Design and Construction of Earthquake Resistant Buildings

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CONSTRUCTION OF EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT BUILDINGS
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Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Research background.................................................................................................................3
1.3 Project aims and objectives.......................................................................................................4
1.4 Significance of the research.......................................................................................................4
2.0 Literature review........................................................................................................................5
2.1 Measuring of earthquakes..........................................................................................................5
2.2 Effects of earthquakes on the reinforced concrete buildings.....................................................5
2.3 Structural framing......................................................................................................................6
2.4 Requirements for structural safety.............................................................................................7
2.4 Practices and technology for low cost earthquake resistance construction...............................9
Use of waste tire pads......................................................................................................................9
2.6 Significance of studying earthquakes......................................................................................10
3.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY............................................................................................11
3.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................................11
3.2 review of the Secondary sources.............................................................................................12
3.3 mathematical models...............................................................................................................12
4.0 PROJECT PLANNING AND GHANTT CHART.................................................................13
5.0 Conclusion...............................................................................................................................14
6.0 References................................................................................................................................15

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DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT BUILDINGS
1.0 Introduction
Natural disasters refer to the natural unexpected occurrences which have greatly affected human
beings since the dawn of existence. In response to this occurrence, there have been great attempts
made to control their divesting effects. So far what has been achieved is very encouraging in the
developed countries but very devastating in the developing countries. The occurrence of
earthquakes is considered as among the greatest hazards on earth which have taken toll on
human life and property since ancient times.
In most parts of the world mitigating the effects caused by the earthquakes is one of the prime
goals of the various governments. Since the occurrence of the earthquake is unpreventable and
unpredictable, the only available option is to design and build houses and other structures which
are resistant to earthquakes. A lot of efforts has been put in place regarding to this in many parts
of world. This is approved by the minimal damage and causalities that is witnessed when severe
earthquakes strike. In situations where buildings are constructed to be earthquake resistant the
devastation caused by the earthquakes will be reduced.
1.1 Research background
Very significant advancements have been made regarding the design and construction of
earthquake resistant buildings. This can be associated to the experimental and analytical research
that has been conducted in various parts of the world as well as the experience that has been
gained from inspecting the damages caused by the recent earthquakes. Despite the achievement
that have been achieved in this field, essential gaps still remain in our understanding of the

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seismic character of the reinforced concrete structures and many areas exist in which specialists,
both the practitioners and the researchers like continue to disagree (Khan, 2018, p. 54).
The term earthquake refers to the shaking of the earth’s surface, resulting from the sudden
release of energy in the earth’s surface which generates seismic waves. This energy can be
produced by the by the sudden dislocation of the segments of the crust, the volcanic eruption or
even by the artificial explosions.
1.3 Project aims and objectives.
The major aim of this project will be to carry out a research regarding to the design and
construction of earthquake resistant buildings. With that various specific objectives were set to
aid in achieving the main aim of the research and they include;
1. Finding out the effects which the earthquakes have on the reinforced concrete structures.
2. Analyze the various technologies and practices that can be used for the construction of
low cost earthquake resistant buildings
3. Carrying out an in depth literature survey regarding to the design and construction of
earthquakes resistant buildings (Chorro, 2015, p. 163).
1.4 Significance of the research
The findings that will be achieved from this research will be very essential in assisting the
various parties involved in developing ways through which it can be possible to design and
construct earthquake resistant buildings. The number of lives and properties that are lost due to
the earthquakes will significantly reduce with the construction of the earthquake resistant
buildings.