View-Independent Face Recognition

Running head: ELUSIVE QUALITY OF TRUTH
Elusive Quality of Truth
Name of the student
Name of the University
Author note

1ELUSIVE QUALITY OF TRUTH
Introduction
Truth means being in accordance with fact or the reality that establishes the
authenticity of an idea. It is opposed to concepts of falsehood which indicates deviation from
the norms of truth. Concept of truth have been discussed in various contexts which includes
philosophy, art and theology. There are some philosophers who think that concept of truth is
basic and it cannot be explained with any other terms. The philosophers think that truth is
objective and the patterns of truth does not change on the basis of situations. The absolute
truth have been found to be true in all kinds of circumstances and it is something which
cannot be modified. The meaning of the truth varies on the basis of the perception and the
perspective of an individual. The perceiving of the “true” world have become difficult in
modern age. This essay elaborates on elusive quality of the truth and how the nature of truth
is hidden to the individuals.
Discussion
The brain aids in the creation of subjective world that envelopes us and influences our
pattern of living in society. It can however be stated that reality encompasses a lot more than
what is perceived by an individual. Our ancestors were shrouded in doubt pertaining to nature
of truth and they died without being able to understand the actual nature of reality. It have
been brought out by modern neuroscience that the human beings try to construct the reality
and the structure world which is around them by relating it to themselves. The people want to
avoid the dangerous misinterpretations however it can be stated that subjective reality is short
of what is actually out there (Humphreys & Riddoch, 2017). The people once used to
believe that earth was flat as the people could perceive the flatness. The people interpret the
perception in the wrong manner and hence it can be asserted that the actual nature of truth is
not known to the people. The donning of the infrared goggles can make world appear strange

2ELUSIVE QUALITY OF TRUTH
and of elusive quality to an individual. The truth is fathomed by an individual on the basis of
particular circumstances and it aids in development of a vision. The perception of truth is
dependent on various kinds of factors and it differs from one individual to another individual.
What the people see, smell or hear are simply external manifestations that helps them in
reconstructing reality in their mind (Riddoch et al., 2016). The interpretation of the fact is
another important element which can provide it with a different layer of meaning. The
perception is subjective and it depends on the choice and preference of an individual.
Universe exists beyond the human reconstructions and its elusive nature cannot be grasped by
the people. The workings of the universe is mysterious and it throws challenges in minds of
people who are buffeted with various conflicting facts in life (Fleming, 2016).
The human beings are capable of processing stimuli within environment in objective
manner that helps in depicting our experience. The thalamus plays an integral role in
orchestration of cortical activity and it informs cortex regarding tasks that have to be carried
out in relation to various kinds of contexts. There exists large amount of information which
are not consciously processed and they are filtered out by the brain of an individual. Occipital
lobe is found in rear section of brain which is part of cerebral cortex. The primary function of
occipital lobe is making sense of the visual information that can enable people in
understanding things (Decramer et al., 2019). Temporal lobe is located within cerebral cortex
and it is responsible for processing auditory information. The brain is instrumental in
processing information which comes from visual stimuli however what the people sees is
what they expect of seeing. It is dependent on the preference and the expectations of an
individual. The manner of perception of environment is on the basis of “wishful thinking” of
an individual. The perception is indicative of an active process when the senses get input
from stimuli which thereby builds its own reality (Holler, Behrmann & Snow, 2019). The
human beings involve themselves in perception so that they can understand and be conscious

3ELUSIVE QUALITY OF TRUTH
regarding environment. The manner of perceiving things of the individuals is influenced by
past experiences along with stimuli which is received by receptors. It can be stated that
perception of the individuals can be changed by the expectations of the observers or the
presumptions (Giersch et al., 2016). The patterns of expectation is deeply ingrained in
individuals and it continues to affect human beings even when they are presented stimuli
which contradicts the typical perception schema. It can be difficult for the people to attain
objectivity on account of the factor of the perception of an individual.
The seeing receptors within the retina is situated in back portion of the eye. The images
which are projected is not defined in a clear manner and they are interpreted by the brain. The
bottom-up processing takes place and it transmits the images from eye to visual receiving
area of the brain. Top down processing involves our knowledge of environment that helps in
interpreting information which is perceived by us (Humphreys & Riddoch, 2016). Towards
nineteenth century, the physicist Hermann von Helmholtz was instrumental in developing
unconscious inference theory. It brings out the fact that perceptions of individuals are formed
owing to unconscious assumptions that the people have towards environment. Gestalt
psychologists talked about concept of whole being more important when compared to the
subsequent parts which was a different approach when compared to Helmholtz. The gestalt
psychologists believed in the fact that organisms have the capability of perceiving the entire
pattern and not solely the individual components (Fleming, 2016). The principles of Gestalt
psychologists harped on the fact that perception can be based on experience however built-in
principles within an individual can over-ride previous knowledge or their understanding
about the environment. The perceptions of the people align with their expectations and it
proves to be more significant for them in deduction of the truth or the reality. The people in
the society are programmed in such a manner that they lay attention on certain stimuli or the
information which are received by them. The people interpret the information on the basis of

4ELUSIVE QUALITY OF TRUTH
their personal history which have been thrust on their minds (Wastell & White, 2017). The
perceptions are also dependent on context of the situational factors and it influences the
decisions which are made by an individual. The pattern of the expectation is developed by the
individuals that teaches them important aspects and it have an effect on their manner of
perceiving the world.
It have been pointed out by Albert Einstein that reality is an illusion which have been
found to be persistent in present age. The experiences that the individuals have in their life
are instrumental in shaping their perception about world. The perceptions of the individuals
have been found to differ from one individual to another on the basis of the experiences that
the individuals have encountered in their life (Hafner, 2019). It is not possible for the
individuals to make the assumptions about the reactions of the other people towards a certain
situation. The people have to ask constantly so that they are able to reach a common
ground. The beliefs that the individuals have is found to coincide in the event of the
individuals coming together for sharing the experiences. The connection should be built
among the individuals in the society that can help them in arriving at the common in relation
to a thing.
The psychologists have unravelled concept of personality in present age which is an
important aspect of the individual identity. The people who are more open to experiencing
the changes have more chances of going through certain visual perceptions that can have a
mystical effect on their life (Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov., 2020). It can be stated to be linked to
creativity that have an influence on the life patterns of an individual. The people are
constantly filtering the sensory information that they want to focus on in their life. Gate
which lets in information for an individual and reaches consciousness have differing levels of
the flexibility. The people who are more open in society have flexible gates and they le in
more amount of information when compared to the other individuals in society. Personality

5ELUSIVE QUALITY OF TRUTH
has an effect on the process of filtering of conscious experience that helps in the process of
determination of truth for an individual. There exist the overlapping neurotransmitters within
brain which links the perception to personality of an individual. Abundance or dearth of same
neurochemical can have an effect on personality along with vision of an individual
(Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov., 2020). It have been found with the help of research that personality traits
of an individual are not fixed and they undergo the changes from time to time. The
meditation has an effect on binocular rivalry and the training makes an individual open to
various kinds of experiences. The perception also undergo the changes with the personality
traits that has an effect on his manner of viewing the world.
Visual agnosia refers to loss of ability of an individual of recognizing objects and
senses that has a detrimental effect on the senses of an individual. The visual agnosia takes
place owing to damage which is caused to anterior cortex of brain that hinders the individuals
in recognising visual objects (Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov., 2020). Visual agnosia is caused on account
of lesions on parietal, temporal or the occipital lobs of brain which helps in the process of
storing of semantic information. The strokes along with the head trauma are responsible for
giving rise to lesions which causes visual agnosia (Humphreys, Riddoch & Quinlan, 2016).
It can also be caused by dementia along with the brain cancer. It has an impact on single
information pathway of brain which causes an individual to deduce the erroneous conclusion.
The individual becomes incapable of naming or describing object which have been placed in
front of him and it deludes the senses of an individual (Riddoch et al., 2008). The individual
have the ability of touching it however he cannot describe the object in the right terms. The
people suffering from visual agnosia have to face the difficult time in deciphering true nature
of the object which is lying in front of him. It makes them feel vulnerable in the society as
they feel that they are always being deceived and deluded by the other people.

6ELUSIVE QUALITY OF TRUTH
Visual agnosia takes place when brain experiences are damaged across certain
pathways. The damage is caused to ventral object areas which makes it difficult for a person
in naming object that have been placed in front of him. The visual information is concealed
from the patient of the visual agnosia which raises the challenge for these people in having a
grasp on truth in their lives (Man & Vision, 1982). They become incapable of understanding
meaning of information that reduces their abilities of perceiving things in the society. The
people in the event of suffering from visual agnosia cannot perceive the shapes or the forms
of the object that they are seeing that gives rise to challenges for the people (Biederman,
1987). They are unable to perceive the difference in between one object and that of another
in the event of the visual inspection that makes it challenging for these people in
understanding true nature of things in their life. The people face the hurdles in the area of
recalling information that makes them take the wrong steps in their life. The individuals
suffering from brunt of visual agnosia is unable to comprehend true state of things and it
renders them vulnerable in their life.
The individuals with the primary visual agnosia face the difficulty in identifying the
people who are familiar to them. The world seems to be unfamiliar to them and they face the
insecurity in living within the framework of the society. The identification of the person by
making use of their name proves to be difficult for them that acts as a hindrance in the path of
the maintenance of the societal relations for these people (Humphreys, Riddoch & Quinlan,
2016). The identification of their surroundings proves to be a challenge for these people
which makes these people feel inadequate in the society (Milivojevic, 2012). These kind of
the people finds themselves at odds in understanding things and they are left perplexed by the
happenings that take place in their lives.
The various forms of the visual agnosia have been found to be related to right
hemianopia and there exists the visual-verbal disconnection in these kind of patients. The

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colour perception have been found to be lost in the patients that makes them unable of
understanding actual nature of things (Benson & Greenberg, 1969). The world seems to be
like an illusion for these people that makes the functioning of these people difficult in the
daily life. The things and the people who are surrounding them seems to be unreal for these
people and they are always overcome by a sense of fear in relation to their everyday existence
(Zimmermann & Eimer, 2013). They have average intelligence along with general awareness
ability however their stature is reduced in the society on account of the problem of the visual
impairment that these people suffer from. They are not able to identify the particular faces
which makes them feel different among the other people in the society. The truth is hidden
from these people owing to the disability of the individuals and it casts a shadow on their
existence in the daily life (Ganel, Tanzer & Goodale, 2008).
The patients who are of the victims of visual agnosia have often been found to name
objects that are man-made however they become impaired when they have to name the
natural occurring items like fruits and vegetables. They lack in the arena of sensory-motor
knowledge that casts gloom on the lives of the people who have to live with visual agnosia.
The damage that is perpetrated on the visual system of an individual makes him incapable of
co-ordinating the activities in his life that leaves him at a disadvantaged position in the daily
life. The patient cannot integrate the visual parts into that of a coherent whole that makes him
incapable of understanding the true nature of existence (Humphreys et al., 2016). The patient
cannot enjoy the beautiful aspects of his life that makes him feel deprived in the society. It
makes them unable of understanding the deeper significance of truth in life. The patient have
to live a life that does not enable him to fathom the hidden mysteries of the universe and the
undeniable quality of truth.
It have been brought out by the modern works that functional disturbances in relation
to visual receptors can give rise to the symptoms which is attributed to agnosia. There exists

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the sensory defect in these people that paves the path for their maladjustment in the wider
society (Funnell & Wilding, 2016). The problem of the mental deterioration that these
problem have to face in the life makes their functioning difficult for these people. The patient
cannot recognize the objects when they appear together and it arises the confusion in the
minds of these people. They cannot perceive overall meaning of picture however they can
describe them as the isolated elements. The nature of visual agnosia is complex and it paves
the path for difficulty in the lives of the people. The people who have dorsal simultagnosia
face the difficulty in reading and the simple things in life appear to be complicated for these
people. Agnosia have been found to limit everyday functioning of patients and it have a
detrimental effect on lives of the family along with the caretakers (Cavina-Pratesi et al.,
2010). It can be stated that perception is not passive and it is modulated with the help of the
attention. The people having visual agnosia lose the ability of the perception that makes it
difficult for them in understanding true pattern of things. There exists the impairment in the
colour system of the individuals on account of lesions which affects their medial occipito-
temporal region. It is indicative of loss of semantic knowledge of the colour that inhibits the
ability of perception of an individual (Elliott et al., 2009). There also exists the problem in
the colour naming that have been found to impair the abilities of an individual. The patients
face the problem of the visual difficulties and they seem to be functionally blind that conceals
truth in their everyday existence. The patients take recourse to searching frantically whatever
is around them and they want to search for the environment as they face the scepticism
regarding the things that are around them (Livingstone, 2000). They face a great deal of
doubt about the people along with the things that are surrounding them that renders them
vulnerable in life. They cannot understand meaning of the sounds which makes them feel
ineffective in their daily lives. They do not have the hold over what is happening around them
which makes them conceive of the situations to be false in life. They are incapable of

9ELUSIVE QUALITY OF TRUTH
understanding gravity of the situations that makes them feel incapacitated in their everyday
life.
Conclusion
Brain is instrumental in creating subjective world which influences pattern of living of
individuals in society. The human beings endeavour in constructing reality by associating it
with their life. Experiences which are undergone by individuals in their life shape perception
of individuals in modern society. The people who have visual agnosia lose ability of
recognition of objects which have the negative effect on senses of the individual. An
individual arrives to the faulty conclusion as they do not have the ability of understanding the
accurate picture of the events along with the situations. They are unaware of the presence of
truth in their lives as their failing senses renders them ineffective in functioning in the proper
manner in life. The people who have apperceptive agnosia cannot process the information in
the right manner as they face hindrances in the identification of shapes of the object. Picture
of same object looks different to them from the various angles and it arouses the confusion in
the minds of these people. The people suffering from the brunt of associative agnosia are
unable to match the object with that of their memory. They cannot state usage of the object
that deprives them effectively of functioning in the social lives. The people who have the
problem of the visual agnosia cannot understand the perspective of other people as they
cannot understand true meaning of facts and the events. It can hence be deduced that nature
of truth is elusive and most of the people are unaware of the true essence of the virtue of
truth.

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