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Field Grid-Based Energy Storage Systems

   

Added on  2021-04-22

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Field Grid-Based Energy Storage Systems 1ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMA Research Paper on Energy ByStudent’s NameName of the ProfessorInstitutional AffiliationCity/StateYear/Month/Day

Field Grid-Based Energy Storage Systems 2INTRODUCTIONThe systems of energy storage can be defined as those technologies for the applications that are new and are also well-established for example renewable energies integration, electric vehicles, and peak shaving. Currently, the largest form of the system of energy storage is the pumped hydro. Some of the forms of field grid-based energy storage system that is currently being implemented include gravitational potential energy storage using solid masses, thermal, supper conducting magnetic energy, hydroelectricity, hydrogen, flywheel, electric vehicles, batteries, and compressed air energy storage systems. Principles of Operation on Energy Storage SystemsThe demand for energy by the consumers is not normally constant since the demand usually varies with time. There are usually low and high demands on a daily basis. Great changes in demand on a yearly basis has also been noted. For this variation in demand to be met, there is need of the plants for the generation to continuously operate while storing some of the energy when the demand is low. When the demand becomes high during the peak time,the stored energy can then be used to meet the demand of the consumers [ CITATION Muk12 \l 2057 ]. The pumped hydro may begin its operation quickly and hence can be used in cycling out and in of the service as the variations in power demand continues from 45% to 85% of theultimate power demand. There are always variations in the demand for power by the consumers, for the generation stations to meet this variation in demand, they need to generatethe continuous quantity of electricity. The field grid-based energy storage system that is currently being implemented globally include gravitational potential energy storage using solid masses, thermal, supper conducting magnetic energy, hydroelectricity, hydrogen,

Field Grid-Based Energy Storage Systems 3flywheel, electric vehicles, batteries, and compressed air[ CITATION Fra13 \l 2057 ]. The figure below shows a typical load generation with and without energy storage system:Figure 1: A distinctive load curve for the electric utility[ CITATION Fra13 \l 2057 ]Advantages of Energy Storage SystemsThe storage of energy is normally known as ‘holy grail' of energy. The storage of energy is frequently viewed as the bridge between the demands, the important tool in maximizing the spread for renewable energy, and solution to dealing with the outdated powergrid. It connected to the grid it is important to know that the energy storage system is not a new idea, and it is commercially available today as a valuable tool for reducing electric bills, making facilities resilient, and earning revenue. Because energy storage solutions can be installed at many points in the grid, there are already tens of thousands of grid-connected storage systems installed at facilities throughout the world[ CITATION Lia14 \l 2057 ].Currently, there are more than 150,000 megawatts of storage systems installed worldwide. Energy storage can refer to a wide range of technologies and approaches to managing power. There are a number of technologies relevant to commercial and industrial facilities, which can operate as standalone systems or in tandem with a solar PV installation:

Field Grid-Based Energy Storage Systems 4Thermal storage: Thermal technologies enable temporary energy reserves in the form of heat or cold. Ice storage, for example, works by making ice during off-peak hours when rates are low. When demand increases and rates go up, the ice system turns off the AC and uses the stored ice to provide cooling[ CITATION Jür11 \l 2057 ]. Flywheels: these systems store electricity in the form of kinetic energy. If power fluctuates orgoes down, the rotor will continue to spin and the kinetic energy can be converted into electricity. Flywheels are useful for power quality and reliability.Flow batteries: A type of rechargeable battery where energy is stored directly in the electrolyte solution; benefits typically include longer cycle life and fast response times.Solid-state batteries: Batteries are often paired with an intelligent software system that can charge and discharge them based on a building’s energy usage, weather patterns, and historical use patterns[ CITATION Has10 \l 2057 ].The storage of energy has numerous benefits to the environment that can make it an important tool for attaining the gaols to sustainability. By improving the general efficiency ofthe power grid, storage accelerates the wider adoption of renewable energy. Depending on location, numerous industrial and commercial facilities are subject to request charges on theirbills of energy. These charges are based on a duration of 15 minutes in which the energy demand is highest in the whole daylight and in most cases, may account for 50% of the wholebill of energy. Demand response for commercial and industrial facilities traditionally involvesratcheting down usage at times of peak demand. Energy storage can enable participation in response market demand without impacting energy use on-site or operations[ CITATION Jür11 \l2057 ].The systems of energy storage can change the electric energy consumption from costly durations of high demand to lower moments of electric energy cost when demand is

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