English Task: Literary Theory, Narrative Theory, Animal Testing Debate

Running head: ENGLISH TASK
ENGLISH TASK
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1ENGLISH TASK
Contents
Literary Theory............................................................................................................................................2
Narrative Theory.........................................................................................................................................3
Should animals be used for scientific researches?......................................................................................4
Heroism.......................................................................................................................................................6
Men in Black................................................................................................................................................8

2ENGLISH TASK
Literary Theory
The term called "post modernism" was introduced by Arnold Toynbee in 1939 as he says
"our postmodern age has been inaugurated by the general war of 1914-1919". Thus the term
postmodernism is mainly used to imply the time period that takes place after Second World War
or Post-colonial period. In general Postmodernism defines a socio-cultural and literary theory,
and a drastic change in perspective that had exhibited in a variety of different sections of social
sciences, art architecture, literature, fashion, communication and technology (Routledge).
Postmodernism is a great movement in the history of literature and it comes as a response to the
monotonous and ostentatious techniques either of styles or of themes of modernism. After the
new wave of postmodernism comes it affected on different fields of culture, literature, art,
philosophy, history, economics, architecture, fiction and literary criticism. It was a drive against
modernism in all aspect of art. The postmodern writers introduced a brand new style in writing
that completely changed the literary technique which was meant to avoid the tediousness of the
same old school writing and criticism. Among these techniques fragmentation, pastiche,
intersexuality, irony, metafiction, minimalism, temporal distortion and magical realism are more
popular.
Paolo Coelho is one of the great postmodern living lyricists and novelists. His novel
''Alchemist'' is acknowledged as his bestselling novel , which was written in 1988 in Portuguese.
Later, it was translated in many languages (Khoso et al.) The plot of the novel depict the story of
a traveler boy Santiago who sets on a voyage from Spain to Pyramids of Egypt in search of a
treasure that he dreamed about. He remains constant throughout his journey and tolerates
immense pains. But at the end he achieved his victory due to his decision making and dispersing

3ENGLISH TASK
the fear of loss that is one of the greatest odds in the progression of human beings on this
earth.There are some literary techniques of postmodernism that can be connected with the novel.
Fragmentation is a great way to interpret the story which is set in the past especially in pre-
modern era that is, the era before scientific advancement (Wahyuni, Nurhayati, and Atmojo).
There are themes like spiritual journey, personal legends, the unity of nature, the danger of fear,
free will and determination, decision making, fate or fault and thus they run under the
philosophies like existentialism, transcendentalism and supernaturalism that defines the traits of
post modernism in a great and thorough way.
Assignment 2.4

4ENGLISH TASK

5ENGLISH TASK
1. Daddy
Sylvia Plath
You do not do, you do not do
Any more, black shoe
In which I have lived like a foot
For thirty years, poor and white,
Barely daring to breathe or Achoo.
Daddy, I have had to kill you.
You died before I had time——
Marble-heavy, a bag full of God,
Ghastly statue with one gray toe
Big as a Frisco seal
And a head in the freakish Atlantic
Where it pours bean green over blue
In the waters off beautiful Nauset.
I used to pray to recover you.