Impact of Socio-Economic Factors on Small Businesses
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This assignment delves into the crucial relationship between socio-economic factors and the success of small businesses. Students are required to analyze a range of academic sources and statistical data to evaluate the impact of various socio-economic variables on small business performance. The assignment emphasizes understanding the complexities involved in this relationship and its implications for entrepreneurship and economic development.
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Entrepreneurship and Small
Business Management
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
PART 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Different type of entrepreneurial venture and explaining how they relate to the typology of
entrepreneurship.....................................................................................................................1
P2 Similarities and differences between each........................................................................3
M1 D1.....................................................................................................................................5
P3 Data and statistic to illustrate the impact of micro and small business have on the economy
................................................................................................................................................6
P4 Importance that small businesses and business start-ups on the growth of the social
economy...............................................................................................................................11
M2 D2...................................................................................................................................12
PART 2..........................................................................................................................................13
P5 What makes a successful entrepreneur............................................................................13
P6 How aspects of the entrepreneurial personality reflect entrepreneurial motivation and
mindset. ..............................................................................................................................14
M3 D3...................................................................................................................................16
P7 how a person’s background and past experiences can hinder or foster entrepreneurship.16
M4 D4...................................................................................................................................17
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................17
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................18
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
PART 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Different type of entrepreneurial venture and explaining how they relate to the typology of
entrepreneurship.....................................................................................................................1
P2 Similarities and differences between each........................................................................3
M1 D1.....................................................................................................................................5
P3 Data and statistic to illustrate the impact of micro and small business have on the economy
................................................................................................................................................6
P4 Importance that small businesses and business start-ups on the growth of the social
economy...............................................................................................................................11
M2 D2...................................................................................................................................12
PART 2..........................................................................................................................................13
P5 What makes a successful entrepreneur............................................................................13
P6 How aspects of the entrepreneurial personality reflect entrepreneurial motivation and
mindset. ..............................................................................................................................14
M3 D3...................................................................................................................................16
P7 how a person’s background and past experiences can hinder or foster entrepreneurship.16
M4 D4...................................................................................................................................17
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................17
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................18
INTRODUCTION
Entrepreneurship and small-business management are connected to each other in terms of
managing business at domestic level. The report will cover different types of entrepreneurial
ventures and relation to their typologies. The similarities and differences between entrepreneurial
ventures is also covered with roles, characteristics and objectives of ventures such as social,
public and private business. The impact of micro and small-business on the UK economy is
discussed with relevant examples, graphs and tables which helps to demonstrate positive and
negative impact. The importance of small-business and business start-ups towards the
development and growth of UK economy will be discussed in this report. The report will
demonstrate characteristic, traits, and skills posses by a successful entrepreneur. The reflection of
entrepreneur personality towards his or her mindset and motivation covering factors that hinder
or foster entrepreneurship will be discussed in this report.
PART 1
P1 Different type of entrepreneurial venture and explaining how they relate to the typology of
entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurship is a process of launching, designing and running a
business , which is often a small firm. Creator of the business is known as entrepreneur. An
entrepreneur has idea how to create products and services for customers in the market in order to
support sales. Entrepreneur assume all the risks and rewards of the business (Burns, 2016). An
entrepreneur faces many difficulties and uncertainties in the company but focus on objectives
and aim will help to take right decisions in order earn profitability effectively. Small businesses
are contributing towards economic growth and development that, UK government also
promoting at domestic and international level. It can be said that, not all the entrepreneurship are
same that there are four different types described by Steve Black as following:
Small-business entrepreneurship: It can be said that there are total 5.7 million small businesses
in United Kingdom. They make up 99.7% of all companies and employ 50% of all non-
governmental workers. Small ventures such as travel agents, groceries, stores, plumbers,
electricians, carpenters and internet commerce stores etc. These type of businesses are mostly
managed and run by local families in order to feed family members and make profits. Funds for
business is received through friends, family members or bank loan.
1
Entrepreneurship and small-business management are connected to each other in terms of
managing business at domestic level. The report will cover different types of entrepreneurial
ventures and relation to their typologies. The similarities and differences between entrepreneurial
ventures is also covered with roles, characteristics and objectives of ventures such as social,
public and private business. The impact of micro and small-business on the UK economy is
discussed with relevant examples, graphs and tables which helps to demonstrate positive and
negative impact. The importance of small-business and business start-ups towards the
development and growth of UK economy will be discussed in this report. The report will
demonstrate characteristic, traits, and skills posses by a successful entrepreneur. The reflection of
entrepreneur personality towards his or her mindset and motivation covering factors that hinder
or foster entrepreneurship will be discussed in this report.
PART 1
P1 Different type of entrepreneurial venture and explaining how they relate to the typology of
entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurship is a process of launching, designing and running a
business , which is often a small firm. Creator of the business is known as entrepreneur. An
entrepreneur has idea how to create products and services for customers in the market in order to
support sales. Entrepreneur assume all the risks and rewards of the business (Burns, 2016). An
entrepreneur faces many difficulties and uncertainties in the company but focus on objectives
and aim will help to take right decisions in order earn profitability effectively. Small businesses
are contributing towards economic growth and development that, UK government also
promoting at domestic and international level. It can be said that, not all the entrepreneurship are
same that there are four different types described by Steve Black as following:
Small-business entrepreneurship: It can be said that there are total 5.7 million small businesses
in United Kingdom. They make up 99.7% of all companies and employ 50% of all non-
governmental workers. Small ventures such as travel agents, groceries, stores, plumbers,
electricians, carpenters and internet commerce stores etc. These type of businesses are mostly
managed and run by local families in order to feed family members and make profits. Funds for
business is received through friends, family members or bank loan.
1
Scalable start-up entrepreneurship: Scalable entrepreneurs are different in nature that they are
focused on their vision. They are so much confident that their vision could change the world
effectively. The business is started with a unique research of ideas and thoughts. The
entrepreneur hire best and quality employees in order to achieve vision and objectives. The main
work is to search scalable and repeatable business model in order to select best and appropriate
to start the venture.
Large company entrepreneurship: Large business have finite life cycle. Such kind of businesses
are established with a huge amount of capital and mainly focused on increasing profitability and
production (Schaper, Weber and Gibson, 2014). Changes in new technologies, competitors,
legislation and customer taste and preferences create pressure of descriptive innovations within
business effectively. Large business is required to create new products and services for
customers in the market. The entrepreneur manage a large number of employees in the firm in
order to manage and control various business and operational activities. It has been seen that the
large businesses are mostly managed and run by male entrepreneurs.
Social entrepreneurship: Social entrepreneurs create products and services to solve social needs
and requirements. Such type of entrepreneurs are motivated towards social services and provide
services to those members who are not able to purchase them due to the financial issues. But
unlike scalable start-ups their goal is to make the world a better place, not to take market share or
to create to wealth for the founder. They may be non-profit, for-profit, or hybrid. Male and
female both can be social entrepreneurs in this sector. They do not work for profitability or any
income.
Determined entrepreneur: Determined entrepreneurs are mostly the pacemaker instead of path
followers and they are also not interested to copy the products and services of any other business
to increase their own sales and profit (Mariotti and Glackin, 2014). Such type of entrepreneurs
are so much confident that they can make a change with a unique business idea. They work for
the success of company in order to achieve profitability and production. Male and female both
can be determined entrepreneurs.
Thus, it can be concluded that there are mainly four types of entrepreneurship and they
are connected to their typologies as well. Small business work for a limited income and other
side large ventures operate to increase profitability and production. Different entrepreneurs have
2
focused on their vision. They are so much confident that their vision could change the world
effectively. The business is started with a unique research of ideas and thoughts. The
entrepreneur hire best and quality employees in order to achieve vision and objectives. The main
work is to search scalable and repeatable business model in order to select best and appropriate
to start the venture.
Large company entrepreneurship: Large business have finite life cycle. Such kind of businesses
are established with a huge amount of capital and mainly focused on increasing profitability and
production (Schaper, Weber and Gibson, 2014). Changes in new technologies, competitors,
legislation and customer taste and preferences create pressure of descriptive innovations within
business effectively. Large business is required to create new products and services for
customers in the market. The entrepreneur manage a large number of employees in the firm in
order to manage and control various business and operational activities. It has been seen that the
large businesses are mostly managed and run by male entrepreneurs.
Social entrepreneurship: Social entrepreneurs create products and services to solve social needs
and requirements. Such type of entrepreneurs are motivated towards social services and provide
services to those members who are not able to purchase them due to the financial issues. But
unlike scalable start-ups their goal is to make the world a better place, not to take market share or
to create to wealth for the founder. They may be non-profit, for-profit, or hybrid. Male and
female both can be social entrepreneurs in this sector. They do not work for profitability or any
income.
Determined entrepreneur: Determined entrepreneurs are mostly the pacemaker instead of path
followers and they are also not interested to copy the products and services of any other business
to increase their own sales and profit (Mariotti and Glackin, 2014). Such type of entrepreneurs
are so much confident that they can make a change with a unique business idea. They work for
the success of company in order to achieve profitability and production. Male and female both
can be determined entrepreneurs.
Thus, it can be concluded that there are mainly four types of entrepreneurship and they
are connected to their typologies as well. Small business work for a limited income and other
side large ventures operate to increase profitability and production. Different entrepreneurs have
2
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various thinking, behaviour, characteristics and knowledge from which they start a venture to
become successful in the future effectively.
P2 Similarities and differences between each
Private business: Private business is owned by one person or a small number of group such as
family members in order to establish a income of source and earn profits. The business is run by
either non-governmental firms or a small number of shareholders in the market. The businesses
policies and strategies are managed and controlled by government legislation effectively. The
business is mainly focused on improving profitability in order to earn high revenues.
Public business: Public corporation is a corporation whose ownership is dispersed among the
general public in many shares of stock which are freely traded on a stock exchange or in over the
counter market. In simple word public business are those in which all the activities related to
company such as operational activities, policies and strategies are managed and controlled by
government effectively (Dana, 2016). There is no role of private individuals. The sector of public
business is very large and work for providing better and quality services to people in order to
enhance economy development and growth.
Social business: Social businesses are concerned with services that are reliable and effective for
those who can not afford them. Such kind of entrepreneurs and people working in firm do not
expect profitability instead they provide quality products and services to people. Social
entrepreneurship is the use of start up company and other entrepreneur to develop, fund and
implement solution to social, cultural, or environmental issues. The concept is also applied on
different firms with various aims, sizes, objectives and beliefs.
Different types of entrepreneurs have many similarities and differences that they all work
for a common objective of successful business. They are promised towards providing quality
products and services to customers in the market.
Similarities and differences between different business ventures:
Similarities
and
differences
Small Business Ventures Scalable Start-Up Venture Social Venture
Similarities Production and employees
both are limited but
focused on business
There are few people who
have adequate knowledge
and skills of business
Number of workers
involved in social
ventures in order to
3
become successful in the future effectively.
P2 Similarities and differences between each
Private business: Private business is owned by one person or a small number of group such as
family members in order to establish a income of source and earn profits. The business is run by
either non-governmental firms or a small number of shareholders in the market. The businesses
policies and strategies are managed and controlled by government legislation effectively. The
business is mainly focused on improving profitability in order to earn high revenues.
Public business: Public corporation is a corporation whose ownership is dispersed among the
general public in many shares of stock which are freely traded on a stock exchange or in over the
counter market. In simple word public business are those in which all the activities related to
company such as operational activities, policies and strategies are managed and controlled by
government effectively (Dana, 2016). There is no role of private individuals. The sector of public
business is very large and work for providing better and quality services to people in order to
enhance economy development and growth.
Social business: Social businesses are concerned with services that are reliable and effective for
those who can not afford them. Such kind of entrepreneurs and people working in firm do not
expect profitability instead they provide quality products and services to people. Social
entrepreneurship is the use of start up company and other entrepreneur to develop, fund and
implement solution to social, cultural, or environmental issues. The concept is also applied on
different firms with various aims, sizes, objectives and beliefs.
Different types of entrepreneurs have many similarities and differences that they all work
for a common objective of successful business. They are promised towards providing quality
products and services to customers in the market.
Similarities and differences between different business ventures:
Similarities
and
differences
Small Business Ventures Scalable Start-Up Venture Social Venture
Similarities Production and employees
both are limited but
focused on business
There are few people who
have adequate knowledge
and skills of business
Number of workers
involved in social
ventures in order to
3
success and to create
income of source.
operations. provide services to local
people.
Similarities Local workers such as
friends or family
members are involved for
business expansion and
increasing employment.
Such businesses have plan
and strategies for business
development and
improvement in order to
achieve vision effectively.
Social ventures help to
increase economical
growth and development
by providing quality
services.
differences Small-business ventures
starts with a single
product or service and try
to achieve customer base
for expansion (Hatten,
2015).
These businesses are
focused on implementing
the vision goals and
objectives and try to
achieve them with unique
ideas and thoughts.
The social ventures are
not concerned with
earning profitability that
they work to improve an
individual life.
differences Low risk involvement
while starting the
business.
High risk involvement and
they are passionate about
achieving success.
No risks are involved as
they are working for the
welfare of society
effectively.
Differences between male and female entrepreneur:
MALE ENTREPRENEUR FEMALE ENTREPRENEUR
Make easy decisions. Face difficulties sometimes while making
decisions.
The focus of business is economy and cost. Social contribution and focused on quality.
Effective financial decisions. Conservative for financial risks.
Have enough information regarding business
operational activities.
Require detail information about business
operations and activities.
logical thinkers. Intuitive thinkers
Aggressive towards business expansion. Conservative about expansion
4
income of source.
operations. provide services to local
people.
Similarities Local workers such as
friends or family
members are involved for
business expansion and
increasing employment.
Such businesses have plan
and strategies for business
development and
improvement in order to
achieve vision effectively.
Social ventures help to
increase economical
growth and development
by providing quality
services.
differences Small-business ventures
starts with a single
product or service and try
to achieve customer base
for expansion (Hatten,
2015).
These businesses are
focused on implementing
the vision goals and
objectives and try to
achieve them with unique
ideas and thoughts.
The social ventures are
not concerned with
earning profitability that
they work to improve an
individual life.
differences Low risk involvement
while starting the
business.
High risk involvement and
they are passionate about
achieving success.
No risks are involved as
they are working for the
welfare of society
effectively.
Differences between male and female entrepreneur:
MALE ENTREPRENEUR FEMALE ENTREPRENEUR
Make easy decisions. Face difficulties sometimes while making
decisions.
The focus of business is economy and cost. Social contribution and focused on quality.
Effective financial decisions. Conservative for financial risks.
Have enough information regarding business
operational activities.
Require detail information about business
operations and activities.
logical thinkers. Intuitive thinkers
Aggressive towards business expansion. Conservative about expansion
4
Strong initiative. Positive, autonomous and think critically.
Similarities
MALE ENTREPRENEUR FEMALE ENTREPRENEUR
Control and focus on business activities Focus and control on business activities
Well educated and positive attitude Education level is good and positive attitude
Financial and business knowledge and skills Good financial and business knowledge
Profit makers in any situation Significant enough to earn profitability.
BASIS Survival Lifestyle Managed growth Aggressive
growth
Annual growth Nominal 5% weekly
and ,monthly
operations
10-15% and 1-2
years
20.00%
Management
focus
Reactive Tactical Strategic Proactive and
strategic
Exit approach Shut down Sell transfer and
shut down
Sell, merge and
transfer
Sell, merge and
go public
Structure None Simple Functional Functional,
production and
innovation
apart from this management skills, rewards and economic motives also different for each and
every factor effectively.
5
Similarities
MALE ENTREPRENEUR FEMALE ENTREPRENEUR
Control and focus on business activities Focus and control on business activities
Well educated and positive attitude Education level is good and positive attitude
Financial and business knowledge and skills Good financial and business knowledge
Profit makers in any situation Significant enough to earn profitability.
BASIS Survival Lifestyle Managed growth Aggressive
growth
Annual growth Nominal 5% weekly
and ,monthly
operations
10-15% and 1-2
years
20.00%
Management
focus
Reactive Tactical Strategic Proactive and
strategic
Exit approach Shut down Sell transfer and
shut down
Sell, merge and
transfer
Sell, merge and
go public
Structure None Simple Functional Functional,
production and
innovation
apart from this management skills, rewards and economic motives also different for each and
every factor effectively.
5
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M1 D1
There has been many academic debates around the definition of an entrepreneurial venture.
According to Gartner, an entrepreneurial venture can be defined as being the creation of an
organisation or a business start up. Kuratko et al proposed four main typologies of
entrepreneurial ventures, known as survival ventures, lifestyle ventures, managed growth
ventures and aggressive growth ventures. One good example is Mr. Bezo, who started out at a
micro level, running Amazon literally from his garage selling books, which has been heavily
developed and is one of the fastest growing successful businesses around in modern time.
P3 Data and statistic to illustrate the impact of micro and small business have on the economy
Illustration 1: Statistics on Private sector businesses in the UK 2017
Source: Government 2018
During the 2016 year there was 16.01 million employments made within small-
businesses in the UK which helps to made up 60% employment of private sector that year
effectively. The overall combined revenue of small-businesses in 2017 start was 1.9 trillion
which translate to turnover of 51% in private sectors in the UK.
6
There has been many academic debates around the definition of an entrepreneurial venture.
According to Gartner, an entrepreneurial venture can be defined as being the creation of an
organisation or a business start up. Kuratko et al proposed four main typologies of
entrepreneurial ventures, known as survival ventures, lifestyle ventures, managed growth
ventures and aggressive growth ventures. One good example is Mr. Bezo, who started out at a
micro level, running Amazon literally from his garage selling books, which has been heavily
developed and is one of the fastest growing successful businesses around in modern time.
P3 Data and statistic to illustrate the impact of micro and small business have on the economy
Illustration 1: Statistics on Private sector businesses in the UK 2017
Source: Government 2018
During the 2016 year there was 16.01 million employments made within small-
businesses in the UK which helps to made up 60% employment of private sector that year
effectively. The overall combined revenue of small-businesses in 2017 start was 1.9 trillion
which translate to turnover of 51% in private sectors in the UK.
6
Illustration 3: Business statistics
Source: Government 2018
7
Illustration 2: The business contributions, start of 2017 (population,
employment and turnover).
Source: Government 2018
Source: Government 2018
7
Illustration 2: The business contributions, start of 2017 (population,
employment and turnover).
Source: Government 2018
It can be said that in London the South of England in the private sector is higher In UK in
comparison to anyone else effectively (Henrekson and Sanandaji, 2014). London at the
beginning of 2017 the number of businesses per 10,000 people was the highest out of the UK
with a density rate (1,519), followed by high rates of 1,272 in the South East of England. The
South West of England wasn't far behind with rates of 1,170 and the East of England was at
1,155 at the beginning of 2017 effectively.
Illustration 4: Amount of UK private sector businesses per 10,000 people at the beginning
of 2017 (region and country).
Sole-proprietorship: Single owner of a business is known as sole-proprietor. He or she is
responsible for managing and controlling business operational activities as well as profitability
and production. The profits and losses are also owned by proprietor. These people help towards
economy development for UK country. For an example, tax liability, considerations,
responsibilities and ownership (Sahut and Peris-Ortiz, 2014).
Partnership business: Partnership businesses are owned by a group of shareholders or people
which can be big or small in nature and scope effectively. Such businesses are mainly focused on
profitability and production which is increase by tourism and other government supports. In this
business profitability and losses are divided to partners equally or according to the investment
8
comparison to anyone else effectively (Henrekson and Sanandaji, 2014). London at the
beginning of 2017 the number of businesses per 10,000 people was the highest out of the UK
with a density rate (1,519), followed by high rates of 1,272 in the South East of England. The
South West of England wasn't far behind with rates of 1,170 and the East of England was at
1,155 at the beginning of 2017 effectively.
Illustration 4: Amount of UK private sector businesses per 10,000 people at the beginning
of 2017 (region and country).
Sole-proprietorship: Single owner of a business is known as sole-proprietor. He or she is
responsible for managing and controlling business operational activities as well as profitability
and production. The profits and losses are also owned by proprietor. These people help towards
economy development for UK country. For an example, tax liability, considerations,
responsibilities and ownership (Sahut and Peris-Ortiz, 2014).
Partnership business: Partnership businesses are owned by a group of shareholders or people
which can be big or small in nature and scope effectively. Such businesses are mainly focused on
profitability and production which is increase by tourism and other government supports. In this
business profitability and losses are divided to partners equally or according to the investment
8
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ratios. This will also help to develop and improve the UK economy level. Characteristics such as
control and management, entity, unlimited liability, profit motive and conduct of business.
Private business: Private business is managed and controlled by board and committee members.
The business is also large in scope and sizes. Private businesses have their own policies and
strategies but controlled by government legislation effectively. Private business also help
towards economic growth.
SMEs and the Economy
Small businesses accounted for 99.3% of all private sector
businesses at the start of 2016 and 99.9% were small or
medium-sized (SMEs).
Total employment in SMEs was 15.7 million; 60% of all
private sector employment in the UK.
The combined annual turnover of SMEs was £1.8 trillion,
47% of all private sector turnover in the UK.
9
control and management, entity, unlimited liability, profit motive and conduct of business.
Private business: Private business is managed and controlled by board and committee members.
The business is also large in scope and sizes. Private businesses have their own policies and
strategies but controlled by government legislation effectively. Private business also help
towards economic growth.
SMEs and the Economy
Small businesses accounted for 99.3% of all private sector
businesses at the start of 2016 and 99.9% were small or
medium-sized (SMEs).
Total employment in SMEs was 15.7 million; 60% of all
private sector employment in the UK.
The combined annual turnover of SMEs was £1.8 trillion,
47% of all private sector turnover in the UK.
9
the UK private sector business population comprised 3.3 million sole
proprietorships (60% of the total), 1.8 million actively trading companiesii (32%)
and 421,000 ordinary partnerships (8%)
935,000 companies were employersiii, as were 265,000 sole proprietorships
and 125,000 ordinary partnerships
the business population increased by 2.0 million (+59%)
the average rate of annual growth in the business population was around +3%
10
proprietorships (60% of the total), 1.8 million actively trading companiesii (32%)
and 421,000 ordinary partnerships (8%)
935,000 companies were employersiii, as were 265,000 sole proprietorships
and 125,000 ordinary partnerships
the business population increased by 2.0 million (+59%)
the average rate of annual growth in the business population was around +3%
10
the highest rate of increase was +7% between 2003 and 2004, and between
2013 and 2014
It can be said that Britain exit has a direct impact on UK economy. The government
should take some initial steps in order to improve and develop GDP rate (Miles, Lau and
Terziovski, 2017). Micro-businesses are contributing their efforts in order to improve economy
growth. This will help government to create opportunities for people in terms of employment and
other services effectively.
P4 Importance that small businesses and business start-ups on the growth of the social economy
It can be said from the above analysis that small-businesses are going good and
contributing towards UK economic development and growth. The businesses are driving US
economy and now become the most important part. There is a record number of start-up ventures
in both 2013 and 2014 effectively. The economic climate of UK is best and appropriate for start-
up business (Obeng, Robson and Haugh, 2014). In addition to this, the government also
supporting small business development in order to achieve sustainable economy growth. The
question is why small-business are important for UK.?
Turnover: Turnover probably the first metric that comes into mind while measuring economic
contribution. It can be said from the above data analysis that small-business had a combined
turnover of 1.6 trillion at 2014 starting of year. The more effective and impressive thing is that
the amount is whopping 47% of overall turnover made by private firms effectively. Thus, it can
be said that the small-businesses are contributing towards social and country economic
development.
Employment: Employees are not the main majority of small-businesses that sole traders works
independently and still makes a large contribution to job creation and economic growth. Total
number of small business employees in UK 24.3 million which accounts for 60% of all private
sectors employment and a very effective 81% of total work force efficiently (Kuratko, Hornsby
and Hayton, 2015).
Growth: Small medium-businesses are contributing well towards business and economy growth.
It can be said that innovation is a main part of business growth that it helps to keep market fresh
and stops firms from becoming passive. According to a report 37% of small medium-business
11
2013 and 2014
It can be said that Britain exit has a direct impact on UK economy. The government
should take some initial steps in order to improve and develop GDP rate (Miles, Lau and
Terziovski, 2017). Micro-businesses are contributing their efforts in order to improve economy
growth. This will help government to create opportunities for people in terms of employment and
other services effectively.
P4 Importance that small businesses and business start-ups on the growth of the social economy
It can be said from the above analysis that small-businesses are going good and
contributing towards UK economic development and growth. The businesses are driving US
economy and now become the most important part. There is a record number of start-up ventures
in both 2013 and 2014 effectively. The economic climate of UK is best and appropriate for start-
up business (Obeng, Robson and Haugh, 2014). In addition to this, the government also
supporting small business development in order to achieve sustainable economy growth. The
question is why small-business are important for UK.?
Turnover: Turnover probably the first metric that comes into mind while measuring economic
contribution. It can be said from the above data analysis that small-business had a combined
turnover of 1.6 trillion at 2014 starting of year. The more effective and impressive thing is that
the amount is whopping 47% of overall turnover made by private firms effectively. Thus, it can
be said that the small-businesses are contributing towards social and country economic
development.
Employment: Employees are not the main majority of small-businesses that sole traders works
independently and still makes a large contribution to job creation and economic growth. Total
number of small business employees in UK 24.3 million which accounts for 60% of all private
sectors employment and a very effective 81% of total work force efficiently (Kuratko, Hornsby
and Hayton, 2015).
Growth: Small medium-businesses are contributing well towards business and economy growth.
It can be said that innovation is a main part of business growth that it helps to keep market fresh
and stops firms from becoming passive. According to a report 37% of small medium-business
11
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engaged in innovative activities. SME plays a important role in order to lift UK out of recessions
effectively.
Future growth: It can be said that not every small business will remain small. Large corporation
such as Ben and Jerry's, Nike started with a small business and now become the major players in
national and international markets effectively. Microsoft is a prime example of how a small
business and its idea can change the world. Thus, it can be analysed that small medium-business
will help towards economy development and growth in the future as well.
Economic growth: SME provide effective contribution to local economy by bringing innovation
and growth to the community in which the firm is established effectively (Saleem, 2017). Small
business also provide opportunities for local people in terms of employment. The business tend
to attract talent who is able to make quality and effective products and services or implement
new solution for existing issues.
Inventiveness and innovation: Small-business are well positioned towards introducing and
developing new ideas of innovation. For an example, when Anita Roddick set up The Body
Shop, she developed a range of environmentally friendly cosmetics in unsophisticated
packaging. This would have been frowned on in a conventional cosmetic business.
Relationship development: Small-business entrepreneurs have personal relationship with
employees, suppliers, and customers in the market. In a small business you already know whom
you are dealing with and make a face to face contact. Person to person interaction I very useful
to build a strong relationship (Ghio, Lehmann and Rossi-Lamastra, 2015). This will help to
achieve targets and goals and which help to enhance UK economy level effectively.
Thus, it can be said from the above analysis that small-businesses are very crucial in
order improve and develop economy level of nation effectively. The main reason behind many
people like to choose and do small business is that it gives them independence. They enjoy their
own profits and losses, provide rewards to themselves.
M2 D2
The SME contributed to making over £200bn last year. Since the recession in 2008, SMEs have
played a major role in pushing the UK out of it. The number of SMEs has grown immensely
since the financial crisis in the UK, increasing in 2011 from 4.6m to 5.7m in 2017. Between that
time they have created over 2 million jobs in the private sector. The combined annual turnover in
2017 by SMEs in the UK, amounted to £1.9 trillion, as mentioned in above in figure 1, which
12
effectively.
Future growth: It can be said that not every small business will remain small. Large corporation
such as Ben and Jerry's, Nike started with a small business and now become the major players in
national and international markets effectively. Microsoft is a prime example of how a small
business and its idea can change the world. Thus, it can be analysed that small medium-business
will help towards economy development and growth in the future as well.
Economic growth: SME provide effective contribution to local economy by bringing innovation
and growth to the community in which the firm is established effectively (Saleem, 2017). Small
business also provide opportunities for local people in terms of employment. The business tend
to attract talent who is able to make quality and effective products and services or implement
new solution for existing issues.
Inventiveness and innovation: Small-business are well positioned towards introducing and
developing new ideas of innovation. For an example, when Anita Roddick set up The Body
Shop, she developed a range of environmentally friendly cosmetics in unsophisticated
packaging. This would have been frowned on in a conventional cosmetic business.
Relationship development: Small-business entrepreneurs have personal relationship with
employees, suppliers, and customers in the market. In a small business you already know whom
you are dealing with and make a face to face contact. Person to person interaction I very useful
to build a strong relationship (Ghio, Lehmann and Rossi-Lamastra, 2015). This will help to
achieve targets and goals and which help to enhance UK economy level effectively.
Thus, it can be said from the above analysis that small-businesses are very crucial in
order improve and develop economy level of nation effectively. The main reason behind many
people like to choose and do small business is that it gives them independence. They enjoy their
own profits and losses, provide rewards to themselves.
M2 D2
The SME contributed to making over £200bn last year. Since the recession in 2008, SMEs have
played a major role in pushing the UK out of it. The number of SMEs has grown immensely
since the financial crisis in the UK, increasing in 2011 from 4.6m to 5.7m in 2017. Between that
time they have created over 2 million jobs in the private sector. The combined annual turnover in
2017 by SMEs in the UK, amounted to £1.9 trillion, as mentioned in above in figure 1, which
12
accounted for 51% of all of the private sectors turnover. According to Schumpeter, “the hallmark
of capitalism is innovation” He believes that old products, old enterprises and organisations need
to be filtered out in order to form new one.
PART 2
P5 What makes a successful entrepreneur
It can be said that a successful entrepreneur requires effective knowledge, skills and
characteristic in order to manage and run business smoothly and towards profitability. Some of
the characteristic, traits and skilled possessed by a successful entrepreneur are discussed below:
Passionate and motivator: There are many special traits make en entrepreneur successful in
business in which motivation and passion is most important thing. Passion and motivation is all
about doing a work over and over again without getting bored. Passion is something keeps you
awake at night because it is not finished yet. Motivation is something you enjoy want to doing
for the rest of life. These are some traits of a successful entrepreneur.
Risk taker: Entrepreneurs are risk takers. They are always ready to dive deep into a uncertainty
future effectively (Castrogiovanni, 2018). It is not that all risk takers are successful
entrepreneurs. There is a slightly difference between those two, a successful entrepreneur make
reserve plans and strategies while taking risk in order to prevent from harm and losses. Apart
from this, without any specific information taking risk is always dangerous in business.
Self-believer and hard worker: An successful entrepreneur always believes in themselves and
also confident to their projects. They are hard worker that in case of small-businesses s single
person is liable for managing and controlling all the business operational, financial and non-
financial activities. He is responsible for the profits as well as losses in business.
Knowledge of products and market: Entrepreneur should have effective knowledge of products
and services offering in the market towards customers. Knowledge of market will also help to
assess requirements and demands of consumers from which they are able to produce quality
products and services according to their needs. Such knowledge of products and market will also
help to make changes in order to gain competitive advantage effectively.
Strong financial management: Every business requires financial and non-financial resources in
order to gain effectiveness of operational activities effectively (Zacca, Dayan and Ahrens, 2015).
In addition to this, a successful entrepreneur manages all the available resources under the
budget and use effectively in order to raise profits and production. Strong financial management
13
of capitalism is innovation” He believes that old products, old enterprises and organisations need
to be filtered out in order to form new one.
PART 2
P5 What makes a successful entrepreneur
It can be said that a successful entrepreneur requires effective knowledge, skills and
characteristic in order to manage and run business smoothly and towards profitability. Some of
the characteristic, traits and skilled possessed by a successful entrepreneur are discussed below:
Passionate and motivator: There are many special traits make en entrepreneur successful in
business in which motivation and passion is most important thing. Passion and motivation is all
about doing a work over and over again without getting bored. Passion is something keeps you
awake at night because it is not finished yet. Motivation is something you enjoy want to doing
for the rest of life. These are some traits of a successful entrepreneur.
Risk taker: Entrepreneurs are risk takers. They are always ready to dive deep into a uncertainty
future effectively (Castrogiovanni, 2018). It is not that all risk takers are successful
entrepreneurs. There is a slightly difference between those two, a successful entrepreneur make
reserve plans and strategies while taking risk in order to prevent from harm and losses. Apart
from this, without any specific information taking risk is always dangerous in business.
Self-believer and hard worker: An successful entrepreneur always believes in themselves and
also confident to their projects. They are hard worker that in case of small-businesses s single
person is liable for managing and controlling all the business operational, financial and non-
financial activities. He is responsible for the profits as well as losses in business.
Knowledge of products and market: Entrepreneur should have effective knowledge of products
and services offering in the market towards customers. Knowledge of market will also help to
assess requirements and demands of consumers from which they are able to produce quality
products and services according to their needs. Such knowledge of products and market will also
help to make changes in order to gain competitive advantage effectively.
Strong financial management: Every business requires financial and non-financial resources in
order to gain effectiveness of operational activities effectively (Zacca, Dayan and Ahrens, 2015).
In addition to this, a successful entrepreneur manages all the available resources under the
budget and use effectively in order to raise profits and production. Strong financial management
13
is required to respond future financial issues and also help to take advantage of opportunities
efficiently.
Planning and strategies: A successful entrepreneur plans everything before implementing
decisions or any other activities. Strategy and plan will help to achieve desired outcomes and
provide clear understanding of business goals and objectives. Thus, it can be said that strategies
and plans will help to achieve business expansion through increasing profits and productivity.
Flexible: A entrepreneur should be flexible enough to manage all the conditions effectively with
knowledge and experience (Pansiri and Yalala, 2017). Flexible nature will help to assist difficult
situation and provide clear solution for the problem. This will help to increase effectiveness of
business operations and lead towards profitability.
P6 How aspects of the entrepreneurial personality reflect entrepreneurial motivation and mindset.
There are man theories provided by psychologists on characteristic, personalities and
traits of entrepreneur. The most common traits shared commonly are discussed below in the
table:
Shared trait Description
The need to achieve ambition Every entrepreneur try hard to become successful. They have
ability to set targets and objectives for both business and
employees and also tend to be very dedicated and proactive
towards their vision effectively. They have a strong desire and
drive to accomplish better results. They have also a ability to
plan ahead for the future uncertainties and in order to control
activities.
Risk taking Entrepreneur tends to be risk taker. It can be said that all the
successful entrepreneurs have participated in calculate risk
taking activities. They also have great propensity when it all
comes to take risk in order to drive business performance and
profitability.
Vision and perception A successful entrepreneur has always a vision and perception to
achieve. They have ability to see things differently that other
people can not do or see (Bennett, 2014). They have faith in
14
efficiently.
Planning and strategies: A successful entrepreneur plans everything before implementing
decisions or any other activities. Strategy and plan will help to achieve desired outcomes and
provide clear understanding of business goals and objectives. Thus, it can be said that strategies
and plans will help to achieve business expansion through increasing profits and productivity.
Flexible: A entrepreneur should be flexible enough to manage all the conditions effectively with
knowledge and experience (Pansiri and Yalala, 2017). Flexible nature will help to assist difficult
situation and provide clear solution for the problem. This will help to increase effectiveness of
business operations and lead towards profitability.
P6 How aspects of the entrepreneurial personality reflect entrepreneurial motivation and mindset.
There are man theories provided by psychologists on characteristic, personalities and
traits of entrepreneur. The most common traits shared commonly are discussed below in the
table:
Shared trait Description
The need to achieve ambition Every entrepreneur try hard to become successful. They have
ability to set targets and objectives for both business and
employees and also tend to be very dedicated and proactive
towards their vision effectively. They have a strong desire and
drive to accomplish better results. They have also a ability to
plan ahead for the future uncertainties and in order to control
activities.
Risk taking Entrepreneur tends to be risk taker. It can be said that all the
successful entrepreneurs have participated in calculate risk
taking activities. They also have great propensity when it all
comes to take risk in order to drive business performance and
profitability.
Vision and perception A successful entrepreneur has always a vision and perception to
achieve. They have ability to see things differently that other
people can not do or see (Bennett, 2014). They have faith in
14
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themselves that they are able to fill market and customer
demands and requirements in order to achieve goals and
targets of business expansion and profitability.
Every entrepreneur has different characteristic, skills and knowledge which helps to
operate business and operational activities effectively and efficiently. It can be said that aspects
of a entrepreneur personality will reflect the motivation and mindset of entrepreneur which can
be towards business or personal work.
Take actions: A successful entrepreneur take actions regarding various activities in business
which reflect the decision power (Saleem, 2017). This will help to assess how effective decisions
are made by entrepreneur towards difficult situations. Entrepreneur take risks because they are
passionate and achieve success.
Independent: Entrepreneurs are normally independent that they complete their work by
themselves and do not involve any person for any kind of help. The knowledge and skill will
help an entrepreneur to identify and determine issues and make solutions accordingly and
effectively.
Desire to do something innovative: A successful entrepreneur is always ready to do something
innovative. Innovation will help to increase business production and profitability by searching
something new which does not exists yet in the market. Innovative things will increase
experience of entrepreneur and provide something useful every time.
Management of resources: Management of financial and non-financial resources in business is
necessary for a successful entrepreneur in order to enhance productivity and profitability. It can
be said that resource management will help to determine strategies and plans used by
entrepreneur which helps to identify personality and mindset.
Policies and encouragement: There are several policies managed by entrepreneur in order to run
business smoothly and effectively without any barriers (Kuratko, Hornsby and Hayton, 2015).
Policies ill help to understand employees roles and responsibilities regarding their individual
work which helps to engage them in various tasks by providing encouragement effectively.
Thus, it can be said that an effective entrepreneur personality aspects reflect the mindset
and motivation. This will help to identify and determine how effective he or he is towards
15
demands and requirements in order to achieve goals and
targets of business expansion and profitability.
Every entrepreneur has different characteristic, skills and knowledge which helps to
operate business and operational activities effectively and efficiently. It can be said that aspects
of a entrepreneur personality will reflect the motivation and mindset of entrepreneur which can
be towards business or personal work.
Take actions: A successful entrepreneur take actions regarding various activities in business
which reflect the decision power (Saleem, 2017). This will help to assess how effective decisions
are made by entrepreneur towards difficult situations. Entrepreneur take risks because they are
passionate and achieve success.
Independent: Entrepreneurs are normally independent that they complete their work by
themselves and do not involve any person for any kind of help. The knowledge and skill will
help an entrepreneur to identify and determine issues and make solutions accordingly and
effectively.
Desire to do something innovative: A successful entrepreneur is always ready to do something
innovative. Innovation will help to increase business production and profitability by searching
something new which does not exists yet in the market. Innovative things will increase
experience of entrepreneur and provide something useful every time.
Management of resources: Management of financial and non-financial resources in business is
necessary for a successful entrepreneur in order to enhance productivity and profitability. It can
be said that resource management will help to determine strategies and plans used by
entrepreneur which helps to identify personality and mindset.
Policies and encouragement: There are several policies managed by entrepreneur in order to run
business smoothly and effectively without any barriers (Kuratko, Hornsby and Hayton, 2015).
Policies ill help to understand employees roles and responsibilities regarding their individual
work which helps to engage them in various tasks by providing encouragement effectively.
Thus, it can be said that an effective entrepreneur personality aspects reflect the mindset
and motivation. This will help to identify and determine how effective he or he is towards
15
managing various business operational activities in order to enhance production and profitability
effectively.
M3 D3
For an example, a successful entrepreneur Mark Zukerberg who is the owner of Facebook
is leading the market effectively. There are many skills possessed by Mark such as setting targets
and objectives for both business and employees. Entrepreneurs strive hard to be successful. They
have the ability to set demanding targets and objectives for themselves and tend to be very
proactive and dedicated to their Vision. Entrepreneurs tend to be risks takers, many successful
ones have participated in calculated risk taking. Successful entrepreneurs great perception and
vision.
P7 how a person’s background and past experiences can hinder or foster entrepreneurship.
It can be said that an successful entrepreneur goes through many phases to become a
successful. These conditions will either increase ability of entrepreneur or decrease abilities
effectively. Background and experience of entrepreneur is affected by behaviour and
psychology. There are so many factors that hinder skills of an entrepreneur such as lack of
proper education and information, no experience of financial management etc.
In regard to thought about the exploration for business visionaries advancement, it has
been seen there are distinctive components exist that execute to make victories. It has been seen
that reward and downsides predominantly make affect on the business program. Along these
lines, significant aptitudes and capacities contends with different endeavours. There are a few
components exist that effect on the cultivating business enterprise which helps to achieve wanted
outcomes and results. They are as per the following:
Education: Education of business person predominantly make affect on the grounds that along
these lines, they increment their abilities and improvement program at work environment. In this
thought, it has been seen that abnormal state of training expected to play out a few objectives and
targets in the business condition (Fayolle and Liñán, 2014). As results, it expands execution
level and show positive effect too. Education is one of the effective method to improve the
personality and professionalism of the individual by which they can learn something new.
Family foundation: Family foundation additionally effect to encourage the business enterprise.
Along these lines, abilities and improvement exercises helps to execute innovative outcomes at
16
effectively.
M3 D3
For an example, a successful entrepreneur Mark Zukerberg who is the owner of Facebook
is leading the market effectively. There are many skills possessed by Mark such as setting targets
and objectives for both business and employees. Entrepreneurs strive hard to be successful. They
have the ability to set demanding targets and objectives for themselves and tend to be very
proactive and dedicated to their Vision. Entrepreneurs tend to be risks takers, many successful
ones have participated in calculated risk taking. Successful entrepreneurs great perception and
vision.
P7 how a person’s background and past experiences can hinder or foster entrepreneurship.
It can be said that an successful entrepreneur goes through many phases to become a
successful. These conditions will either increase ability of entrepreneur or decrease abilities
effectively. Background and experience of entrepreneur is affected by behaviour and
psychology. There are so many factors that hinder skills of an entrepreneur such as lack of
proper education and information, no experience of financial management etc.
In regard to thought about the exploration for business visionaries advancement, it has
been seen there are distinctive components exist that execute to make victories. It has been seen
that reward and downsides predominantly make affect on the business program. Along these
lines, significant aptitudes and capacities contends with different endeavours. There are a few
components exist that effect on the cultivating business enterprise which helps to achieve wanted
outcomes and results. They are as per the following:
Education: Education of business person predominantly make affect on the grounds that along
these lines, they increment their abilities and improvement program at work environment. In this
thought, it has been seen that abnormal state of training expected to play out a few objectives and
targets in the business condition (Fayolle and Liñán, 2014). As results, it expands execution
level and show positive effect too. Education is one of the effective method to improve the
personality and professionalism of the individual by which they can learn something new.
Family foundation: Family foundation additionally effect to encourage the business enterprise.
Along these lines, abilities and improvement exercises helps to execute innovative outcomes at
16
working environment (Mudalige, Ismail and Malek, 2016). With help of the family background
and own culture, individual learn various new things and skill. His and her personality always
reflects from their family and background.
Experience- Experience is another one of the factor that affect the foster entrepreneurship
which help to address the determined objective With help of effective experience, individual can
learnt the various skill, ability knowledge and capability regarding the work (Hmieleski, Carr
and Baron, 2015). On the basis of the past experience individual always learn to handle the
mistake in the present practices so it can be said that past experience is very important to
become a successful entrepreneur.
M4 D4
It can be said that characteristic, skills and traits of a successful entrepreneur is affected
by the education background, family foundation and experience effectively. IEntrepreneurship is
heavily influenced by four main factors, which are economical development, culture,
technological development and education. In countries and areas where these four factors are
seen to be, there tends to be a lot of consistent, strong entrepreneurial growth. All four factors
both have positive and negative influence.
Lawrence Ellison, started up a successful business, known as Oracle, nearly failed for Ellison
due to lack of capital and had many ups and downs.
CONCLUSION
The report is inferred that private venture associations and business visionaries assume
pivotal part in nation's adequacy. In any case, through this study, different devices and systems
are resolved for entrepreneurial endeavors. Moreover, different entrepreneurial endeavors
including likenesses and contrasts are considered. Successful attributes and aptitudes of a perfect
business person is got that is valuable for sorting out development and expanding quality
administrations are considered. In addition, appropriate information elucidation for miniaturized
scale venture affect on nation's monetary profile is perceived. From this report it has been also
concluded that there are major differences and similarities between various kinds of entrepreneur
business. Small business enterprise helps to the national economy in increasing the national
income and also enhance economic condition. It has been also analysed that business
17
and own culture, individual learn various new things and skill. His and her personality always
reflects from their family and background.
Experience- Experience is another one of the factor that affect the foster entrepreneurship
which help to address the determined objective With help of effective experience, individual can
learnt the various skill, ability knowledge and capability regarding the work (Hmieleski, Carr
and Baron, 2015). On the basis of the past experience individual always learn to handle the
mistake in the present practices so it can be said that past experience is very important to
become a successful entrepreneur.
M4 D4
It can be said that characteristic, skills and traits of a successful entrepreneur is affected
by the education background, family foundation and experience effectively. IEntrepreneurship is
heavily influenced by four main factors, which are economical development, culture,
technological development and education. In countries and areas where these four factors are
seen to be, there tends to be a lot of consistent, strong entrepreneurial growth. All four factors
both have positive and negative influence.
Lawrence Ellison, started up a successful business, known as Oracle, nearly failed for Ellison
due to lack of capital and had many ups and downs.
CONCLUSION
The report is inferred that private venture associations and business visionaries assume
pivotal part in nation's adequacy. In any case, through this study, different devices and systems
are resolved for entrepreneurial endeavors. Moreover, different entrepreneurial endeavors
including likenesses and contrasts are considered. Successful attributes and aptitudes of a perfect
business person is got that is valuable for sorting out development and expanding quality
administrations are considered. In addition, appropriate information elucidation for miniaturized
scale venture affect on nation's monetary profile is perceived. From this report it has been also
concluded that there are major differences and similarities between various kinds of entrepreneur
business. Small business enterprise helps to the national economy in increasing the national
income and also enhance economic condition. It has been also analysed that business
17
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entrepreneur have all responsibility regarding to manage the activities, and take the decision
regarding the prices of product and services.
18
regarding the prices of product and services.
18
REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Burns, P., 2016. Entrepreneurship and small business. Palgrave Macmillan Limited.
Schaper, M.T., Weber, P.C. and Gibson, B., 2014. Entrepreneurship and small business.
Dana, L.P., 2016. ENTREPRENEURSHIP & SMALL BUSINESS.
Mariotti, S. and Glackin, C., 2014. Entrepreneurship and small business management. Pearson
Higher Ed.
Hatten, T.S., 2015. Small business management: Entrepreneurship and beyond. Nelson
Education.
Storey, D.J., 2016. Understanding the small business sector. Routledge.
Henrekson, M. and Sanandaji, T., 2014. Small business activity does not measure
entrepreneurship. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(5), pp.1760-
1765.
Sahut, J.M. and Peris-Ortiz, M., 2014. Small business, innovation, and entrepreneurship. Small
Business Economics, 42(4), pp.663-668.
Miles, M.P., Lau, A. and Terziovski, M., 2017. Economic Gardening: Entrepreneurship,
Innovation and Small Business Ecosystems in Regional, Rural and International
Development.
Obeng, B.A., Robson, P. and Haugh, H., 2014. Strategic entrepreneurship and small firm growth
in Ghana. International Small Business Journal, 32(5), pp.501-524.
Kuratko, D.F., Hornsby, J.S. and Hayton, J., 2015. Corporate entrepreneurship: the innovative
challenge for a new global economic reality. Small Business Economics, 45(2), pp.245-
253.
Saleem, M.A., 2017. The impact of socio-economic factors on small business
success. Geografia-Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 8(1).
Ghio, N., Lehmann, E.E. and Rossi-Lamastra, C., 2015. The emergence of the knowledge
spillover theory of entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics, 44(1), pp.1-18.
Castrogiovanni, G.J., 2018. Guest editor’s introduction: so what is entrepreneurship
research?. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, pp.1-3.
Zacca, R., Dayan, M. and Ahrens, T., 2015. Impact of network capability on small business
performance. Management Decision, 53(1), pp.2-23.
19
Books and Journals
Burns, P., 2016. Entrepreneurship and small business. Palgrave Macmillan Limited.
Schaper, M.T., Weber, P.C. and Gibson, B., 2014. Entrepreneurship and small business.
Dana, L.P., 2016. ENTREPRENEURSHIP & SMALL BUSINESS.
Mariotti, S. and Glackin, C., 2014. Entrepreneurship and small business management. Pearson
Higher Ed.
Hatten, T.S., 2015. Small business management: Entrepreneurship and beyond. Nelson
Education.
Storey, D.J., 2016. Understanding the small business sector. Routledge.
Henrekson, M. and Sanandaji, T., 2014. Small business activity does not measure
entrepreneurship. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(5), pp.1760-
1765.
Sahut, J.M. and Peris-Ortiz, M., 2014. Small business, innovation, and entrepreneurship. Small
Business Economics, 42(4), pp.663-668.
Miles, M.P., Lau, A. and Terziovski, M., 2017. Economic Gardening: Entrepreneurship,
Innovation and Small Business Ecosystems in Regional, Rural and International
Development.
Obeng, B.A., Robson, P. and Haugh, H., 2014. Strategic entrepreneurship and small firm growth
in Ghana. International Small Business Journal, 32(5), pp.501-524.
Kuratko, D.F., Hornsby, J.S. and Hayton, J., 2015. Corporate entrepreneurship: the innovative
challenge for a new global economic reality. Small Business Economics, 45(2), pp.245-
253.
Saleem, M.A., 2017. The impact of socio-economic factors on small business
success. Geografia-Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 8(1).
Ghio, N., Lehmann, E.E. and Rossi-Lamastra, C., 2015. The emergence of the knowledge
spillover theory of entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics, 44(1), pp.1-18.
Castrogiovanni, G.J., 2018. Guest editor’s introduction: so what is entrepreneurship
research?. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, pp.1-3.
Zacca, R., Dayan, M. and Ahrens, T., 2015. Impact of network capability on small business
performance. Management Decision, 53(1), pp.2-23.
19
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