This essay explores the causes and consequences of obesity, including behavior, genetics, and societal factors. It discusses the impact of obesity on mental health and various diseases, as well as the rising prevalence of obesity worldwide. The essay emphasizes the need for preventive measures to address this global health issue.
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Running Head: ENGLISH0 Introduction to Management ENGLISH ESSAY
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ENGLISH1 Obesity is thedisproportion between the deteriorating energy spending because of physical activity and more energy in the diet. Various amalgamation of causes and leading factors constitute the reason of obesity including behaviour and genetics. The behaviour may include dietary pattern, medication use, physical activity and other exposure. Further contributing factors include and related to our society which includes the physical activity environment, nutrition, abilities and learning, and food advertising and marketing. Considering weight-for-height, Body mass index (BMI) is a simple index help in categorise obesity and higher weight in adults (aihw.gov, 2017). It is a serious concern considering the society as it is linked with inferior mental health results, low value of life and one of the major cause of decease in U.S. and worldwide comprising heart disease, diabetes, and several sorts of cancer. In the westernized society, obesity is increasingly prevailing due to the increased intake of dietary fat and reducing physical activity. As per research by WHO, adults aged 18 years comprise of 1.9 billion in numbers that were overweight in 2016 (who.int, 2018). Out of these, more than 650 million adults were obese. Worldwide obesity has closely tripled in the middle of 1975 and 2016. In comparison with underweight, Obesity and overweight are connected to more deaths worldwide. Considering OECD nations, it was also founded that more than one in two adults and closely one in six children are obese. In United States, New Zealand, Mexico and Hungary, the adult obesity rate is the highest while it is lowest in Japan and Korea due to traditional habits in dietary, however, are also improved (oecd.org, 2017). Comparing to Americans, Japanese are also far more physically active. Hence, it is important to identify the cause of obesity and one of the important cause of overweight and obesity refers to the imbalance in energy between calories spent and calories used. Worldwide, the consumption of energy-dense diet is also rising that are more in fat and also rise in physical inactivity because of progressively facilities available in many arrangements including changing patterns in work, mode of transportation and rising expansion of urban areas. Other than this, genetics is also one of the factors where kids of obese parents are intend towards to become obese in compare with the kids of lean parents. Moreover, Non- industrialised civilisations are on the path of become obese when they start consuming a usual Western intake. Their genetic factor did not change but the situation and the signals
ENGLISH2 they led to their genes did. Hence, genetic component possesses a significant impact on susceptibility to gaining weight (hsph.edu, 2019). The other cause of obesity includes engineered junk foods that are designed to be cheap, long lasting on the store and so highly tasty that they are hard to resist. The sales have been encouraged by food manufacturers but they also encourage overeating. Linking to this, the addiction can be cause due to junk food in inclined people as these individuals not able to willingly control over their consumption behaviour same in the manner like people struggle due to addiction of alcohol dropping control over their drinking behaviour (Wailgum & Perkins, 2018). Therefore, addiction is a complex issue in case of obesity that is not easy to overcome as it will lose freedom of choice when one becomes hooked to something. In this competitive world, aggressive marketing is also one of the corporate unethical tool causing junk food producers to become immoral at times while they promote very unnatural items in replace of healthy foods. These businesses also do misleading claims in extent with their aggressive advertising and one of the worse thing is that this targeting is especially towards the kids. Approximately 41 million kids below the age of 5 years were obese or overweight and over 340 million kids and teenagers aged 5-19 were obese or overweight in 2016 (Ng, 2017). Other than this, Insulin is also an important hormone encourages insulin resistance in various obese and overweight people and this cause energy to get kept into fat cells. Many revisions have shown that higher levels of insulin having a causal role in the growth of obesity. In terms of particular medications, various drugs in pharmaceutical also lead to gain in weight as a side effect as they change the body functions of the body and decreasing rate of metabolic. Another factor that dramatically influences people waistline is the availability of food which is rising massively. Food, mainly the junk food is displaying on shelf gaining attention to large number of crowd and impacting the internal drive and will of people. Considering all, this modern eating habits, as well as food culture, need to be changed so as to reverse the issue on a larger scale or else it will have a significant effect in many ways. It will bring various health concerns as individuals who have obesity, relation to those with have a healthy weight, are at greater risk such as high blood pressure, stroke, gallbladder disease, low quality of life, and difficulty with physical functioning (Popkin, 2012). In terms of economic and social consequences, there will be more medical costs in link with obesity and overweight that may contain direct and indirect costs related to diagnostic preventive,
ENGLISH3 treatment services in association with obesity. The heath is also impacted severely each year as in U.S., obesity-related settings cost over 150 billion dollars and lead to estimate of 300,000 premature death in the US (oecd.org, 2017). The effect of obesity can also be seen in several organisations where employees are getting affected. In Woolworths, it was founded that 80 percent of the senior manager were either obese or overweight and 31 percent were obese with assessment of 900 store managers (Davies, 2014). In adults and children’s, there are many aspects leading to increasing obesity rates among adults and children, however, one simple fact is that: It is possible to prevent people from obesity and there can be turned around the obesity epidemic by collectively building an environment where the default option is the healthy choice.
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ENGLISH4 References aihw.gov. (2017).A picture of overweight and obesity in Australia 2017. Retrieved from https://www.aihw.gov.au/getmedia/172fba28-785e-4a08-ab37-2da3bbae40b8/ aihwphe-216.pdf.aspx?inline=true - (Field, 2005, p. 14). Davies, A. (2014).Woolworths tackles the cost of obesity for employees. Retrieved from https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/woolworths-tackles-the-cost-of-obesity-for- employees-20140221-337ka.html hsph.edu. (2019).Obesity Prevention Source. Retrieved from https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/obesity-prevention-source/ Ng, B. (2017).Obesity: the big, fat problem with Chinese cities. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2017/jan/09/obesity-fat-problem- chinese-cities oecd.org. (2017).Obesity Update 2017. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/els/health- systems/Obesity-Update-2017.pdf Popkin, B. (2012). Globesity - Fat's New Frontier. Retrieved from https://www.abc.net.au/foreign/globesity-sizzler/4144562 Wailgum, T. & Perkins, B. (2018).Globesity - Fat's New Frontier. Retrieved from https://www.abc.net.au/foreign/globesity-sizzler/4144562 who.int. (2018).Obesity and overweight. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/en/news- room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight