a result, it assist to analyze
the use of technology in project life cycle management within construction industry. Also, with
this sampling method, investigator accurately represent the larger population and select the best
which leads to accomplish the set objectives.
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3.8 Data analysis
It is the process of inspecting, cleansing and modeling the data with an aim of
discovering the useful information and provide valid conclusion and support decision making as
well. Through data analysis, scholar critically analyze the collected information and then
provides an explanation of various concepts and methods used in literature review. There are
two types of data analysis method such that qualitative and quantitative (Belotto, 2018). As the
entire research study is based upon quantitative study then for this section also, scholar uses this
method.
Thus, thematic data analysis under quantitative study has been chosen by the scholar in
which researcher present the entire findings in presentable manner, such that by using graphs,
tables charts. Through this method, researcher generate conclusion and prove the relationship
which is used within hypothesis. Hence, it is clearly signifies that with the help of this method,
scholar reach to final results and tries to find meaning in data so that derived knowledge can be
used to make informed decisions.
3.9 Ethical consideration
In order to conduct the research in proper manner, it is necessary to comply with all
ethical principles. In the same way, for current study participants should not be subject to harm
in any ways and respect for dignity should also be prioritized. Apart from this, full consent
should be obtained from participants so that research is conducted in proper manner (Bennett
and Panicker, 2016). Also, adequate level of confidentiality should be ensured and for that, data
protection act must be complied. Through this, all the personal information of respondents are
protected and any type of communication in relation to the research should be done with honesty
and transparency.
Moreover, while selecting sample size, researcher should make sure that there is no
discrimination on any basis and all the respondents should be participated on the basis of
informed consent. It is so the principle involves researcher providing the sufficient information
and assure to take part without any pressure (Brittain and et.al., 2020). Thus, by complying with
laws and maintaining privacy, scholar conduct the research in better manner and also lead to
attain the define aim as well.
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3.10 Research limitation
In the present study, scholar faces different limitations such that with a huge sample size,
it is not easy to determine the views in collective manner and as a result, the results are
fluctuated. Also, there are many sites which are blocked and as a result, researcher face issues,
further it takes lot of time in order to generate the results. That is why, to minimize such results
it is necessary to have a strong research skills that leads to meet the define aim with a specific
tenure. Moreover, scholar do not have enough knowledge regards to the chosen topic and as a
result, lack of previous studies in research area is consider another issue. On the other side,
research on this topic will assist to raise the knowledge and that is why, investigator selected this
topic.
3.11 Conclusion
By summing up above section, it has been concluded that to conduct the entire research
in more accurate manner, effective research methods are selected and that is why, this section
consider one of the most important part in dissertation. Further, scholar uses quantitative study
in which deductive approach has been chosen that assist to examine the variety of technologies
in project life management under construction industry. Also, with the help of both primary and
secondary data collection methods, scholar determine the perspective of selected sample size
which in turn leads to conduct an entire study in more precise manner.
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