Droughts in Africa: An Annotated Bibliography

SUBJECT: ENGLISH 1
Droughts in Africa
Name of University

SUBJECT: ENGLISH 2
Annotate bibliography
Climate scientists and pastoralists have been studying climate changes in Africa for
centuries. They have been following the movement of people and animals based on the
availability of drinking water. The repeated droughts have destroyed the harvests and livelihoods
in Africa. It is essential to collect information on how Africa is getting impacted by consecutive
seasons of droughts. The higher temperatures are linked to climate change, and the situation in
Africa has already become catastrophic. Millions of people face severe hunger, and the situation
will get much worse. Thus, it is essential to understand the droughts which arête result of a
combination of drivers due to climate variability in day-to-day weather and larger seasonal
patterns. The given paper is based on comprehensive research on the droughts and drought
adaptation policy development in Africa. The research carries information from different
journals and articles that study climate change, human impacts due to the vulnerability of
drought-prone regions. Reactions of pastoral populations in Africa and the trends of drought
tendency in the 21st century are looked into. It is essential to study the patterns of droughts and
devise innovative policies to control the drought-like conditions in Africa. Climate scientists and
practitioners need to stud the role of climate change while the drought events are still unfolding.
Scientific expertise and high-quality observational data are crucial here.
Gies, L., Agusdinata, D. B., & Merwade, V. (2014). Drought adaptation policy development
and assessment in east africa using hydrologic and system dynamics modeling. Natural
Hazards, 74(2), 789-813.
This article emphasizes on how lack of rainfall can impact people, animals, and crop
yields. Frequent droughts are a significant concern for developing countries like Africa. The

SUBJECT: ENGLISH 3
authors discuss the hydrologic and system dynamics model that is focused on the Horn of Africa.
Multiple decades in this region had led to devastating impacts. The article provides useful
information on how hydrologic and system dynamics model can help understand
interdependencies between availability of water, land degradation, and harvests. Innovative
hydrologic systems and policy changes can help analyze the water availability and scarcity in
Africa and negate the adverse impact of water scarcity on natural systems. This article provides
examples and expert opinions that can be used in my project.
Gan, T. Y., Ito, M., Hülsmann, S., Qin, X., Lu, X. X., Liong, S. Y., . . . Koivusalo, H. (2016).
Possible climate change/variability and human impacts, the vulnerability of drought-prone
regions, water resources and capacity building for Africa. Hydrological Sciences Journal,
61(7), 1209-18.
In this article Gan et al. review the influences of water assets and historical droughts in
Africa. The authors use data gained through the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and
Coupled Model Intercomparison to study the vulnerability of the region due to global warming
and drought-prone regions. Their research focuses on aspects like declining precipitation and soil
moisture in the twenty first century that could further add to the effect of droughts. The article
would be useful to add to the research topic on the droughts in Africa. The authors discuss how
satellite data can help build the infrastructure and non-structural solutions for Africa.
Yang, H., & Huntingford, C. (2018). Brief communication: Drought likelihood for east
Africa. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 18(2), 491-497.
The authors discuss if elevated greenhouse gas emissions can alter the frequency of
extreme rainfall deficits in Africa that has already caused malnutrition and death. Millions of
people across East Africa need food, water, and medical assistance. This article would add useful