This report discusses the role of engineers in sustainable development, ways to achieve it, data collection and analysis, and the need for sustainable development among engineers. Secondary data is used for analysis. The report includes a Gantt chart that illustrates the period. Course code, name, and university not mentioned.
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Running head: PROJECT PLAN ROLE OF ENGINEERS IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Name of the student: Name of the university: Author note:
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1PROJECT PLAN Executive Summary The main focus of this paper is to discuss about the role of the engineers in Sustainable development. The report will briefly discuss about the way sustainable development can be achieved. Sustainable development is the development in the present without compromising with the future needs. The report further discusses about the way data is being collected and he way data is being analyzed. In this report data, analysis is done quantitatively. Secondary data is being used to prepare the report. Further, the report contains a Gantt chart that illustrates the period. Finally, the report concludes with stating the need of the sustainable development among the engineers.
2PROJECT PLAN Table of Contents Introduction......................................................................................................................................3 Discussion........................................................................................................................................3 1. Aim of the project:...................................................................................................................3 Research question:.......................................................................................................................4 2. Literature Review....................................................................................................................4 3. Organization of the project......................................................................................................6 4. Feasibility of the project........................................................................................................11 Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................12 References......................................................................................................................................13
3PROJECT PLAN Introduction Sustainable developmentrefers to the growththat meets the present requirement without affecting the need of the generation. For an engineer, sustainable system is a system that either changes in a slow rate or in equilibrium. The concept of sustainability is described best with the help of natural ecosystem. This is described with the natural ecosystem as these changes slowly in a closed loop. Engineers supports at each step of the sustainable development model : • Number of waste generated can be reduced by processing resources in a closed loop. This increases the efficiency of the resources. • Resources can be preserved by recycling and reusing the designing. This lessens the impact on the environment throughout their life cycle. • Goods transport heavily pollutes the environment. In order to minimize the effects we can use transport way that will cause less impact • Developing of energy resources affects the atmosphere adversely. The effects caused to the atmosphere can be reduced by efficiently use of energies and by using products from non-fossil resources. Discussion 1. Aim of the project: The research aim is to identify and discuss about the role of the engineers in the sustainable development. The purpose behind choosing this topic in engineering management is
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4PROJECT PLAN that, engineers are future builders of world. The future depends on the activities done by the engineer. Engineer’s responsibility is to work in such a way that will not affect the environment. Recent researches states that resources are depleting with the time. Therefore, this becomes the duty of the engineers to plan strategies in such a way that it will provide innovative technologies. This will benefit the future generation as their will be opportunity for developing the society and will allow the future generation to utilize these resources (Foo, 2013). The research will discuss briefly, where the sustainable development is needed, and will also give statistical data on how much the resources are already being used by the companies and the percentage of remaining resources. Research question: 1.What are the ways in which the engineers can help to preserve the existing resources for future purpose? 2.What are the roles played by engineers in order to develop the society? 2. Literature Review Sustainable development main aim is to manage the resources and utilize it in such a way that it will not affect the need of the future generation. Over the past years sustainable structural design (SSD) increased drastically. After recognizing the necessity of structural engineering in maintaining the sustainable development, researches has made in order to develop strategies for sustainable development (Griggs et al., 2013). This will help to deal with the impact of structural systems on economy, society and environment. However, many researches states that there is a lack of communication and understanding with the role of civil engineers and there is inadequate
5PROJECT PLAN tools for assessing the requirements.This becomes very much necessary for the engineers to follow the rules of the sustainable development, so that the development can be done without effecting the environment.The structural engineers fail sometimes in order to achieve the goal. The objective of this paper is to present an inclusive summary of SSD, this further focuses on strategies designing, parameters used for SSD and the function of SSD in rating Green Building systems and structure codes. According to the author,the aim is to identify the issues that are likely to be faced by the engineers while choosing the strategy for SSD and the factors on which it will be evaluated (Huang, 2013). This paper will conclude by explaining the features of structuralengineersbyemphasizingonconceptsofprobabilisticapproach,structural performances and propose service-life. After the Rio Summit of 1992, there has been observed a slow progress. The happenings comprise the following: 1. The organization of engineers formed a new unit internationally, known as the World EngineeringPartnershipforSustainableDevelopment(WEPSD)(Baumgartner,2014).In addition to this, the society of engineers created a committee for environmental dealings; this was formed at both global and national level. This helped to deal with the issues that generate in the environment. 2. Policies of environment are developed by engineers of the organizations (Barkemeyer et al., 2014). In addition, the guidelines for sustainable development and codes for ethics also were developed. 3. The groups of engineers also contributed in the formation of Earth Charter. 4. Engineers discussed the need of sustainable development with United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development (UNCSD).
6PROJECT PLAN 5. Engineers collaborated with scientists in order to create main technologies for computer and communication networks. 6. Sustainable development learning introduced in the education system for engineering trainees and engineering students. 7. Improvement in industrial process leads to reduce the resources required for manufacturing the products and the waste generated from this. Various environmental pollution that is expected to be faced by the future generation, as a result of excessive extraction of resources , transportation and industrial processing and from the human wastes (Haapala et al., 2013). Future will address several restoration projects for environmentinordertocounteractwiththeresidualwastes.Engineerscanrestorethe environment through several ways: •Restoring and treating aged engineering devastate sites,so that they can develop new projects on that place and this will also save the environment •Old mining properties can be reclaimed, so that they can be used for some purpose and does not go waste •It becomes very much important to treat the over polluted water sources ,so that people can use them for their purpose and also the pollution will also decrease • Ecosystem of lakes and wetlands can be restored •In large cities renewing municipal areas can also help in creating new scopes for better environment
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7PROJECT PLAN •Restoring eroded or useless farmlands for building purpose will make the maximum use of these lands and will help the engineers to earn profit Figure 1:The effect of engineers on environment (Source:Baumgartner, 2014) 3. Organization of the project Data Collection method:Data collection method starts after getting the research problem. There are two types of data collection method :
8PROJECT PLAN Secondary data collection:This data are the one, which has already been discussed earlier by some authors. One using secondary data needs to be careful, as sometimes this turns to be unauthenticated (Halme & Korpela, 2014). This a link from where the data is being collected. http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Previousproducts/ F4BD6AA8BC067F26CA2570DE0005422C?opendocument https://www.asce.org/issues-and-advocacy/public-policy/policy-statement-418---the-role-of-the- civil-engineer-in-sustainable-development/ http://ijergs.org/files/documents/ENGINEERING-15.pdf In this paper, secondary data method of data collection is being used (Karatzoglou, 2013). This will briefly discuss the necessity of sustainable development. This will further discuss the areas where sustainable development is needed, will provide statistical data that will represent the percentage of resources used by the industries and how much percentage resources are left unused. Data analysis method:For research plan, the project has used both quantitative and qualitative method of data collection.The purpose behind choosing the quantitative analysis is that it will typically analyze the statistical data gathered from the sources. The information gather will help us to determine how much the engineers are using resources until now and how much is left to be used. Quantitativemethodofdataanalysis–Theapproachthatinvestigateswhich statisticaldatais collected and how the engineers transform the data that are collected into numerical data. It is mainly concerned with discovering the information about the current phenomenon (Neuman, 2013). It measures the real time data. Data are being
9PROJECT PLAN analyzed based on statistical data and are reported statistically.In quantitative analysis, method data are in a structured manner. This also asks close ended question, which helps in getting quantifiable answers, which helps in analyzing the report. Thus, it is better to use quantitative analysis instead of qualitative analysis for this report. Task ModeTask NameDurationStartFinishPredecessors Manually Scheduled Phase 1- Project initiation9 daysTue 6/12/18Fri 6/22/18 Auto ScheduledTopic Selection1 dayTue 6/12/18Tue 6/12/18 Auto ScheduledTopic Approval2 daysWed 6/13/18Thu 6/14/182 Auto ScheduledScope Identification3 daysFri 6/15/18Tue 6/19/183 Auto Scheduled Objective Identification3 daysWed 6/20/18Fri 6/22/184 Auto ScheduledPhase 2- Planning9 daysMon 6/25/18Thu 7/5/18 Auto ScheduledBudgeting3 daysMon 6/25/18 Wed 6/27/185 Auto ScheduledScheduling3 daysThu 6/28/18Mon 7/2/187 Auto ScheduledRisk Management3 daysTue 7/3/18Thu 7/5/188 Auto ScheduledPhase 3- execution19 daysFri 7/6/18Wed 8/1/18 Auto ScheduledInternet surfing2 daysFri 7/6/18Mon 7/9/189 Auto Scheduled Identification of scholar articles3 daysTue 7/10/18Thu 7/12/1811 Auto ScheduledArticle sorting2 daysFri 7/13/18Mon 7/16/1812 Auto Scheduled Recording crucial points2 daysTue 7/17/18Wed 7/18/1813 Auto ScheduledInterview3 daysThu 7/19/18Mon 7/23/1814 Auto ScheduledCollection of data2 daysTue 7/24/18Wed 7/25/1815 Auto ScheduledData analysis3 daysThu 7/26/18Mon 7/30/1816
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10PROJECT PLAN Auto ScheduledResults2 daysTue 7/31/18Wed 8/1/1817 Auto Scheduled Phase 4- Monitoring and controlling11 daysThu 8/2/18Thu 8/16/18 Auto ScheduledSpelling check2 daysThu 8/2/18Fri 8/3/1818 Auto ScheduledGrammar check2 daysMon 8/6/18Tue 8/7/1820 Auto ScheduledFeedback from tutor3 daysWed 8/8/18Fri 8/10/1821 Auto Scheduled Modification implementation4 daysMon 8/13/18Thu 8/16/1822 Auto ScheduledPhase 5- Closure3 daysFri 8/17/18Tue 8/21/18 Auto ScheduledFeedback from tutor2 daysFri 8/17/18Mon 8/20/1823 Auto ScheduledCheck list evaluation1 dayTue 8/21/18Tue 8/21/1825 Fig 2: Gantt chart (Source: Created by author)
11PROJECT PLAN Fig 3: Screenshot of the Gantt Chart (Source : Created by Author)
12PROJECT PLAN Fig4:Use of natural resources in different fields (Source:Foo, 2013)
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13PROJECT PLAN 4. Feasibility of the project Feasibilitystudy is used to establish the capability of an idea, such that , it will ensure that a project is technically and legally feasible or not. This also checks the feasibility on the basis of economy. This tells whether project is worth for the investment made or not. Projects feasibility time is the time that is required to complete the project. In case if, any project takes long time to be completed, than the project may fail. Because it is necessary for every project to maintain the time required, so that the project can be stated as feasible (Silverman, 2018). Thus this estimates the time that will require developing the system, and if the system can be completed within the proposed timing period. Planned feasibility evaluates how logical the project schedule is. Some projects are created with keeping the deadline in mind and the developer needs to submit the project within the given deadline. It becomes necessary to see that the deadlines are compulsory or advantageous. Depending on project , the feasibility study will range between$20,000-$50,000 (Miles, Huberman & Saldana, 2013). Conclusion From the above paper, it can be concluded a sustainable development is a development that will meet the present requirements without compromising the future needs. For engineers sustainable system is a scheme that changes slowly or remains in equilibrium. The report also discussed the different types of method used for collecting the data.The report also further discussed the way data are being analyzed in this paper. Gantt chart is being given in order to see
14PROJECT PLAN time required for developing the project. Thus , this report will help engineers to understand how much resources are being used and also about the remaining resources. Given below is the statistical data representing types of engineering specialty adopted by people over the world. Fig 5: Growth Rate of Engineers (Source:Baumgartner, 2014)
15PROJECT PLAN References Barkemeyer, R., Holt, D., Preuss, L., & Tsang, S. (2014). What happened to the ‘development’in sustainable development? Business guidelines two decades after Brundtland.sustainable development,22(1), 15-32. Baumgartner, R. J. (2014). Managing corporate sustainability and CSR: A conceptual framework combiningvalues,strategiesandinstrumentscontributingtosustainable development.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,21(5), 258-271. Foo, K. Y. (2013). A vision on the role of environmental higher education contributing to the sustainable development in Malaysia.Journal of Cleaner Production,61, 6-12. Griggs, D., Stafford-Smith, M., Gaffney, O., Rockström, J., Öhman, M. C., Shyamsundar, P., ... &Noble,I.(2013).Policy:Sustainabledevelopmentgoalsforpeopleand planet.Nature,495(7441), 305. Haapala, K. R., Zhao, F., Camelio, J., Sutherland, J. W., Skerlos, S. J., Dornfeld, D. A., ... & Rickli,J.L.(2013).Areviewofengineeringresearchinsustainable manufacturing.Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering,135(4), 041013. Halme, M., & Korpela, M. (2014). Responsible innovation toward sustainable development in small and medium‐sized enterprises: a resource perspective.Business Strategy and the Environment,23(8), 547-566.
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16PROJECT PLAN Huang,S.K.(2013).TheimpactofCEOcharacteristicsoncorporatesustainable development.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,20(4), 234-244. Johnston,M.P.(2017).Secondarydataanalysis:Amethodofwhichthetimehas come.Qualitative and Quantitative Methods in Libraries,3(3), 619-626. Karatzoglou, B. (2013). An in-depth literature review of the evolving roles and contributions of universities to education for sustainable development.Journal of Cleaner Production,49, 44-53. Le Blanc, D. (2015). Towards integration at last? The sustainable development goals as a network of targets.Sustainable Development,23(3), 176-187. Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2013).Qualitative data analysis. Sage. Neuman, W. L. (2013).Social research methods: Qualitative and quantitative approaches. Pearson education. Silverman, B. W. (2018).Density estimation for statistics and data analysis. Routledge.