Factors Affecting Employee Motivation and Strategies to Cope with Negative Factors

This report covers Maslow's Hierarchy theory of motivation, extrinsic and intrinsic motivation, factors that motivate employees to work, positive and negative experiences of employees, and strategies to cope with negative experiences of workforce.

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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
What does motivation mean?.......................................................................................................3
Maslow's Hierarchy Theory.........................................................................................................3
Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation...............................................................................................4
Factors which motivates employees to work...............................................................................5
The positive factors that influenced employees job satisfaction that are discussed below:........5
The negative factors employees experience as a result of their job roles....................................6
Strategies to cope with negative factors:.....................................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................1

Introduction
Working will help people to live their life independently with learning new things getting
more skills. The companies need to provide proper motivation to their employees so that they
work as per business goals and objectives. This report will cover the Maslow's Hierarchy theory
of motivation including extrinsic and intrinsic motivation. Further the report will describe the
factors which motivate employees to work along with the positive and negative experience of
employees. Lastly, the report will recommend the strategies which help the companies to cope
with negative experiences of workforce.
What does motivation mean?
Motivation is a process of stimulating the actions of a people or a group of people to
achieve specific goals and objectives (Hale and et.al., 2019). It is basically derived from the
word motive which means wants and desire of individuals that they want to achieve by doing
work.
Maslow's Hierarchy Theory
This is a theory which defines the five categories of human needs that dictates the
behaviour of an individual. This five category of needs is as follows:

 Physiological needs: This is basically the most basic needs of an individual such as food
and water, sufficient rest, overall health etc. This is the lower level needs which have to
be fulfilled by people. Safety needs: The next step after lower needs defines the safety needs of an individual
such as protection from inequality, violence, theft etc. Here, the companies need to make
sure that they provide them positive workplace with proper safety from fire etc. This also
involve financial and heath safety (Hopper, 2020). Love and belonging needs: On the third level of social needs, the employees wants deep
human interaction and love with each other to work happily. So, the companies have to
make sure that random group fun activities along with parties and meeting are arranged to
build emotional relation among staffs. Esteem needs: This defines the most important needs of employees which is self-respect.
Here, the companies in order to fulfil it required effective communication between
superior and subordinate. The self-confidence and independence must be a part of
company.
 Self actualization needs: The high level and most crucial human needs after all the other
needs are self actualization. This requires development of other skills, education learning,
athletes, music etc. For this, the companies need to provide work-life balance to
employees along with proper training and development sessions for their personal as well
as professional development.
Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation
The two type of motivation which the companies can provide to its employees are as follows: Intrinsic motivation: This is a motivation which is provided to the employees to do work
for which there is no obvious rewards. In this, the companies need to motivate employees
for their personal growth where no financial incentive are provided (Crandall and et.l.,
2020). For example, providing and receiving positive feedbacks, arranging sport events,
fun activities etc.
 Extrinsic motivation: In this motivation, the companies need to provide monetary
rewards to their employees for their best work and also to motivate them. This is
basically most important way which helps in driving the behaviour of the individuals

working in the companies (Oved, 2017). Employees will only work extra and in work
load when they get any financial benefits against it. For example, bonus, incentives,
increment etc.
Factors which motivates employees to work
Employee motivation is one of the important task & factor for every organization around
the world. Motivated employees bring positive work environment which increase sales,
productivity, customer service etc. The various factors which motivate employees to work are- Salary: The research said that the money is the important factor for employee motivation
because for good standard life money is important (Hadi and Tola, 2019). There is direct
link of salary with motivation, if the person is satisfied with his salary & it is sufficient
for living a comfortable lifestyle then there will be a strong motivation. If organization
pay their employees salary time-to-time & give them reward about any particular task
they did which motivates employees for doing work more efficiently. Promotion: Employee promotion means the rising of an employee to higher ranks. It
includes an increase in position, responsibilities, salary and so on. Employees give their
best & do hard work, for this company not rewarding them then they feel unmotivated
and co. lose their efficient employees. Promotion in their salary & position give them
courage to do more work and give their best which helps in increasing productivity and
profits of the company. Promotion of employees can be based on the length of service,
seniority, experience, performance etc.
 Work Environment: The most important thing that impact motivation & happiness of
employees, and how effective & coherent they can be, all this happened to their working
environment. Setting & achieving goals, clear expectations, recognition, feedback as well
as motivating management all helps to an increase in workplace motivation (Kotni and
Karumuri, 2018). A good working environment motivates employees to give the best out
of themselves.
The positive factors that influenced employees job satisfaction that are discussed below: Psychological Safety: It is essential for a great employee experience. It defines the
opportunity to be yourself in the workplace like share an opinion, speak up in a meeting,

and most importantly be susceptible- without anxiety of being humiliated or put down by
your colleagues. Psychological safety make people feel confident for admitting a mistake,
offering a new idea, asking a question, feel valued & connected with the people. Learning and Development Opportunities: Great employee experience includes having
the learning & opportunities to grow. Every person love to learn new things and tricks
which help them to being creative & innovative (Balven and et.al., 2018). Produce a
culture concerning on learning and development can mean possessing regular lunch-and-
learns, giving employees an annual learning stipend, creating an in-depth education
program for future and so on. Autonomy: This is interesting because autonomy is an important aspect in creating a
great employee experience. Autonomy to work independent without being interrupted,
independent to choose to work on the projects that value most, or freedom to check out
on their own what the company's values are. This give various advantages that employees
feel a great sense of value, more motivation to learn new skills, productivity increases
and so on.
 Work-life Balance & Flexible Working Environment: flexibility in the workplace
allows both employers and employees to compose adjustment about working provisions
that suit them. This help in boosting employee morale, better mental health, stress
reduction, motivation through greater job satisfaction and maintain a work life balance
(Kang and Busser, 2018).
The negative factors employees experience as a result of their job roles Problems with Co-workers : If employee has a problem with his co-workers it brings
negativity & demotivation. Slackers, office bullies, disagreeable co-workers lower
productivity. Co-worker's bad work habits are impacting job performance of an
employee. They produce an unpleasant work situation, anxiety & stress. Employee need
to avoid them if possible, be delightful with them when you have to work with them, talk
calmly. Workplace Ethics & Integrity Issues: Poor business and workplace ethics can be
dangerous for employees job security. Workplace ethics is defined as the moral code that
describe the behaviour of employees about what is right & wrong in concern to conduct

& decision-making (Wang and et.al., 2019). Ethical issues like discrimination &
harassment, toxic workplace culture, unrealistic and conflicting goals badly affect the
employee's morale & mental condition. Time Management: Time management is difficult for new employees in new job &
responsibilities. Time management problems are the objections individuals face when
trying to accelerate their productiveness in their career and personal life. Proper
management of time helps employees work smarter rather than harder. It gets relive of
hesitation by making sure that their task is done according to their to-do-list.
 Workplace Bullying: Bullying in the workplace badly affect the productivity &
efficiency of employees. Bullying at work includes a misuse of power, humiliating &
degrading an employee, intimidating etc. that is intentional to create & threat a risk to the
safety and heath of the employee (Kim and Beehr, 2020).
Strategies to cope with negative factors: Communicate effectively with employees: the effective communication is the best way to
overcome with negative factors an employees experience. Managers need to talk with
employees about their problems, weaknesses & any issue arise at workplace. After
concerning all problems' manager give suggestions and ideas to solve their problem.
Some great personality tests include 16 personalities, the four tendencies quiz & Myers
Briggs whatever test manager choose (Blake and et.al., 2020). The result will help
manager to better manage his team, communicate more efficiently and more
understanding of weaknesses. Create a positive work culture: It is important to form a positive culture at workplace to
prohibit negativity. The positive work culture is created through various ideas such as
recognize employees hard work, treat everyone with respect, organize fun activities
regularly and many more. These reduces stress, increase the productivity and happiness
of employees. Positive workplace also helps in increasing the employee's commitment
towards the organization & retention is reduced.
 Treat all employees equally: Partiality can cause a loss of motivation and produce a
feeling of dissatisfaction in employees. A manager duty is to treat all employees equally
stop favouritism & ensure that work protocol are obeyed by all the employees (Labrague

and De los Santos, 2020). Manager follows various strategy to prevent favouritism like
pay close attention to communication style with employees, conduct regular meeting with
all employees, give proper reason for any decision-making involving employees and so
on.
CONCLUSION
The report has concluded about the various factors such as salary, promotion, work
environment motivate employees to do more work. The report has also discussed the positive &
negative factors that employee experience at their workplace & how this factors affecting the
employees morale and productivity. This report has also shed light on using various strategies
(effective communication, create positive work culture & treat employees equally) deal with
negative factors that employee experience.

REFERENCES
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Crandall, A. and et.l., 2020. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs as a framework for understanding
adolescent depressive symptoms over time. Journal of Child and Family Studies. 29(2).
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Oved, O., 2017. Rethinking the place of love needs in Maslow’s hierarchy of
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Hadi, T. P. and Tola, B., 2019. The Effect of Transformational Leadership and Work Motivation
on Innovative Behavior. IJHCM (International Journal of Human Capital
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Management Perspectives. 32(1). pp.21-42.
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employee engagement: The role of organizational hierarchy. International Journal of
Hospitality Management. 75. pp.1-9.
Wang, L. and et.al., 2019. It’s mine! Psychological ownership of one’s job explains positive and
negative workplace outcomes of job engagement. Journal of Applied
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Kim, M. and Beehr, T. A., 2020. The long reach of the leader: Can empowering leadership at
work result in enriched home lives?. Journal of occupational health psychology. 25(3).
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Kim, M. and Beehr, T. A., 2017. Self-efficacy and psychological ownership mediate the effects
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Blake, H. and et.al., 2020. Mitigating the psychological impact of COVID-19 on healthcare
workers: a digital learning package. International journal of environmental research
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