DRIVERS AND BARRIERS TO ADOPTING GAMIFICATION

Running head: DRIVERS AND BARRIERS TO ADOPTING GAMIFICATION
Drivers and Barriers to adopting gamification: Teachers Perspectives
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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DRIVERS AND BARRIERS TO ADOPTING GAMIFICATION
Tutor FEEDBACK
Do not delete these spaces below; this area is for your tutor’s final comment…
Assessment 1 - Reading Task worksheet
(15% of your overall mark)
Write each answer underneath each question; answers are in full sentences unless otherwise indicated.
Adhere to all given word counts.
IMPORTANT: please leave at least 4 lines below each answer so your tutor can insert their comments
on the Turnitin page.
Effective reading skills
1. Name the title and the author/s of your article. (No need to use full sentence structure in this
answer)
The article name is “Drivers and Barriers to adoption of Gamification”, written by “Antonio
Sánchez-Mena & Jose Martí-Parreñ” published in year “2017”.
2. Explain the author’s/authors’ main argument or main point of view in the given journal
article. Your description must identify which side of the argument the author supports, and
describe 2 of the most significant subpoints the author uses to support their argument. You
must provide strong evidence from the article to support your claims. (Clearly articulate which
is your main idea, and which are your 2 significant subpoints)
The focal point of the author’s was to understand the main “drivers and barriers” according to
teacher’s perspective for including “gamification” in providing effective and knowledgeable courses to their
students. The author in this article had summarised the analysis of various factors to understand the
utilisation and usability of “gamification”, in developing the standard of education for their students.
Another factor that was analysed is the teacher’s perspective in utilising gamification, as some teachers think
that the gamification hampers the teacher’s role in teaching the students, and some teachers think that it

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DRIVERS AND BARRIERS TO ADOPTING GAMIFICATION
upgrades the educational process, as the interest of student’s increases eventually increasing the interaction.
According to Sánchez-Mena and Martí-Parreño, (2017), the authors of this article, think that new
technological up-gradation helps student provide new opportunities in the future educational processes, but
some teachers are not comfortable or technologically perceptive enough to include gamification in their
teaching processes. Therefore, the main analysis is based on two focal points, analysing the drivers in
including gamification, as well illustrating barriers that prevents teachers to include gamification in teaching
courses. In analysing, the first factor is that teacher are the main agents of implementing new technologies,
but gamification reduces the importance of teachers on a large basis. The author arguments that,
gamification does not involve any involvement in games, as teachers are the main people who engage the
student gamification makes the process more interesting and easier for teachers. As including games, will
enhance three main factors, like “Immersion, flow, involvement”, making the monotonous and time-
consuming tasks easier, eventually making teacher’s learning processes much more developed. On the other
hand, many teachers hesitate using new technologies, they feel that the learning processes will be degraded
and they think that educational videos games are not adequately informational to upgrade their educational
processes.
Reflecting on skill improvements - Reflective Writing
3. Write a reflection about how your understanding of the given journal article has developed
since you started UniReady. You must write in reflective writing style (see the 5Rs document on
Blackboard). In your answer, you need to reflect on ideas based around the following:
a. Your thoughts and opinions about the topic before you read the article.
b. How the research in the article has changed your thoughts and opinions about the topic.
c. How the research has changed your understanding of the facts about the topic.
d. How your reading strategy has developed since starting UniReady, and how this new
reading strategy will help you read and understand all journal articles from now on. Hint:
do not describe the reading strategies. Instead, focus on reflecting on how your skills have
developed so that you will be able to read and understand all future journal articles more
effectively.
Important: You are not required to respond in question and answer format, but rather to write
a reflection about the processes you went through and incorporate the above ideas into your
reflection. Ensure you revise the 5Rs before you start.

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DRIVERS AND BARRIERS TO ADOPTING GAMIFICATION
In the given article, I think the importance of gamification in educational processes is analysed and
aligning to it is the drivers and barriers that teacher feel in including gamification in teaching processes.
According to my experience, technology has become an important factor to be included in people’s day-to-
day activities as well in workplace and educational institutions are including technology to create more
involvement and interest of the students. In the 21st century, youth is more inclined to pictorial facts and
moving graphics than reading multiple pages for increasing their knowledge. Therefore, the authors of the
book, Sánchez-Mena and Martí-Parreño, (2017), has explained that, gamification in educational processes
can create more opportunities in education, as its gives a fast and interesting way to increase knowledge. In
my opinion, the drivers and barriers were quite relatable, as, some teachers do not desire to involve
technology oriented educational practices, as they want to stick to traditional processes, because according
to their opinion, gamification does not have adequate information in educating students. On the other hand,
tech savvy teachers are interested in gamification, as they have seen that students are much more involved
and interactive by including gamification.
The author has also reviewed a survey which was done through structured interviews, for
interviewing some teachers in Higher Education institutions, were 56.25% were females, and included
“Motivation”, “Creativity”, “entertainment”, as the main drivers of gamification. On the other hand,
inadequate resources, lack of interest, classroom setting and economic status, disbeliefs of teachers are the
main barriers of gamification. By reading the article, I could understand clearly, this all are the reasons,
which actually act as a barrier to the teacher in involving gamification in enhancing their educational
processes. This all factors have changed my thoughts and according to my opinion, adequate training should
be given to the teachers, to align their educational processes with gamification. My reading strategy has
developed a lot by refereeing to uniready, as it helps in scrutinising the facts that the author has highlighted
or written based on it. This has eventually helped in analysing article and make a brief summary.
Evaluation skills

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DRIVERS AND BARRIERS TO ADOPTING GAMIFICATION
4. Use your evaluation skills (see topic documents) to decide whether the following 5 types of
sources would be acceptable to use in an Academic Writing essay for this unit. Underneath
each example, explain why that type of source can or cannot be used in an Academic Writing
essay.
a. Statistics published in 2018 on the Australian Bureau of Statistic website.
Statistics can be used in Academic essay writing, but as it is referring to the Australian
website, the writer must verify with the information of the article to be linked to Australia.
b. A journal article from 1973 written by an expert in their field.
This is too old to be considered cite-worthy and unreliable. So, definitely not recommended
for citation.
c. A recent government website blog, written in 2019 by an expert in the field being discussed. The
author frequently refers to accurate research from peer-reviewed sources.
Citing from Government blogs can be done, as it represents various information that it
authenticated by Government. Citing relevant articles or journals of renowned writers will help in
representing a good essay writing as it is taken by sourcing authentic cites, websites, articles or
journals.
d. A current newspaper article written by an academic who is regarded as an expert in the field they
are discussing. The newspaper article quotes accurate statistics from the author’s own research.
The above-mentioned newspaper article can be cited to academic essay writing. The
newspaper can also be cited if it of standard quality for example, If the newspaper is a standard
newspaper, such as “Sydney Morning Herald”. Citations cannot be used from less popular or
local ones.
e. Lecture notes provided by Curtin University, containing references to peer-reviewed journal
articles.
An academic essay writing can be referred by Curtin University, as qualified professors
provide it, they review, research to create the articles which can be considered as a relevant source to
cite in academic essay writing.

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DRIVERS AND BARRIERS TO ADOPTING GAMIFICATION
Understanding the Student Checklist and avoiding plagiarism
5. Checklist: identify the plagiarism
Below are 5 excerpts that a student might use for an Academic Writing assessment. Each
excerpt is followed by a student’s paraphrasing of the excerpt. The student has committed
plagiarism in each of their paraphrased answers, and you need to identify the plagiarism.
Your task: Use the Student Checklist to Prevent Plagiarism to identify the most obvious
plagiarism mistake that the student has made in each example, based on the rules in the
Student Checklist (points 1-8). Note: your answer must identify which Checklist point the
student has breached, and must also clearly explain the error made by the student.
Word count: Each answer should be no more than 50 words.
NOTE: you do not need to analyse or alter the original excerpts at all. Your task is to analyse the student’s
paraphrasing.
A) Original excerpt:
The potential for the rapid spread of infectious diseases in a world connected by global travel and
commerce further illustrates the compass of climate change. Among its ecological impacts are
anticipated increases in many infectious illnesses, alterations in vector-borne diseases, and more
rapid disease emergence (Monaghan et al., 2016). Increased temperatures are associated with an
increased incidence of bacterial causes of diarrhea (Levy, Woster, Goldstein, & Carlton, 2016)
Student’s paraphrasing of the excerpt
The potential for the rapid spread of infectious diseases in a world connected by global travel and
commerce further illustrates the compass of climate change. Among its ecological impacts are
anticipated increases in many of infectious illnesses, alterations in vector-borne diseases, and more
rapid disease emergence. Increased temperatures are associated with an increased incidence of
bacterial causes of diarrhoea.
Your answer:
The student has not paraphrased at all, as the original excerpt and student excerpt are
completely similar. This will be referred to as an academic misconduct because the student has not
performed any academic work. Terms should be in double quotations, so that they are not caught in
plagiarism. A citation should be present even if the paraphrasing is done within own words.
B) Original excerpt:
Discrimination can occur when people fail to focus on outcome-relevant information and incorporate
irrelevant demographic information into decision-making. The magnitude of discrimination then

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DRIVERS AND BARRIERS TO ADOPTING GAMIFICATION
depends on (a) how many errors are made in judgment and (b) the degree to which errors
disproportionately favour one group over another. As a result, discrimination can be reduced through
two routes: reducing noise-lessening the total number of errors but not changing the proportion of
remaining errors that favour one group-or reducing bias-lessening the proportion of errors that favour
one group but not changing the total number of errors made (Jordan & Lai, 2018).
Student’s paraphrasing of the excerpt
“Discrimination can occur when people fail to focus on outcome-relevant information and
incorporate irrelevant demographic information into decision-making” (Jordan & Lai, 2018). The
degree of this discrimination “then depends on (a) how many errors are made in judgment and (b) the
degree to which errors disproportionately favour one group over another” (Jordan & Lai, 2018).
Therefore, “discrimination can be reduced through two routes: reducing noise-lessening the total
number of errors but not changing the proportion of remaining errors that favour one group-or
reducing bias-lessening the proportion of errors that favour one group but not changing the total
number of errors made” (Jordan & Lai, 2018).
Your answer:
The student paraphrasing is incomplete, as it seems the student has totally kept the first
sentence similar and made some modifications. Therefore, this will be caught in plagiarism. The
main rule of paraphrasing is that the sentences should be formed in own words.
C) Original excerpt:
A recent online survey conducted with university students in Hong Kong showed that although they
used social media for sharing, discussing, and searching for information (Tang, Yau, Wong, &
Wong, 2015), they were readily distracted by the entertainment and social functions provided by
social media. To reduce this harmful effect on learning, it is necessary to analyze in detail different
manifestations of multitasking (Wood & Zivcakova, 2015) and the cognitive learning processes
(Mayer, 2010) that may differentially affect student learning trajectories and outcomes.
References
Mayer, R.E. (2010). Applying the science of learning to medical education. Medical Education.
44(6), 543-549.
Wood, E., & Zivcakova, L. (2015). Understanding multimedia multitasking in educational settings.
In
L.D. Rosen, N.A. Cheever, & L.M. Carrier (Eds.), The Wiley handbook of psychology, technology,
and society (pp. 404-419) West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons.
Tang, J.K.T., Yau, HN., Wong, SF., & Wong, SK. (2015). The impacts on learning via social media:
A study on post-secondary students in Hong Kong. In
J. Lam, K.K. Ng, S.K.S. Cheung, T.L. Wong, K.C. Li, & F.L. Wang (Eds.), Technology in
education. Technology-mediated proactive learning (pp. 195-208). Berlin, Heidelberg:
Springer-Verlag.
Student’s paraphrasing of the excerpt:

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DRIVERS AND BARRIERS TO ADOPTING GAMIFICATION
A recent survey indicates that while students use social media to search for information as well as a
platform for discussion, they are also easily distracted by other elements of social media (Tang, Yau,
Wong, & Wong, 2015).). An example is entertainment in social media (Wood & Zivcakova, 2015).
Investigating the dimensions of multitasking and the various cognitive processes that will impact
differently on student learning outcomes, can minimise this negative effect on a student’s learning
(Mayer, 2010).
Your answer:
The student excerpt is well para-phrased but writing the terms like for example, cognitive
processes in double quotations will help in reducing the plagiarism. The usage of synonyms can also
reduce plagiarism and help in complete paraphrasing.
D) Original excerpt:
Volunteer tourists and volunteer tourism organizations make up two of the three major stakeholders
of volunteer tourism. The host community forms the third, and some would argue most important,
leg of the table (Singh, 2002). In general, the volunteer tourism literature has focused less attention
on the host, either individually or as a community (Holmes, Smith, Lockstone-Binney, & Baum,
2010; Uriely & Reichel, 2000; Uriely et al., 2003).
Student’s paraphrasing of the excerpt:
Volunteer tourism has a number of important partners, including tourists who volunteer, the
organisations who volunteer, and possibly the most significant group being the community who acts
as the host (Smith & Jones, 2010). Unfortunately, the available research has tended to deal with the
partners and organisations rather than the host (Johnston, 2010).
Your answer:
This excerpt has been well paraphrased with latest references provided, which makes the
writing a well-formed paragraph that delivers clear message.
E) Original excerpt:
Research indicates that mate change is accelerating, and at rates much faster than previously
indicated. Governments around the world are taking affirmative action, and informed individuals are
mobilising community groups to ensure the safety of citizens as climate effects become more
apparent (Marsden & Shelley, 2014).
Student’s paraphrasing of the excerpt:
Research shows that climate change is accelerating, and at rates much quicker than previously
shown. Governments around the globe are taking positive action, and informed people are activating
community groups to establish the safety of civilians as climate consequences become more obvious
(Marsden & Shelley, 2014)
Your answer:

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DRIVERS AND BARRIERS TO ADOPTING GAMIFICATION
This paraphrase has all the important details, which the original excerpt contains, and there is
a flow in the writing. The length of the student paraphrasing is similar to the original excerpt, which
makes the paraphrasing ideal.
Effective reading skills - Summary writing
6. Using the summary-writing techniques taught in the weekly topic materials, write a summary
of the Assessment 1 journal article.
(Hint: do not describe the article. A summary should never be just a description of the article)
Word count: 200 words +/- 10%.
According to Antonio Sánchez-Mena and Jose Martí-Parreño, (2018), the article revolves
around the “drivers and barriers” in involving “gamification” in educational processes to upgrade the
students learning processes and help teacher in making learning easier and less tiresome. The chief
idea of the article that is illustrated by the author is the various drivers and barriers in understanding
the attitudes and beliefs of student and teacher about including gamification in educational processes.
The article has summarised that, according to the surveys taken by teachers, the main drivers for
including gamification is first motivation, as pictorial representation will trigger the curiosity of the
students, second is entertainment, as gamifucation will create a different atmosphere which is quite
enjoyable from the same monotonous pattern of teaching. Thirdly, interactivity, gamification will
increase the interest of the student and indulge in more learning through curiosity. Fourth, is the
process will become easier as many teachers think that gamification makes their task easier and the
students do more interaction to engage in the studies. In case of barriers, the first barrier is the
teachers perspective that educational standard are somehow upgraded and gamification do not
contain enough information to ensure student engagement in studies.
On the other hand, lack of resources like time, training equipment’s, lack of technological
setting, student’s withdrawal or lack of interest in latest technology, and “Classroom Dynamics “to
be considered as main barriers in including gamification.

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DRIVERS AND BARRIERS TO ADOPTING GAMIFICATION
References
Sánchez-Mena, A., & Martí-Parreño, J. (2017). Drivers and Barriers to Adopting Gamification:
Teachers' Perspectives. Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 15(5), 434-443.