2INTRODUCTION TO SUBSTANCE USE & MISUSE PubMed and CINAHL. In the CINAHL data base the search parameters were (Predictors ORprecipitating) AND (Drugs OR substance) AND (incarceration OR imprisonment).The advancedsearch criteria was “incarceration and substance abuse”. Articles were also searched throughPubMed by using the MESH term “Incarceration” AND MESH term “drugs". The search wasfurther narrowed by using the limiters AND '' health burden". From 8 articles 2 peer reviewedarticles were selected for the critical analysis. Both the articles contained the differentprecipitating factors for the drug abuse among the prisoners. Their contribution to the physicaland the mental health of the prisoners as well as the prevalence of the increased crime wasanalyzed. CritiqueHigh mortality rates have been found in people, who have been released from the prisonin comparison to the general population. This paper discus about the potential risk factors of thesubstance use in the mortality of the exprisoners and the association between the psychoticdisorders due to substance abuse among the prisoners released from a prison in Sweden (Changet al., 2015). The study population is all the prisoners who have been behind the bars since Jan 2000and released before Dec 2009 in a prison of Sweden. All the risk factors and the external; causessuch as suicide, accidents and homicides are taken into consideration for assessing the mortalityafter their release form the prison. As per the results there were about 47326 individuals thathave been released from the prison during that time. 42% of 43480 men and 64% of 3486women had psychotic disorders related to substance abuse. The longitudinal cohort study couldactually prove that substance use is associated to an increased rate of mortality among the ex-

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