Individual Report: Analysis of Enron Scandal, Ethical Conflicts & MIS

This individual report delves into the Enron fraud scandal, examining ethical conflicts and turbulence in professional careers, specifically focusing on unethical leadership, toxic workplace cultures, discrimination, and unrealistic goals. It explores philosophical theories like deontology, utilitarianism, rights, and virtue ethics, alongside professional ethical guidance. The report further investigates appropriate MIS development and acquisition approaches, including outsourcing and internal system development methods such as the system life cycle and rapid application development (RAD). It concludes that adhering to ethical practices and implementing suitable MIS strategies are crucial for organizational success and achieving business objectives. The report provides insights into managing information systems and ensuring data authenticity within a business environment, emphasizing the importance of ethical frameworks and approaches.

Individual report

Table of Contents
Introduction .....................................................................................................................................3
Main body........................................................................................................................................3
Recognise and respond in mature and reflective manner to ethical conflicts and turbulence in
professional carriers....................................................................................................................3
Understanding philosophic theories and professional body ethical guidance and advice..........4
Use appropriate MIS development and acquisition approaches in acquiring relevant system
for organisational........................................................................................................................6
Conclusion ......................................................................................................................................7

Introduction
Ethics can be define as those rules, regulation, values and beliefs which are revolving
around business organisation (Anasti, 2020). These has to be follow by firm in relation to
managing ethical practices. In context of present report, it is based on case study of Enron fraud
scandal. This is biggest scandal in history of US, it was an accounting scandal of Enron
corporation, n American energy company based in Houston, Texas. This company is also known
for its audit failure in history. In this report there is discussion about, ethical conflicts and
turbulence in professional carriers as well as Understanding philosophic theories and
professional body ethical guidance and advice. Along with this there is also Use appropriate MIS
development and acquisition approaches in acquiring relevant system for organisational.
Main body
Recognise and respond in mature and reflective manner to ethical conflicts and turbulence in
professional carriers
Ethical conflicts can be defines those conflicts which are generated because of unethical
practices in organisation. These are those which can impact negatively on organisation. These
conflicts can impact on organisational performance and can cause damage to professional carrier
of employee (Bryan and Angelos, 2019). It include number of factors which which are related to
ethical conflict management. Some of these are discussed below:
Unethical leadership: This is most common factor which is is related to ethical conflicts
in professional life of individual. This is relate to performance of function in organisation in such
manner that firm can achieve its objectives and individual can gain maximum advantage in its
carrier. Effective leadership is important in development of professional carrier. In context of
Enron scandal. It can be seen that leadership in firm is not performing their function in effective
manner which is impacting on firm and leading to unethical practices in organization. As better
and cooperative environment will impact on performance of firm where it has to identify all
those function which are required to be performed (Cartwright, Lasser and Gottlieb, 2017).
Toxic Workplace Culture: This also act on performance of organisation because it also
act as reasons for conflicts at workplace. This also impact on professional development in
organisation as some time manner in firm use to think nothing of taking bribes, manipulating
sales figures and data or pressuring employees or business associates for “favour”. This make

organisational environment full of toxic. Here, organisation are using fit culture approaches
which are helpful in managing function and improving professionalism in organisation. In
context of case study, it can be ensure that organisation is also suffering from toxic culture in
firm which impacting in negative manner.
Discrimination and Harassment: This also act as factor which is related to
organizational conflicts which also involve ethical practices. In current time there are various
function which are related to performer of firm. Discrimination always leads to decline in
opportunist within organisation (D’Acquisto, 2020). This also impact negativity on
professionalism in firm as workplace discrimination and harassment leads to low staff motivation
and reduce profitability. In context of case study, it can be seen that organisation is performing
its functions unethical but there is no sign of Massenet and workplace discrimination which
reduce negative impacts of conflicts because of unethical practices.
Unrealistic and Conflicting Goals: Some due to unethical practices in organisation,
leadership in firm can lost its direction with its goals. This will impact negatively on professional
development of organisation. There are various functions which has to be perform by firm to
achieve its objectives. This can be seen that it organisation is performing unethical practices then
it has to face problem in execution of its function. This will mislead organisation goals and
objectives and will deal in performer of firm (Eckardt and Lindfelt, 2019). There are number of
objectives in this function which has to be achieve for professional development in individual.
It can be evaluated from above mentioned information that there are various function
which has to be perform by management staff in organisation. This is helpful to organisation in
achieving its objectives and managing authenticity in market so that it can achieve its business
objectives.
Understanding philosophic theories and professional body ethical guidance and advice
There are number philosophic theories and professional guides which can be use by
business organisation to achieve their objectives and perform function in effective manner and
ethically. These can because to achieve business objectives and managing function in effective
way so that firm can maintain environment of ethical and can use all those function to improve
functions. Some of these theories are discussed below:
Deontology: This theory can be define as that theory which is related to concept that
people should adhere to their obligations and duties when engaged in decision making when

ethics are in play. In context of organisation, this theory can implemented as theory where each
and every individual in organisation has to pay some kind of obligation to other individual in
firm in relation to management of relationship between different individual. This is best
approach to implement and advice in organisation as it helps in professional development and
reducing functions in appropriate way (Hansson and Fröding, 2020).
Utilitarianism: This is theory which is based on ability of individual where they can
predicate the consequences of particular action in organisation. This is beneficial approach as it
involve some kind of fear in mind of person which is a going to perform an unethical practice in
organisation. Along with this, it include two kind of approaches which are act utilitarianism and
rule utilitarianism (Mueller and Heger, 2018). Under act utilitarianism, employees in
organisation are performing function in relation to there own benefits where they try to manage
functions by helping each other. A rule utilitarian seeks to benefit the most people but through
the fairest and most just means available. Therefore, added benefits of rule utilitarianism are that
it values justice and includes beneficence at the same time.
Rights: This theory pay focus on rights existing in society which are formed by legal
authority and government of area where organisation is working. This is impactful function
which is related managing ethical practices in organisation by use of local rights which are
available to individual in society where they are living. This theory is helpful to firm in
managing options in front of organisation. In context of present scenario of organisation, this is
impactful theory which forces manager and leaders in organisation to perform there functions in
ethical manner. This will achieve goals and objectives and manage functions in effective way so
that manager will hinder from unethical practices (ul Haq, 2019).
Virtue: This is that theory which is linked to performance of individual but judge a
person by there character in front of people in firm. This is major theory which is related to
ethical practices and use of appropriate principal in current time. It takes the person’s morals,
reputation,and motivation into account when rating an unusual and irregular behaviour that is
considered unethical. These are factors which impacting performance of organisation and can be
use by firm to improve is efficiency (Von Oetinger, Sadarangani and Salas, 2016). This theory
facilitate achieving professional goals by managing function in effective manner.
It can be evaluated from above mentioned information that there are various functions
which are to ethical theories and professional function. These are linked to performance of firm

and are helpful in achieving business goals and objectives. This will always help firm in
managing functions and using ethical prices for achieving goals and objectives.
Use appropriate MIS development and acquisition approaches in acquiring relevant system for
organisational
MIS can be define as management information system which is use by organisation to
perform its function with the help of digital function. This is essential for organisation working
in accounting filed because it helps firm in managing authenticity of data as well as record data
for long period of time. There are number of software which can be use by organisation working
in business environment. This include different function which are related to managing
objectives of firm and using there in relation to better productivity. Organisation can acquire
these software form various sources. Some of these are discussed below:
Acquisition from external sources
Outsourcing is one of the way which can be use by organisation in relation to managing
its function. This is helpful to firm in achieving its business objectives as it can acquire IT
system from outside. Under this function, organisation has to share its data , functions and many
other information to outside organisation which is specialised in performing functions related to
information system. In other case respected firm can use outsource just the development or
maintenance of their information systems, with the outside company being a systems developer.
This is benefit to organisation as firm can manage cost by hiring other organisation ion relations
to management of data. This is also useful for firm in achieving its objectives related to
managing system and reducing errors as it become liability of other organisation to manager
firms data according. This function also have drawback there firm has to manage its objectives
accordingly. This also involve risk of data theft because user organisation has to transfer all
information to third party which impact on firms production and has great impact on objectives.
Cloud commutation is best operation for current business environment where number of
organisation are performing there function in relation to managing there information system.
This manage productivity in firm and helpful in achieving goals and objectives in time relative
manner.
Internal information systems development
Organization can also use internal methods where they can use to develop there own
system which is related to management function. In relation to current time this is best suitable

for organisation which is suffering from unethical practices and mismanagement in firm. Under
this function organisation can use life-cycle development or rapid application development
(RAD). These are the functions which are related to development of own information system in
organisation. Big organizational systems, such as enterprise systems, are generally developed
and kept up through a systematic process, known as a system life cycle, which consists of six
stages. These are feasibility study, system analysis, system design, programming and testing,
installation, and operation and maintenance (West and Zhong, 2020). This is function which is
use by organisation under which firm use to develop septate system which is according to
functions performed by organisation in current business environment. Life-cycle development is
often responsibility for its development time period and large documentation requirements.
One more kind of method is RAD, this is method which is use by organisation in place of
system life cycle. Under this method organisation is using a preliminary working version of an
application—is built quickly and inexpensively, albeit imperfectly. Herein, This paradigm is
inverted over to the users, their human action are collected,, and successive prototype versions
eventually evolve into the complete system with suggested modifications are incorporated.
These are the system which can be use by organisation in relation to formulation of
various strategy which can be use to achieve business objectives in mean time. There are various
objectives of firm which bahs to be control to manage MIS in appropriate manner. In context of
current time most suitable strategy which can be use by firm is that it can use Life-cycle
development for better information system.
CONCLUSION
It can be concluded from above mentioned information ion that it is important form
organisation to follow ethical practices in relation to achieving goals and objectives. Using an
appropriate MIS development and acquisition approaches is required to perform function band
manage objectives in timely manner. This can also seen that there are different ethical
frameworks and approaches which are useful to achieve objectives related to ethical practices in
firm.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Anasti, T., 2020. Street-Level Bureaucrats and Ethical Conflicts in Service Provision to Sex
Workers. Ethics and Social Welfare, 14(1), pp.89-104.
Bryan, D.S. and Angelos, P., 2019. How to Solve Ethical Conflicts in Everyday Surgical
Practice: A Toolbox. In Surgical Ethics (pp. 305-311). Springer, Cham.
Cartwright, J., Lasser, J. and Gottlieb, M.C., 2017. To code or not to code: Some ethical conflicts
in diagnosing children. Practice Innovations, 2(4), p.195.
D’Acquisto, G., 2020. On conflicts between ethical and logical principles in artificial
intelligence. AI & SOCIETY, pp.1-6.
Eckardt, M. and Lindfelt, M., 2019. An analysis of nursing students’ ethical conflicts in a
hospital. Nursing ethics, 26(7-8), pp.2413-2426.
Hansson, S.O. and Fröding, B., 2020. Ethical conflicts in patient-centred care. Clinical Ethics,
p.1477750920962356.
Mueller, M. and Heger, O., 2018. Health at Any Cost? Investigating Ethical Dimensions and
Potential Conflicts of an Ambulatory Therapeutic Assistance System through Value
Sensitive Design.
ul Haq, A., 2019. Medical ethics in ICU patients: conflicts and their resolution. Anaesthesia,
Pain & Intensive Care, pp.232-236.
Von Oetinger, A., Sadarangani, K.P. and Salas, S.P., 2016. Ethical conflicts in the authorship of
scientific papers. Revista Medica de Chile, 144(11), pp.1473-1478.
West, C. and Zhong, C.B., 2020. How to decide when facing ethical conflicts of
interest?. Organizational Dynamics, 49(1), p.100700.