Environmental Pollution and Industrial Ecology

The provided report emphasizes the importance of environmental protection in industries, encouraging them to work progressively under set rules to minimize waste pollution. It highlights the specific impact of waste pollution on soil, vegetation, and human health, as well as standards for pollutants and their control methods.

Ecology and
Sustainability

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
(a) Air, Noise, Water and about the Solid waste production problems for the Hydramet water
treatment plant........................................................................................................................1
(b) Relevant standards set by the administration for the management of this pollution........6
(c) Impact of the wastes on the air, soil, water, vegetation and human..................................8
(d) About short term and long term pollution control measures solutions for pollution
problems...............................................................................................................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
The following report will be addressing about various development factors of the
Ecological and Sustainable development along with their effects on the Environment. These
effects may affect adversely or in promotional manner to the Environmental and its factors such
as, these activities may lead into Air, Water, Noise and other solid waste production. In addition
to all this, it will also be providing information about its impacts on the other human activities
such as to the quality of soil and to the vegetation process. In this study it is throwing light on the
above stated issues and topics discussing about the “Hydra-met water treatment plant” in
Australia.
(a) Air, Noise, Water and about the Solid waste production problems for the Hydramet water
treatment plant
Here are some major pollution types and their sources along with their limits which is set
by the National Environment Protection Council, Australia.
Pollution type Source About Observed
quantity
Approxima
ted
Quantity
Allowable
limit by
the
System
Air pollution It is majorly
affected by the
waste
generated
these
industries such
as introduction
of harmful
gases and
others.
These treatments
plant puts huge
adverse and
supporting impact on
the environment in
various directions.
The emission of
waste into the
environment such as
smoke from these
treatment plants and
other emission of
polluting and harmful
This water
treatment
industry is
using various
gases such as
Chlorine and
others for their
water
treatments and
it is hard to
calculate the
amount of
introduction of
These
industries
are
producing
around 8.5
ppm in
more than
8 hours.
(For
Carbon
monoxide
it is 9.0
ppm for 8
hours)
(For
Nitrogen
Oxide it is
0.12 ppm
per hour)
(For Photo
chemical
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gases. In context to
air pollution, it is
quite difficult to
estimate about the
quantity of gas
emission in the
surrounding, because
of the wind speed and
its direction which
dilutes the impact and
polluting air (Fang
and Law, 2016). The
increase in wind's
speed reduces the
impact and
concentration. The
emulation of various
impurities such as
raw fibres which can
affects in various
hearing problems
along and breathing
problems in human
along with all these
the huge emulation of
carton and other
pollutants are
adversely affecting
the health of an
individuals and
arising several
these gases in
air because of
high wind
speed.
oxidants it
is 0.10
ppm)
(Sulfur
dioxide is
0.20 ppm
per hour)
(0.50
μg/m3)
(For the
Particles
as PM10 it
is 50 μg/m3
per day)
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environment
disorders like Global
Warming and others.
Water
pollution
The major
cause of water
pollution is
because of the
industries
water
introduction in
water bodies
and their other
activities and
pollution
production by
the humans
This Hydra met water
treatment plant is
built to treat the waste
water and turning it
into the clean and
fresh water for the use
in different works and
for drinking. This
plant is built to treat
the water unhealthy
water, along with
removing of various
sludge and other
chemical from the
water and turning it
into clean and safe
water (Lelieveld and
et.al., 2015).
On estimating the
rate of waste water
production it is come
to know that one
habitant uses almost
around 100-300 L per
day (Leigh and Li,
2015). Because of the
waste projection in
the rivers and other
It is very low
in Australia
amount of
running from
the turn up.
This
industry
works in
order for
the
treatment
of waste
and
polluted
water in
Australia.
It is 0.5,
0.1, 0.01,
0.5, 0.04,
0.001
amount
the set
amount
for the
water for
Iodide,
Iprodione,
lead,
Manganes
e, MCPA,
and
Mercury
respective
ly.
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water bodies by the
industries the rate of
water pollution is
continuously
increasing and
causing various issues
regarding to the
health and
environment, these
waste projection in
the water bodies is
also highly impacting
on the aquatic
animals and leads
many of these aquatic
animals to the
Endangered species.
Noise and
solid waste
production
Traveling
vehicles,
Tunneling
activities and
other
machines in
the water
treatment
plants.
As such there are no
major effect on the
noise pollution by the
cited company as it is
outside the main city,
but even though while
treating the water for
its purification it
products huge amount
of noise which may
leads the employees
to various hearing
issues and may cause
complete deftness if
It is found that
the sound
producing by
the company is
less than 85 db
(<85).
Solid waste is
around 2.5%
Approxima
tely around
70 db
Solid water
production
around 90
kg/ gallon
of water.
It is the
set limit
for that
the socund
must be
less than
85 db.
Solid
waste not
should be
more than
10% of
the Raw
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they are continuously
coming in contact
with such large
sound.
Solid waste pollution
consists of garbage,
sludge and other
waste products which
is produced by the
waste water treatment
plants, air pollution
control facilities and
other water treatment
plant which consists
of liquid, solid and
other contained
gaseous materials
which are produced
because of various
industrial,
commercial
agricultural and
mining activities.
The solid material
which is irrigated
from the industries
puts huge impact on
the nature and the
adversely affects the
surrounding
environment. In order
material.
5

for the maintenance
of materials in
irrigation return flow
or in the industrial
discharges all these
companies are point
source subjected to
the permit under 32
USC 1342, as
amended (86 Stat.
880) and other acts
for the betterment of
an environment such
as by- products or
special nuclear
material which comes
under Atomic Energy
act 1954 (Inestrosa
and et.al., 2015).
(b) Relevant standards set by the administration for the management of these pollutions
Source Pollution type Allowable limit Standards
Various gases and
from the other harmful
products
Air It is the limit that non
of the company can
exceed from 9.0 per
part million in every
Eight Hours
Smoke free
environment
regulation 2007
Protection of
Environment
administration
regulation 2007
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Protection of the
Environment
operations act 199 and
other.
Air Pollution issues: - There are various communities along with System of Australia
are working for the management of these Air pollutants and controlling of air pollution by these
various gases and from the other harmful products, in this a set particular ranges for different
harmful gases to which their emulation in the surrounding is acceptable by the companies are
discussed as above.
Water Pollution: - These standard are set by the Local authorities & administration and
all the industries in Australia has to promote their potential activities abiding to these set
standard and rules.
Source Pollution type Allowable limit Standards
Addition of the
various chemicals such
as, Nitrogen,
Phosphorus, and other
suspended solids
Water Pollution It is required to the for
every industry to
release their waste in
water bodies after all
the set regulation
Water act 2007,
Water Amendment
regulation 2012,
Sydney Water order
2011 and others.
These are some standard which are required to be followed by the water treatment plant
for their waste production and other processes. According to the standards for controlling water
pollution, industries are only allowed to release some standard amount of quantity as the waste to
the surrounding such as according to the standards it is only allowed to release 0.03 gm per litre
of Biochemical Oxygen into the surrounding, similarly there are standards for other waste release
such as Only 0.012 gm of nitrogen is allowed to be released per litre by the industries, and in
case of Phosphorus only 0.003 gm/ litre is applicable and for the release of suspended solid all
the industries are allowed to release their waste only to the specific place which have to be
maintained by the companies and the amount which is allowed is only 0.032 gm/ litre (Leigh and
Li, 2015).
Source Pollution type Allowable limit Standards
Solid waste's left from Solid waste To be followed under Environmental
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the demolition
Fats introduction and
others
the standard of the
organization.
Management and
pollution control
regulation 2010,
Environment
protection council act
1995 no. 4 and others
Noise Pollution: -
Source Pollution type Allowable limit Standards
Excessive sound from
the machines,
Other excessive
sounds from various
processes
Noise pollution It should be less than
85 db for 8 hours.
National Environment
protection Council Act
1995 no. 4,
Environment
Protection Act 1997,
and others
The main aim of these regulation act is to ensure the protection of employees and other
society functions from the excessive amount of noise production. As according to the set
standard the employees must have to be provided with protection zone from the excessive noise
and which is more than 85 decibels (Bozinovic and Pörtner, 2015). There are also an exposure
limit of the 87 decibels to which every industry has to follow and their working process must be
less than this set level by the Local Authorities and the administration of the country.
(c) Impact of the wastes on the air, soil, water, vegetation and human
Subjects having Major impacts Various Impacts of the waste
Human By air pollution, human's breathing can be
negatively impacted as sometime they may
face the issue related to asthma and other
respiratory diseases.
Due to wastage human's immune system,
endocrine and reproductive system can
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damage.
In addition to this, high levels of particle
pollution have associated with higher incidents
of heart problem. Due to the waste, human may
face the issue elated to the irritation of eye,
nose, throat, coughing, chest tightness,
wheezing, and thee may increase the chances
of heart attack
Due to the water wastage by chemical such as
heavy metals, lead pesticides, human nervous
system, liver, kidney can negatively affect
which occurs the risk of cancer (Smith, Lyons
and Sauer-Thompson, 2016).
Water Water pollution influence the entire biosphere
like plants , organism living in the water. Due
to the polluted waste, various diseases can
occurs like typhoid, hookworm , amoebiasis
etc. Due to these muddy water, human being
are largely negatively impacted.
Water pollutant largely affect the water of the
earth which affect all human, animal etc.
Due to the garbage, trash and litter, water
quality can negatively influence and human
can become ill due to drunk this water. In a
simple word it can be said that water pollution
is a change of state water reservoirs which
decrease the water quality and impact on the
human life.
Air In context to the air pollution, direct removal
of the harmful gases and other material into the
9

air produces various health issues regarding to
the environment and individuals. This
introduction of harmful gases produces huge
impact such as breathing problems in human
and various health issues and may even result
to cause cancer.
Due to these waste, air can also negatively
influenced on the earth. In addition to this, the
burning of the fossil fuel and the release of the
carbon dioxide can negatively affect the
atmosphere through which causing the earth to
become warmer.
Other than these harmful gases, the
introduction of indirect waste by industries
also result in various health problems like
fibres which is released by the textile industries
adversely affects to the body such as various
hearing issues arises. In indirect air pollution it
also consists of indeed, sludge and others
(Huang, Wu and Yan, 2015).
Vegetation and to the Soil Extravagant realising of nitrogen, phosphorus
and other chemical result in changing the
nature and this also adversely affect to the
vegetation rate and their quality.
(d) About short term and long term pollution control measures solutions for pollution problems
In order for controlling the pollution these are various short terms controlling measures
and the long term controlling measures are developed such as-
Pollution type Short term Control Long term Control
Air Controlling measures in which system Appropriate treating of compound
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can apply the placement of various
sensors such as CH4, H2S and other gas
detecting sensors which will provide
regular information about the rate of
pollution and leads to the raise in several
steps for controlling pollution.
on its most suitable temperature
will result in higher amount of
production this will emit very less
amount of gases.
Plantation of Trees can result in
balancing of the adverse effect and
the chimney at the industries must
be upgraded with the latest
charcoal filters.
Water Nutrients control methods can applicable
such as in industries before the treated
water is rejected in the river it should be
checked properly on regular basis that
the content of chemical is always less
than the highest standards (Meerow and
Newell, 2015).
The rate of removal of nitrogen
and phosphorus should be
improved in water bodies, along
with various processing such as
using treatment plants on regular
basis in small amount of the water
body.
Initiatives can be taken by the
administration and local industries
for the controlling of pollution
(Deutz and Ioppolo, 2015).
Noise pollution For the controlling of noise pollution
these industries can apply proper fitting
of the machines and rubber packing can
be applicable to reduce vibration and
noise from the machines in industries
Promotional activities for
encouraging people to reduce most
possible amount of noise
production.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can summarise that the protection of Environment is very much
crucial and industries should work progressively in order to work under the set rules of the
system. Along with all this the above report is also focusing towards the specific impact of these
11

waste pollution, pollution of soil impacts on vegetation along with human and about the
standards for the above listed pollutants and their controlling methods.
12