Earthquake Risk Management for Gujarat, India

Research Report
Earthquake risk management for Gujarat, India
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Research Report
Contents
Aim & Objectives............................................................................................................................3
Methodology....................................................................................................................................3
Understanding Earthquake...............................................................................................................4
Levels of Disaster.........................................................................................................................4
Trigger Mechanism......................................................................................................................5
Earthquake Hazard Analysis in Gujarat.......................................................................................5
Earthquake Vulnerability Analysis..............................................................................................6
Earthquake Capacity Analysis.....................................................................................................8
Strategies for Risk Management......................................................................................................8
Risk Analysis...............................................................................................................................8
Mitigation Measures..................................................................................................................10
Preparedness Measure................................................................................................................11
Capacity Building Measures......................................................................................................11
Training......................................................................................................................................12
Awareness..................................................................................................................................12
Disaster Risk Management Programs........................................................................................12
Disaster Relief............................................................................................................................13
Disaster Declaration...............................................................................................................13
Incident Response System......................................................................................................13
Standard Operating System....................................................................................................14
Emergency Support Functions...............................................................................................14
Conclusions....................................................................................................................................15
References......................................................................................................................................16
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Research Report
Aim & Objectives
The aim of this research is to develop a Risk assessment and its mitigation program for
earthquakes in Gujarat, India. This aim would be achieved by achieving the following objectives:
1. To understand emergency management systems and programs
2. To identify assessment factors for testing environmental vulnerabilities
3. To provide support for land and nature conservation to the region
4. To explore alternatives for disaster management and risk mitigation so that conflicts
between authorities are well managed
5. To involve stakeholders for gathering information that can help enhance the quality of the
environment in the region
6. To devise strategies for minimizing losses to infrastructure through disaster management
Methodology
Disaster management mechanism exists both at local level in Gujarat and national level in India
which involves the complete management of disasters in Gujarat beginning from policy
development to its implementation. Different agencies or authorities play different roles at
national and state level. At national level, agencies that operate in India include National Disaster
Management Authority (NDMA), National Executive Committee (NEC), National Institute of
Disaster Management (NIDM), and Agency Providing Early Warning Information. At state
level, major agencies operating in Gujarat on risk management include Gujarat State Disaster
Management (GSDMA), Gujarat Institute of Disaster Management (GIDM), State Fire &
Emergency Services, State Crisis Groups, and institute of Seismological Research (ISR), and
Bhaskaracharya Institute for Space Applications and Geo-Informatics (BISAG).
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Research Report
Understanding Earthquake
An earthquake involves a series of vibrations emerging on the surface of the earth resulting from
seismic waves causing sudden ruptures inside earth happening due to release of energy from the
accumulated stress. The focus of earthquake is on the epicenter from where the waves emerge
and the damage that an earthquake causes is influenced by the focal depth from this epicenter.
Levels of Disaster
Different levels of disasters can be categorized into L0, L1, L2, and L3 based on how they can be
managed. At L0 level, the disaster is normal and can be managed with prevention, preparation
and capacity building through training and updating. L1 level disasters can be managed at district
level. L2 level disasters need mobilization of resources from states. L3 level disasters can also
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