Literature Review on HPV/Vaccine and Recent Recommendations

Running head: ENGLISH ASSIGNMENTS
Literature review on HPV/vaccine and recent recommendations
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ENGLISH ASSIGNMENT
Table of contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................2
Oral cancer prevalence...............................................................................................................2
US...........................................................................................................................................2
Global (worldwide)................................................................................................................3
Risk factors.................................................................................................................................5
Vaccination to prevent HPV infection...................................................................................5
The potential role of dental professionals in prevention....................................................5
Recommendations......................................................................................................................5
References..................................................................................................................................6

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ENGLISH ASSIGNMENT
Introduction
Dramatic increase in the head and neck cancer in US and worldwide have compelled
the scientists to put on thinking caps regarding the implementation of effective solutions.
Upon investigation, it has been found that human papilloma infections are the major drivers
of this cancer (Auluck et al., 2010). Literature review for the issue has been conducted
through the consideration of 110 scholarly articles, which were published in 2010-2018. For
these articles, inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, which resulted in the selection of
80 papers relevant to the issue. In case of the inclusion criteria, the articles related to oral
cancer prevalence (epidemiology), HPV, dental professionals’ role, risky sexual practices,
HPV vaccine, barriers and recommendations were preferred. On the other hand, for exclusion
criteria, articles, which were in other languages and were partially available, were avoided.
This paper aims to assess the role of HPV oral cancers and dental professionals in
terms of resolving the queries of the patients regarding the potential risks involved in the
vaccinations.
Oral cancer prevalence
US
In 1970, spread of HPV 16 infection was considered as the main cause for the rise in
head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). This cancer usually occurred in lingual
and palatine tonsils in case of the younger men. According to the arguments of Chaturvedi et
al., (2013), one of the striking features is the absence of records regarding alcohol or tobacco
consumption. Scientists were of the view that chemotherapy and radiation were the effective
means for treating and curing this type of cancer. Data reveal that 80% of the oropharyngeal
cancers occur due to HPV spreads (Joseph & D'Souza, 2012). In this case, the most affected