Theories, Principles, and Models in Education and Training

Theories principles
and models in
education and
training

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY.............................................................................................................................3
1.1 Analyse theories and models of learning.........................................................................3
1.2 Ways of applying theories and models of learning..........................................................4
1.3 Models of learning preferences........................................................................................4
1.4 Identify and take account of learners’ individual learning...............................................5
TASK 2......................................................................................................................................6
In PPT.....................................................................................................................................6
TASK C......................................................................................................................................6
3.1 analyse theories and models of assessment......................................................................6
3.2 Application of theories and models of assessment..........................................................7
TASK D.....................................................................................................................................7
4.1 Analysis theories of curriculum development..................................................................7
4.2 Application of theories of curricular development..........................................................8
TASK E......................................................................................................................................9
5.1 analysis theories of reflection and evolution....................................................................9
5.2 Application of theories and models of reflection and evolution......................................9
CONCLUSION........................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES.........................................................................................................................11
Books and Journals:.............................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
It is important to understand the importance of literacy which is continuously
increasing. It provides opportunities in order to grow the economy of the country. This report
aims to analyse the borders theories related to education and training. It will discuss theories
related to learning, teaching and assessment (Kouni, Koutsoukos and Panta, 2018). Moreover,
to this, they will be a discussion of theories and models of communication and the
development of the curriculum. Teachers are required to apply these theories and models in
order to make an inclusive learning environment. Inclusive learning is the mean objective of
the organisations of education because of this theories and model are apply in education and
training.
MAIN BODY
1.1 Analyse theories and models of learning
Learning is found to an important process in which students are focusing on learning
something new that they did not know before them. It is the fact learning is a never-ending
process. That means it one and it does not require age (Bommasani and et.al., 2021). In the
case of education and training the teachers required theories and models which is related to
the learning so students are able to learn new knowledge and skills. The analysis of different
theories and models related to learning a mentioned below:
Behaviourism theory: It is found to be an old theory of learning which was
developed by an experiment of Pavlov on the dog. The quality of learning provided influence
this theory and place. Teacher at the centre position in learning process. It strict and
necessary for the students follow the instruction of teachers as they are at the centre position
of the learning process. For the application of this theory, a teacher is required to create
games and quizzes along with the punishment and rewards because without return students
are not able to take interest in these types of activities.
 Strength: It is an important theory as it provides the opportunity for the students to
gain information and knowledge with the instruction of teachers.
 Weaknesses: This theory is not as effective to accomplish the individual needs of
learners as they place the teacher is at the centre position in learning process which
results negligence of students' requirement.

Cognitivism theory: Cognitive theory is developed by Piaget which states that
changes in mental behaviour of a student are constant in nature or it will definitely happen in
the future (Al-Shammari, Faulkner and Forlin, 2019). It suggested that students should learn
only with the help of effective mentor processing and that's why teachers are required to
create strategies for engaging them in the classroom. The teachers are required to ensure that
students should alert their mental state during the process of learning so that they are able to
achieve the highest level of knowledge.
 Strength: It is found that this theory is very effective in order to make the alert mind
state of a student in the classroom and also very helpful for engagement of students.
 Weaknesses: It requires lots of effort and sometimes it becomes very difficult for
Teachers to understand the needs of students.
1.2 Ways of applying theories and models of learning
It necessary to apply the models or theories of learning in the regular practices of a
teacher as it helps in engagement of learner. Behaviourism theory can applied in the daily
practices of teaching by teachers such as punishment in rewards in their quizzes and game
session. That means if the teachers have conducted any games and quizzes then it becomes
necessary to provide an important punishment and rewards because then only students are
able to take interest in these activities. On the other hand, cognitivism theory can be applied
in learning when teachers teach important tools and techniques inteaching. By the use of this
tool student gaining the highest level of knowledge just like spider maps, mind mapping, etc.
With the help of these tools students do daily practice, they are able to more engage in the
classroom and take interest in the topics.
1.3 Models of learning preferences
Learning preferences refers knowing needs and requirements of students by teachers
(Han and et.al., 2018). It is important to understand every student have different needs or
wants and it is not necessary that it will be similar to other students that's why understanding
their preferences is very important. Similarly, it is not necessary that every student can learn
the knowledge and skills with the same practice. That means it may be possible that students
learn the knowledge in different ways. That's why it becomes necessary for teacher to analyse
the learning preferences it helps the teacher to make the class interactive and more effective
learning. For that purpose one important model is found that includes the VARK model. This