Domestic and Family Violence: Causes, Effects, and Responses

This assignment delves into the complex issue of domestic and family violence, examining its root causes, psychological and emotional impacts on victims, and potential responses from a legal framework perspective. It emphasizes the need for strict actions against unreported cases to alleviate mental health issues related to intimate partner violence. The assignment covers various sources, including books, journals, online resources, and government reports, providing a comprehensive understanding of this sensitive topic.

Domestic violence is a global
issue that negatively impacts
mental health and well-being

Table of Contents
P1 Domestic violence and socio-economic factors - a discussion that includes reference to
international and Australian sources...........................................................................................1
P2 Domestic violence & psychological factors – a discussion that includes factors affecting
psychological development in infancy and childhood, psychological trauma and stress, fear
and control...................................................................................................................................2
P3 Evaluation of factors for the perpetrator or victims of domestic violence............................3
REFERENCES ...............................................................................................................................5

P1 Domestic violence and socio-economic factors - a discussion that includes reference to
international and Australian sources
Domestic violence is known as physical and mental abuse by one person against other.
The government of Australia define violence that occur between two people who have had an
intimate relationship (Domestic violence in Australia: a quick guide to the issues, 2015). These
violence include physical, verbal, sexual and emotional abuse. It is not just restricted to the
relationship but domestic violence also occurs when a person is financially, socially and
spiritually hurt by another person (family and society). In Australia, these kind of cases are found
across all cultures, age as well as socio-economic groups but the majority who experience these
issues are women. In the year of 2013, Australian bureau of statistics conducted a survey
program named as Australia-wide survey on personal safety. The objective of this program is to
analyse experience of men and women who are encounter with violence in their life. The report
of this survey showed that men are far likely to experience domestic or other violences even by
the strangers but the majority of women faced physical, mental and sexual harassment by their
intimate partner or family member (Domestic, family and sexual violence in Australia: an
overview of the issues, 2014). World health organisation state that a large level of violence
experienced by women across the world which a topic of concern. For this, government of a
country requires to take urgent action for women safety. In this process, some authorised
body(Common wealth government, world health organisation and Australia-wide survey on
personal safety) of different countries taking initiatives to designed a program against violence
for women.
The socio-economic factor are known as lifestyle as well routine components that used to
create social stand for an individual. These factors assist to build understanding and knowledge
in a person regarding right and wrong actions. These factors include health status, education,
income and so on that affect human behaviours and circumstances (List of Socio-Economic
Factors, 2018). Socio-economic factors influence in domestic violence. Level of education
influence economic status of a person that used to getting higher income jobs through specialised
working approaches. Education helps to build understanding and knowledge in a person
regarding fake rituals and tradition (World Health Organization, 2014). Lack of educations
encourage domestic violence within family and society because nobody shows their interest to
take initiative against such activities. Income level and financial status of a individual also
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considered as a socio-economic factor. These terms assist to determine a choice of living
condition for a person. Main reason behind effectiveness of socio-economic factors are they
manage level of understanding for a person so that they can judge positive or negative factors of
society in effective manner. These factors requires effectiveness to build a level in society to
reduce violence activities easily. Throughout some studies, it has been analysed that domestic
violence were associated with two different factors as gender and culture that influence at
multiple level of society. So for this it is required that government pay their maximum attention
toward the development of socio-economic element for desirable outcomes.
P2 Domestic violence & psychological factors – a discussion that includes factors affecting
psychological development in infancy and childhood, psychological trauma and stress, fear
and control
Domestic violence are the negative factor of society which has direct impact on physical,
mental as well as psychological health of a person. The area of violence is not limited because
people can be abused by family member, intimate partner or anybody else who living in the
society (Dillon, G., & et. al., 2013). Australian bureau of statistics conducted a survey program
named as Australia-wide survey on personal safety in which they analysed that men and women
both experienced violence but women are much likely to experience sexual assault in their
lifetime period. These kind of factors create a negative environment in family that has negative
impact on infancy and children. Domestic and family violence are leading the major cause of
psychological trauma, stress and fear in children. In order to minimise the impact of such
activities, women and children presenting Supported Accommodation Assistance
Program(SAAP) services in Australia to escaping domestic violence easily (Children's exposure
to domestic and family violence, 2015). Family violence is the leading cause of homelessness in
Australia that influence directly psychological development procedure in infancy and childhood.
These factors has negative impact on the learning as well as behaviour of a child. A children
always gain everything which they observe from their surroundings as well as family
atmosphere. Meta-analytic and population-based studies in Australia discover that domestic
violence has major impact on child's mental health that provide poor educational outcomes as
well as negative behavioural approaches (Wahlbeck & McDaid, 2012). For them, it is easy to
behave rudely to others and create violence at everywhere. These activities has some major
negative impact on a child as learning difficulties, frustration, low self-esteem, bullying and poor
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academic outcomes. Therefore, parents needs to be aware about the future of their child because
if a child shape their behaviour according to such negative terms, it is hard for anyone to
improve their physiology for well-being.
In some studies, it has been founded that the children faces major physical health issues
whose mother had experienced domestic violence as compared to those whose mother had not.
For a children, it is required that they get primary care from their family in order to continued
their growth for future but family violence reduce such factors which impacts negatively on
physical as well as physiology health of children (Wong & Mellor, 2014). These violent
activities exposed trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder in children. These factors associated
by abusive interpersonal relationship with children and others that has direct impact on mentality
of a individual. The results of these psychological issues are inability to manage internal
emotions, concentration and alteration in self- perception. A children who suffering from such
domestic as well as family violences feels stress, depression, anxiety self-harm and fear from
everyone. Therefore, it is required that victim has been get emergency medical services easily to
protect themselves easily.
To control such activities, it is required that government provide financial support to
those people who wants to leave the situation. In order to overcome these negative terms from
society, authorised bodies regulate some legal rights for victims that designed to protect them
against all form of domestic violence.
P3 Evaluation of factors for the perpetrator or victims of domestic violence
Domestic Violence is increasing now a days because of several factors some of them is
socio-economic and psychological (Lagdon, Armour & Stringer, 2014). Out of these two person
who are less educated are doing such violence activities more and more because they easily don't
understand anything and become cruel. Even uneducated or less educated people think that
everything will be handle by such violent techniques this is the main reason people are doing
these things. Apart from this, their is no one who can teach them that they are not doing right this
because of their mind set that they are superior and no other is like them. These are negative
factors of society who create violent action over women and children. Perpetrator conducts such
thinks by their mentality and understanding level in order to make situations in their own favour.
Generally, women and children are associated as victim of domestic and family violence. Main
reason of suffering from these situations are the unawareness of their rights and invert actions
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that they can take against the situation as well as perpetrator. So in some cases, it is required that
a women take proper educational knowledge regarding their legal rights and authority for
surviving in such bullying societies.
The other reason behind the domestic violence is psychology of perpetrator in regard the
violent activities. Now a days, some people take illegal actions in order to fulfil their own need
and requirement (Rogers & et. al., 2012). They are having a poor mentality to physically,
mentally and sexually abusing other in order to accomplish their own requirement. These kind of
mentality initiate violence from the family members. Some of the victims tolerate the situations
by analysing them as a family issue. Its is hard for them to take a inverse action against their own
family members due to their customs. As its result, these violence getting in huge impacts as
stress, trauma and sometimes death. In order to control such actions, it is required to take help of
legal framework which are regulated for security and safety of individual. It is not easy to the
true extant effectively but it is necessary to take strict actions against domestic, family and sexual
violence that go unreported (World Health Organization, (2013).
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
World Health Organization. (2014). Social determinants of mental health. World Health
Organization.
Dillon, G., & et. al., (2013). Mental and physical health and intimate partner violence against
women: A review of the literature. International journal of family medicine. 2013.
Wahlbeck, K., & McDaid, D. (2012). Actions to alleviate the mental health impact of the
economic crisis. World psychiatry. 11(3). 139-145.
Wong, J., & Mellor, D. (2014). Intimate partner violence and women’s health and wellbeing:
Impacts, risk factors and responses. Contemporary nurse. 46(2). 170-179.
Rogers, D. S., & et. al., (2012). A vision for human well-being: transition to social sustainability.
Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability. 4(1). 61-73.
World Health Organization. (2013). Responding to intimate partner violence and sexual violence
against women: WHO clinical and policy guidelines. World Health Organization.
Lagdon, S., Armour, C., & Stringer, M. (2014). Adult experience of mental health outcomes as a
result of intimate partner violence victimisation: a systematic review. European journal
of psychotraumatology. 5(1). 24794.
Online
Domestic violence in Australia: a quick guide to the issues, 2015. [Online]. Available
through<https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/
Parliamentary_Library/pubs/rp/rp1415/Quick_Guides/DVinAust>
Domestic, family and sexual violence in Australia: an overview of the issues, 2014. [Online].
Available
through<https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/
Parliamentary_Library/pubs/rp/rp1415/ViolenceAust>
List of Socio-Economic Factors, 2018. [Online]. Available
through<https://classroom.synonym.com/list-of-socio-economic-factors-
12083166.html>
Children's exposure to domestic and family violence, 2015. [Online]. Available
through<https://aifs.gov.au/cfca/publications/childrens-exposure-domestic-and-family-
violence/effects-childrens-exposure-domestic-and>
Domestic violence and what you can do about it, 2018. [Online]. Available
through<https://au.reachout.com/articles/domestic-violence-and-what-you-can-do-
about-it>
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