Facilitate the Empowerment of Older People - Desklib

This article provides information on aged care services and how to empower older people. It covers topics such as service delivery models, financing options, and potential risks associated with ageing. The article also highlights the challenges faced by the aged care sector and the need for government and organizations to work together to provide better care for the elderly people.

FACILITATE THE
EMPOWERMENT OF
OLDER PEOPLE

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Activity 1A.......................................................................................................................................3
Activity 1B.......................................................................................................................................4
Activity 2A.......................................................................................................................................5
Activity 3A.......................................................................................................................................6
Activity 4A.......................................................................................................................................8
Activity 15.....................................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................16

Activity 1A
1. How can you establish rapport to develop trust?
Rapport is a kind of harmonized kinship between people who have established common trust. In
order to create rapport in front of elderly people to develop trust, actions such as clear
clarification of commitment and responsibilities should be considered, make sure that the
language is no barrier, communicate with them more often and showing gratitude are some
actions that enables an individual to develop trust factor (Schneider and et.al., 2018).
2. What is active listening and how can it promote empowerment, trust and goodwill to
promote health lifestyle practices?
Active listening refers to giving complete attention to saying of another person. It includes
listening properly along with showing interest and refraining from interrupting. Active listening
empowers companies to make effective decisions, enhanced profit margin, improve relationships
as well as trim down conflicts (Pekonen and et.al., 2020). It also helps to convey respect for
patient's self-knowledge and builds trust.
3. Give three examples of negative or disempowering communication.
 Avoidance of eye contact
 Overuse of hands
 Poor posture

4. What does the Equal Opportunity Act say about aged care providers and people’s
social, cultural and spiritual differences?
Under the Equal opportunity Act 2010, the adjustment supplier have a optimistic duty in order to
get rid of secernment, victimization as well as sexual harassment (Miikkola and et.al., 2019).
According to this law, there should not be any kind of discrimination has been entertained on the
basis of people's social, spiritual as well as cultural features and provide redress for people whose
rights have been breached.
5. What is the ‘Living Longer Living Better’ aged care reform package?

The aged care reform package builds an age care system according to which Living Longer
Living Better is a 10-year plan for the betterment of the future that cater senior Australians with
more choices, power as well as easier approach to varied services whenever they require them.
6. How can you maintain your organizational policy and procedures on privacy and
confidentiality?
 By creating thorough policies and confidentiality agreements and contracts.
 Provide them regular training sessions.
 Ensuring the storage of all the necessary information in secured system.
 Give the patients easy access to their own records so that they can operate by their own.
Activity 1B
1. What is the difference between enablers and disablers? Give three examples of
physical and social enablers and disablers impacting on health outcomes and quality
of life?
The enablers are the ones who support contextual factors and local preconditions that support
incorporated care. They are ones who effectively describe whether the complete system is
properly equipped and ready to deliver people centred coordinated care or not. While the
disablers are the ones who acquire limited conditions or physical changes may result in the
person either reducing or eliminating their actions they once enjoyed (de Carvalho and et.al.,
2017). Three enablers includes accountability and joint decision-making, patient engagement and
aligned incentives as well as reimbursement models. While three examples of disablers are
People having cerebral palsy, spinal cord injuries and pervasive development disorder.
2. Who will you need to discuss responsibilities for client’s care with?
Nurses or healthcare specialists are the people who are responsible for client's care.
3. Give two examples on how you can encourage the client to adopt shared
responsibility for own support to achieve better health outcomes and quality of life.
 Offering the patient proper advice and guidance.
 Utilization of evidence based patient's specific desires and circumstances.

Activity 2A
1. How would you identify services that could help to empower an older person?
 Brainstorming fun activities
 Low-impact weight lifting
 Assisted dancing
 Visiting botanical gardens
 Watching the performances
2. What are the benefits of formal assessments such as ACAT? What other ways can
you gather information about a client’s preferences without imposing own values
and attitudes?
With the help of ACAT, the teams of healthcare sector will able to evaluate the corporeal,
medical, mental, ethnic as well as social needs to weaken the elderly people and help them to
evaluate befitting levels (Barrett and Hinchliff, 2017). With the help of doing face to face
meetings and conversations, making follow-up calls, issue satisfaction surveys, review reports
and records, etc.
3. How can you adjust services to meet the specific needs and preferences of the older
person? Give at-least 2 examples.
 Staying active by doing volunteer work in social activities
 Provide services based on the person's preferences.
 Freedom to choose another service or ask for change
4. How can you ensure that you provide services as per your job role within
organization policies and procedures?
Services who are highly evolved and adjusted to meet patient's needs are comes under
consideration of organizational policies and procedures. Government fund services are based
upon the legislation which in turn based on the philosophies of the day.
5. What is duty of care and how can courts determine breaches? (give two examples).

A duty of care is a tort law that obligatory upon an individual necessitate adherence to a modular
of sensible care while acting any activities that could predictably damage others. The duty of
care breaches when someone is injured because of the action of another person and the
reasonable person could not act that way. Another example is that a driver may breach his duty
to other drivers to drive safely by texting while driving.
Activity 3A
1. Name five rights that you will need to assist an older person to understand.
 Be treated with complete dignity and respect.
 Be safe and provide while giving high quality care and services.
 Valuation of culture, diversity and identity.
 Live without abuse and neglect.
 Be informed about the care and services.
2. What topics might a client complain about?
 Long wait
 Repeating the patient's problem
 Programming trouble
 Disagreements with personnel
 Thought inaudible
 Not getting adequate period of time with the physician
 Confusion with insurance and billing
3. What is the process for an older person wishing to make a complaint regarding their
aged care or any such organization? If a client is not satisfied with the internal
complaints' procedure of the organization, how can you assist the person to access
other support services and complaints procedures?
Contact the Aged Care Quality and Safety Commission as anyone can make a complaint
over there in any format either in writing, email or by phone call. When any patient is not
satisfied with the preliminary inquiry then, formal investigation has been conducted in order to
assist the person in most effective manner.

4. What are the five major rights that older people have, regarding care? Give an
example for each to demonstrate that the services delivered or care provided
ensures the right of older people are upheld.
 Right to be treated with dignity: Patient call the name of the patient with complete
respect.
 To make their own decisions: Patient will decide to take medication with that specific
health care taker or not.
 Expect services to enhance capacity: Decreased in medication administration errors.
 Preserve and maintain confidentiality: Keep posted or write patient information in work
areas only.
 Choose among alternative services: Selecting the best alternative healthcare staff is the
patient's right.
5. How would you respond if you witnessed or knew an older person's rights were
being violated?
Could approach a social worker in the area or based at the local hospital in order to
explain the situation and request advice.
6. Define elderly abuse. Give examples of the signs consistent with each of the
following : financial, physical or emotional abuse or neglect of the older person?
It refers to the elder maltreatment with key facts and information on the scope of the issue
and risk factors. Unexpected burns, cuts, broken bones, be depressed, confused rock back, have
trouble sleeping, withdrawal from bank accounts, missing financial statements, sudden lose
weight, broken or missing dentures, etc. are some examples that illustrate the concept (Kayser
and et.al., 2019).
7. What are your organization's guidelines for responding to elderly abuse cases?
 Identification of whether abuse is taking place or not.
 Provide emotional support.
 Assess risk and plan safety.
 Refer.

 Documentation.
Activity 4A
1. What are living activities? Give at least three examples. How will you encourage
older people to actively engage in these activities?
Living activities refers to the people's daily self care activities such as bathing, feeding and
cleaning oneself after defecating and leisure. With the help of involving older people into regular
physical activities, muscle strengthening, balance as well as flexibility exercise plan can help to
actively engage older people into these actions.
2. What is re-ablement and effective re-ablement strategies? How can you provide
information and support to actively engage in living activities?
Re-ablement is a prearranged formulation in order to do assemblage care and services for
older people that aims to help them while effective re-establish regular surviving skills and
gathering connexion through a time constricted and goal oriented program. Promoting
independence, service delivery that promotes active engagement are few examples of re-
ablement strategies.
3. What are the general physical changes associated with ageing and it’s impact on
daily activities for older person?
As person's age increases, the bones shrivel in size and denseness. Some are much prone to break
because of bone loss. Muscles and joints may lose strength and flexibility. It has a great impact
on daily activities as it might affect one's coordination, stability as well as balance.
4. Other than the physical ones, what other changes affect the aged? What are their
symptoms and impacts?
Age, sleep and dietary habits are some changes that affect the aged people. These actions
include symptoms such as increased susceptibility to infection, great risk of heat stroke, stooped
posture, etc.

5. What strategies and opportunities to maximize engagement and promote to lead a
healthy lifestyle in older persons?
 Exercise regularly
 Do not smoke
 Getting enough sleep
 Maintaining healthy weight
 Eat a healthy diet
 Avoid chronic stress
6. Name four modifications and four aids that can help assist clients with independent
living in the older person's environment.
Four modifications are:
 Widen doorways
 Install ramps
 Flooring modifications
 Smart home devices
Four aids are:
 Supportive cushions
 Overbed tables
 Shower chairs
 Reacher grabbers
7. What options are available for financing modifications and aids?
Options are:
 My aged care home care packages
 National disability insurance scheme
 Hearing services program
 Workers compensation
 Continuance Aids payment scheme

8. What are the potential risks or situations of risk associated with ageing?
 Increase in physical health issues as well as conditions
 Heart illness
 Stroke
 Chronic pain
 Side effects from medications, etc.
9. What different communication methods can you use to help elderly people identify
situations of risk?
 Verbal communication
 Written communication
 Listening
 Visual communication
Activity 15
1. Essay
Aged care is the kind of support that has been provided to older people in their own
homes or in any aged care centre in order to help the elders in their day to day activities.
Government are highly concerned about the aged care people and thus they also provide certain
amount of funds specially for the care of eligible people (Toivonen and Saari, 2019). Within the
Australia, the aged care centres are regulated by separate organizations in various parts of the
country such as Scotland, England, Wales and North Ireland. Before entering into any care
centre, the patient needs to be followed certain assessment levels from their local council. The
whole sector consists of organizations which provide huge number of health care support to
various required people for instance, hospitals, social care support, foster caring, etc. In order to
promote the aged care group programmes, the Australian government supports Home and
Community Care programs with an aim to provide funds to various range of basic support
services in order to feeble older people and even younger people as well who are facing
functional disabilities and live within the community. The services within the aged care centres
has been given with the help of certain models of service delivery such as public health service
models, human service model as well as medical model.

Among all the other, Palliative Care Service Delivery Model provides a structure for
palliative care service providers in order to work together for the betterment of the patients and
their families (Carver and et.al., 2018). It has been evaluated that not all people need specialist
palliative care but a palliative care approach should always be available when and where it is
highly required. This model basically defines the ways in which the health services are structured
and delivered. The chosen model extremely affects the quality of the care that has been given to
the desired patients.
In order to support the people who are highly in requirement of special care, various
agencies has been started by the government of Australia which helps the people at their negative
times. Agencies such as Australian Disability Enterprises, Australian National Disability Abuse
and Neglect Hotline, National Disability Insurance Scheme, etc. (Baldwin and et.al., 2020).
Apart from this, there are various resources have been available for carers of people with
disability are My Aged Care, Carer Gateway, etc.
2. What are some key issues that older people face? What impact may these have on
the life of an older person?
Some key issues are chronic health conditions, cognitive health, physical injury,
malnutrition, oral health, substance abuse, etc. With the inclusion of certain diseases, the
common conditions in older age include hearing loss, cataracts as well as refractive errors,
backbone and neck pains, diabetes, depression, dementia and similar kind of diseases (Unbehaun
and et.al., 2018).
3. Below are realities and myths or stereotypical attitudes older people are facing today.
Write RE if it is a reality and MS if it is a myth or stereotypical attitude. Write your answers
in the spaces provided.
MS a. Older people want and are still able to lead an active, satisfying sex life.
MS b. Older people lose interests in physical relationships.
MS c. Mature aged workers are more likely to be discriminated because of age when
they look for work.

RE d. Older people find it hard to learn new things or change.
RE e. Mature aged workers are less productive than younger workers.
RE f. Older people are eager to continue learning.
MS g. Older people like to be alone and tend to withdraw from society.
4. Which of the following statements are true about the impact of social devaluation on an
older adult’s quality of life? Guidance: There are two (2) correct answers.
T a. Social devaluation puts the elderly at risk for abuse and neglect.
F b. Older adults are led to believe that they are truly worthless and that they
can no longer be as useful to the community.
F c. Social devaluation encourages elder people to lead a positive, healthy, and
active lifestyle.
T d. Social devaluation helps government think of reforms to the aged care
sector.
5. Which of the following statements accurately describe concepts of positive, active, and
healthy ageing? Guidance: There are four (4) correct answers
a. Positive, healthy, and active ageing is all about enabling older people to
take an active part in society and enjoy high-quality life.
b. Healthy ageing is doing as little activity as possible, preventing injuries.
c. Active ageing includes maximising opportunities for health, participation,
and security in enhancing the quality of life as people age.
d. Healthy ageing is about optimising opportunities for physical, social, and
mental health.

e. Positive ageing is maintaining a positive attitude, feeling good about one’s
self, staying fit and healthy as one age.
f. Healthy ageing means being able to afford expensive health care services.
6. The following are implications of different service delivery approaches and practices in
the aged care sector. Select the service delivery/approach that is described by the different
implications listed below.
Palliative Care i. It addresses the person’s pain, physical, cultural,
psychological, social, and spiritual needs.
Holistic Approach
ii. It gives more choice and flexibility to clients. Clients will
have more control over the types and care and services they
access and the delivery of those services including who
delivers the services and when.
Person centered
care
iii. It places the client at the centre of their care and care
planning and meeting their individualised needs. It aims to see
the elderly as an individual rather than someone who is
incapable. It is also about treating them with dignity and
respect.
Informed consent iv. It promotes older people’s dignity and self-worth through
developing their autonomy and independence.
Aged care homes
v. Elderly people feel deprived of authority and control over
their own lives when they are given individual support and
assistance to complete even the simplest day-to-day tasks.
Palliative care
vi. It improves the quality of life of patients and their families
facing the problems associated with life-threatening illness. It
prevents and relieves suffering through early identification,
assessment, and treatment of pain and other problems,
whether they are physical, psychosocial, or spiritual.

7. What are the physiological and psychological changes that arise with ageing?
Include sexuality and gender changes in your answer.
The blood pressure increases, cardiac outcome decreases and arteriosclerosis develops. The
lungs also shows impaired gas exchange and drop-off in vital capacity make sex more
challenging. Health issues decline sex drive or affects the orgasm level (Damant and et.al.,
2017).
8. Which strategies might an older person be able to adopt in order to promote a
healthy lifestyle? Outline at least two.
There are various strategies that has been adopted by elder people in order to promote
their healthy lifestyle but apart from various activities there are few which has been adopted
provides major changes in the life such as getting enough sleep, avoidance of chronic stress, eat a
healthy diet, exercise on continuous basis, tinker with nutrition and microbiome are few
activities that promotes healthy lifestyle.
9. Match the following legal and ethical considerations for working with older people to
their correct descriptions.
EC i. It means respecting the person’s autonomy and
independence and allowing them to make choices for
themselves.
LC ii. These provide practical guidance to achieving health,
safety, and welfare standards when working with older
people.
LC iii. This is the legal obligation of aged care workers in
ensuring their clients’ and colleagues’ health, safety, and
welfare.
EC iv. These are the basic privileges of all human beings no
matter what their race, religion, nationality, sex, or
status.
EC v. These are concerned with protecting one’s personal
information and self from being pried by others.

EC vi. It is the unjust treatment of older people and other
persons based on their race, age, and sex.
LC vii. It is the practice of ensuring and protecting the safety,
health, and welfare of clients and employees in the aged
care setting.
10. In each of the following areas, list at least two signs that may indicate the abuse and/or
neglect of an older person:
 Physical- Abuse
 Sexual- Abuse
 Psychological- Neglect
 Financial- Abuse
11. How might your own attitude have an impact when working with older people?
The attitude of healthcare staff is highly affects the older people care as handling them
with proper care makes them satisfied in each and every manner. With proper listening their
problems and issues and give them proper response makes them extremely mitigated into the
process (Kane and et.al., 2018). With the inclusion of all these things, caregivers also enjoy the
experiences that have been shared by the patients.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Schneider, H., and et.al., 2018, April. Empowerment in HCI-A survey and framework.
In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing
Systems (pp. 1-14).
Pekonen, A., and et.al., 2020. Measuring patient empowerment–A systematic review. Patient
education and counseling.103(4). pp.777-787.
Miikkola, M., and et.al., 2019. Challenges of foot self-care in older people: a qualitative focus-
group study. Journal of foot and ankle research.12(1). pp.1-10.
de Carvalho, I.A., and et.al., 2017. Organizing integrated health-care services to meet older
people’s needs. Bulletin of the World Health Organization.95(11). p.756.
Barrett, C. and Hinchliff, S. eds., 2017. Addressing the sexual rights of older people: Theory,
policy and practice. Routledge.
Kayser, L., and et.al., 2019. A new understanding of health related empowerment in the context
of an active and healthy ageing. BMC health services research.19(1). pp.1-13.
Carver, L.F., and et.al., 2018. A scoping review: Social participation as a cornerstone of
successful aging in place among rural older adults. Geriatrics.3(4). p.75.
Baldwin, C.E., and et.al., 2020. Recommendations for older adults’ physical activity and
sedentary behaviour during hospitalisation for an acute medical illness: an international
Delphi study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity.17.
pp.1-17.
Damant, J., and et.al., 2017. Effects of digital engagement on the quality of life of older
people. Health & Social Care in the Community.25(6). pp.1679-1703.
Kane, P.M., and et.al., 2018. Understanding how a palliative-specific patient-reported outcome
intervention works to facilitate patient-centred care in advanced heart failure: a
qualitative study. Palliative medicine. 32(1). pp.143-155.
Unbehaun, D., and et.al., 2018, April. Exploring the Potential of Exergames to affect the Social
and Daily Life of People with Dementia and their Caregivers. In Proceedings of the
2018 chi conference on human factors in computing systems (pp. 1-15).
Toivonen, M. and Saari, E. eds., 2019. Human-centered digitalization and services (Vol. 19).
Springer.