Chronic Age-Related Health Problems, Communication Strategies, Legal and Ethical Issues in Elder Care, and Nursing Care for Older Patients

This article covers various topics related to elder care, including chronic age-related health problems, communication strategies for elderly patients, legal and ethical issues in elder care, and nursing care for older patients. It also discusses the changes in sensory, cardiac, respiratory, neurological, musculoskeletal, genitourinary, endocrine, and skin integrity functions in older patients. The article cites various sources to support the information provided.

Questions

TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUESTION 1...................................................................................................................................3
QUESTION 2...................................................................................................................................3
QUESTION 3...................................................................................................................................3
QUESTION 4...................................................................................................................................4
QUESTION 5...................................................................................................................................4
QUESTION 6...................................................................................................................................4
QUESTION 7...................................................................................................................................5
QUESTION 8...................................................................................................................................5
QUESTION 9...................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

QUESTION 1
The common chronic age related health problem including their impact are as follows-
 The first chronic health problem relates with the heart disease. The impact of heart disease is
negative over the person’s health.
 Another chronic disease faced by the age related but is cancer which impacts the lung of the
person.
 Along with this one psychological problem is depression. This affects the mental status of
the person to a great extent.
 Another chronic disease includes diabetes which affects the sugar level of the person.
QUESTION 2
 The communication strategy used for dealing with hearing impairment person is to speak
slowly and clearly without shouting or exaggerating the mouth movement.
 The communication strategy used to deal with person having slow to speech is to use short
Phrases and hand gestures (Tun, Madanian and Mirza, 2021).
 Communication strategy for person having vision impairment is to speak directly to the
person and not with any other individual or guide.
 The strategy used to communicate with legally blind client is to use simple language and
clear words in order to communicate.
QUESTION 3
These steps taken for making a nose care plan for an old patient admitted to aged care facility
involves the following steps-
 The first step involved assessing the requirement of the patient.
 The next step involves deciding the diagnosis which will be provided to the patient for
improving their health.
 The third step involves planning for the outcome which are intended to treat the patient.
 The fourth step involved implementation of teeth planning and outcomes relating to the
person.
 The last step involves evaluating the whether the proper nursing care have been provided
to the patient or not.

QUESTION 4
The different legal requirement and possible ethical issues with an age kept practice for elder
abuse involves autonomy, beneficence, non- malfeasance, justice and others (Wang and et.al.,
2018).
The four possible signs of elder abuse involve the following-
 Injuries like cut, broken bones and others
 Poor hygiene
 Withdrawal from family members and friends
 Malnourishment and weight loss
QUESTION 5
The dual diagnosis is being defined as the situation when a person has diagnosis of a both the
substance use disorder and the mental health disorder. The three issues faced by nurses while
dealing with dual diagnosis patient are as follows-
 Higher rate of relapse
 More suicidal attempt and ideation
 It requires specialization by the nurse for dealing with these types of the patient
QUESTION 6
 The untreated or chronic pain affects the quality of life of the person and trigger the
behaviour is well. The strategy to manage it involves nonopioid medication and non
pharmacological treatment.
 The physical trigger which contributes is not wearing the prescribed hearing aids or using
any alternative listening devices will affect the person’s physical status. Hence for
dealing with these proper prescribed hearing aids must be used.
 Loud noises trigger the physical behaviour of the person and the strategy to deal with this
is too low down the noise so that it does not affect the mental status of the person
(Göstemeyer, Baker and Schwendicke, 2019).
 The crowded area also triggers the behaviour of the older person and the strategy to
manage this is to avoid taking old of people to crowded area.

 The feeling depressed as families not visiting the person affect the mental and physical
behaviour of the person (Kim and et.al., 2018). Hence for this strategy use must involve
the family members to meet the person regularly.
 Asking the client to do activities that the client resist will definitely affect the behaviour
of the person and for this the strategy used must be to avoid those things or must explain
the benefits of those activities and then motivate the older person to do that ask.
QUESTION 7
 The legal ramification relating to Physical restraint involves that it violets the resident’s
right to freedom and dignity.
 For the limitation and the legal ramification relating to chemical restrained involves loss
of memory, agitation, withdrawal and depression, loss of mobility strength, low blood
pressure and many other different aspects.
 The legal ramification relating to the psychological restraint is that the person might get
mentally and stable because him they are continuously told to not do any task.
QUESTION 8
 The legislation or assessment tool for advance care directive involves common law
advanced care director and statutory advanced care directors which exist in all the states
and territories of except for Queensland.
 The age to care Act 1997 is a legislation which assist in outlining the obligations and
responsibility which the age care provider have to follow in order to receive the subsidies
from the Australian government. This is relevant and the age care sector as it provides
based to take care of the people.
 This legislation relating to each care funding instrument is it tool which is being used in
measuring that how much subsidy your residential age care facilities receiving in order to
cover the cost of care for each of the resident being present (Sudo and et.al., 2018).
 This carer recognition legislation that is care recognition act 2010 was commenced in
order to increase the awareness and recognition of carers which contribute to the society.
 The age to care risk classification system is another legislative body which classify the
age care residence and helps in determining the funding in stopping requirement of them.

 The code of ethics for nurses in Australia and the court of professional conduct for nurses
include the different types of ethical aspects which the noses have to follow along with
the midwifery during the working in each care sector.
 Legislation relating to the residential care quality assessment involves the part that this is
a national body which addresses that absence of national quality monitoring assessment
can affect the age care sector full stops then this ensures that there is proper age care be
provided.
QUESTION 9
 The sensory function changes for example the vision reduces when the person ages.
Another example is that the hearing capacity of the older people is also less (Challis and
et.al., 2018). This affects the nursing care because nurses are not able to manage the
situation of the older person.
 The cardiac function brings high changes within theme older people. For example the
heart pumping becomes low or another example can be the atom the blood circulation
also reduces. This also affects the nursing care because nurses have to pay extra attention
to the patient.
 The respiratory function changes involve lowering down the breathing capability or
feeding up of the breathing capacity. The nurses are affected because they have to
manage the breathing capability of the person.
 Neurological function involves changes within the drain and related aspects. This affects
the nursing care because the nurse has to ensure that the person is well stable and
mentally stable.
 Musculoskeletal function like breakage in bones or muscles affects the person to a great
extent. This affect the nursing care as well as now the nurse has to pay extra tension to
the patient because they cannot move or walk.
 Genitourinary function like a changes in kidney structure or the functioning of kidney
affect the nurses to a great
 The endocrine function also makes changes within the physiological state of the human
body for example changes in sleep patterns or reduction in the metabolic rate (Wyman,
Shiovitz-Ezra and Bengel, 2018). This affects the nursing care because they have to
ensure that the metabolic rate is stable.

 Skin integrity affects the nursing care because there are many different changes in skin
which can affect the treatment which nurse is providing.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Challis, D., and et.al., 2018. Care management in social and primary health care: the Gateshead
Community Care Scheme. Routledge.
Göstemeyer, G., Baker, S. R. and Schwendicke, F., 2019. Barriers and facilitators for provision
of oral health care in dependent older people: a systematic review. Clinical oral
investigations. 23(3). pp.979-993.
Kim, Y. S., and et.al., 2018. Unmet healthcare needs of elderly people in Korea. BMC
geriatrics. 18(1). pp.1-9.
Sudo, K., and et.al., 2018. Japan's healthcare policy for the elderly through the concepts of self-
help (Ji-jo), mutual aid (Go-jo), social solidarity care (Kyo-jo), and governmental care
(Ko-jo). Bioscience trends. 12(1). pp.7-11.
Tun, S. Y. Y., Madanian, S. and Mirza, F., 2021. Internet of things (IoT) applications for elderly
care: a reflective review. Aging clinical and experimental research. 33(4). pp.855-867.
Wang, Z., and et.al., 2018. Social health insurance, healthcare utilization, and costs in middle-
aged and elderly community-dwelling adults in China. International journal for equity
in health. 17(1). pp.1-13.
Wyman, M. F., Shiovitz-Ezra, S. and Bengel, J., 2018. Ageism in the health care system:
Providers, patients, and systems. In Contemporary perspectives on ageism (pp. 193-
212). Springer, Cham.