Importance of Planning and Drafting in Composition

This article discusses the importance of planning and drafting in composition. It highlights the steps to compose a paper that meets the requirements and provides examples of proper planning and drafting in a research paper.

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Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Chapter 12 – Planning and Drafting
The twelfth chapter deals with the importance of creating a rough draft of the
composition prior to the final composition. The chapter highlights the importance of planning as
well as preparing rough drafts for a final composition. The chapter helps the readers in
understanding the steps that need to be followed for composing a paper that meets the
requirements of the paper. The chapter highlights the importance of summarizing the sources and
thereafter drawing the key ideas that would be helpful for the composition of the paper. The
chapter further instructs the readers to “sketch an answer” for the question that the paper should
be answering (Booth, Colomb, Williams, Bizup & FitzGerald, 2016).
The instructions as provided within the chapter has been clearly followed in the research
paper. This can be easily demonstrated through the following examples.
 “Psychotherapy, also known as “talk therapy”, refers to conversing with a patient to treat
the disorder (Nimh.nih.gov, 2019).”
 “Meyer et al. (2014) state that although the prolonged exposure (PE) treatment is one of
the most effective treatments for PTSD yet many clinicians underutilize it.”
 “Akbarian et al. (2017) found in their study that the CBT reduces the symptoms of PTSD
over time.”
Chapter 13 – Organizing Your Argument
The thirteenth chapter helps in discussing the importance of the organization of the
argument that needs to be incorporated within the paper. The chapter highlights the importance
of the revision in the composition of the paper. The chapter highlights the fact that the author of
the paper “must know what readers look for” in order to revise the paper in accordance to the

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preference of the readers (Booth, Colomb, Williams, Bizup & FitzGerald, 2016). The chapter
highlights the major points that attract the readers to the paper. The chapter states that the
composer should look into the fact that the paper “makes sense” for the readers (Booth, Colomb,
Williams, Bizup & FitzGerald, 2016). The chapter further states that there should be “coherence”
within the details mentioned in the paper as well (Booth, Colomb, Williams, Bizup & FitzGerald,
2016).
The given research paper in discussion might be said to have been following the rules
that have been mentioned in the thirteenth chapter. The research paper demonstrated a smooth
transition between the paragraphs which denote a proper revision that the author had attempted
before turning in the concerned paper. An instance of revision can be observed through the
statement “In the above review of literature, it has been found that several studies have been
conducted to find the efficacies of the different treatments for PTSD.”
Chapter 14 – Incorporating Sources
The fourteenth chapter discusses the importance of the inclusion of the support that
should be provided to the document with the help of the various reliable and credible sources.
The chapter opens with the discussion that the “researchers in the humanities quote more than do
social and natural scientists” (Booth, Colomb, Williams, Bizup & FitzGerald, 2016). The chapter
highlights that fact that the external sources that are implemented for the proper composition of
the paper should either be quoted, paraphrased or summarized in order to support the arguments
that are presented by the author. The chapter highlights the importance bibliography within the
research papers and further discusses the common bibliographical styles used for the
composition of a research paper.

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The research paper in discussion demonstrates a proper understanding of the chapter in
discussion. The major ideas and statements that have been put forth within the research paper
tends to bear proper evidences and acknowledgement of their sources. A few of such instances
are presented below.
 “As per the analysis by Foa and McLean (2016), the context of the post-traumatic stress
disorder was not initially recognized and there was very little knowledge regarding the
treatment of the disorder.”
 “The results of the findings demonstrated the effectiveness and the efficacy of the
cognitive development method, the exposure theory and the eye movement
desensitization and reprocessing method (Kaczkurkin & Foa, 2015)”.
Chapter 15 – Communicating Evidence Visually
The fifteenth chapter tends to shed light on the importance of the graphs, tables and the
charts that help in the proper organization that is presented through the paper. The chapter states
that a proper research paper should contain tables, charts and graphs in order to help the readers
develop a proper understanding of the findings as well as the analysis of the data that has been
collected in order to compose the paper. The chapter highlights the importance of choosing and
including “the most effective graphic” within the paper (Booth, Colomb, Williams, Bizup &
FitzGerald, 2016). The chapter further sheds light on the differences that exist among the various
forms of graphics and the uses of the graphics in the various research papers. The chapter states
that “tables with lots of data can seem dense” (Booth, Colomb, Williams, Bizup & FitzGerald,
2016). Thus, the composers of the research papers are advised to “organize them to help readers”
(Booth, Colomb, Williams, Bizup & FitzGerald, 2016). The research paper in discussion, does
not demonstrate the use of the proper tables, charts or graphs. The concerned research paper

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attempted a literary discussion on three different treatments that prove to be extremely effective
for the patients who have been suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder.
Chapter 17 – Revising Style
The seventeenth chapter highlights the importance of revising the paper and the proper
arrangement of the arguments that have been highlighted within the paper. The chapter sheds
light on the need of putting forth the statements that are grammatically correct and make proper
sense to the readers. The chapter highlights the fact that there are various viewpoints on the use
of language and syntax within the given paper. The chapter states that a certain section of
researchers claim that “heavy thinking demands heavy writing” (Booth, Colomb, Williams,
Bizup & FitzGerald, 2016). However, there are certain researchers who claim that the “dense
writing indicates […] he sloppy thinking of writers who aren’t considering their readers” (Booth,
Colomb, Williams, Bizup & FitzGerald, 2016). The simple sentence structure helps the writers to
maintain a proper and understandable flow of the language within the paper.
The research paper in discussion tends to have a lucid flow within the paper thereby
leading to the ease of understanding on the part of the readers. A few examples of proper
revision of styles are being cited as follows.
 “Psychotherapy, also known as “talk therapy”, refers to conversing with a patient to treat
the disorder (Nimh.nih.gov, 2019).”
 “Akbarian et al. (2017) found in their study that the CBT reduces the symptoms of PTSD
over time.”

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References
Booth, W. C., Colomb, G. G., Williams, J. M., Bizup, J., & FitzGerald, W. T., (2016). The craft
of research. 4th edition. University of Chicago press.