Environmental Health: Analysis under DPSEEA Framework

The study analyzes the healthcare determinants of environmental health issues under the DPSEEA framework. The socio-political and environmental factors that influence the change of environmental factors are also discussed. The sustainable developmental factors in the environmental concern are analyzed to determine the health care factors of the environment.

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
Analysis...........................................................................................................................................2
DPSEEA framework on environmental health............................................................................2
Factors that determine the change of environmental health issues..............................................4
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................6
References....................................................................................................................................8
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Introduction
The spectrum of environmental health hazards has stimulated a holistic change in the human
healthcare setting over the years. The environmental health determines the situation of the
environment that affects the human health. Presently, air pollution has become one of the most
concerning factors for environmental health. The rapid growth of air pollution cam is identified
as a key reason for lowering the health care situation of the New South Wales region. The
burning of fossil fuel and industrial wastages are causing around the death of several citizens
over the years. The reasons for the air pollution in the New South Wales region of Australia are a
change of climate, industrial emissions, domestic emissions and emission of greenhouse gas. The
extensive air pollution has been the key reason for several premature deaths and disease that
increases the healthcare cost of the Australian government from $11 billion to $ 24 billion. As
per the report of the World Health Organization (WHO) the growth of poor environmental health
has reduced the rate of life expectancy over the years. The advancement of technological factors
is now concerning developing environmental health. Thus, this study will analyze the healthcare
determinants of the environmental health issues under the DPSEEA framework. The study will
also unfold the socio-political and environmental factors that influence the change of
environmental factors. The sustainable developmental factors in the environmental concern will
also be analyzed in the study to determine the health care factors of the environment. The
effectiveness of the healthcare agencies and regulations will be under concern of this study. The
gaps in the effectiveness in the healthcare regulations will be analyzed in a precise manner. The
concluding part of the study will discuss the whole analysis in a single nutshell along with its
future prospects.
Analysis
DPSEEA framework on environmental health
Apart from the factors that promote the poor environmental health, several issues can be
identified for the poor environmental health for the people of New South Wales. The DPSEEA
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framework can be developed to analyze the factors motivates the downflow of the poor
environmental health (Lee, 2017). The factors that determine the environmental health are
driving force, Pressure, Exposure, Effect and Action. This framework is a strategic
representation to identify the key driving forces that that affect the state environmental and
human health (Lee, 2017).
Driving force:
The driving forces to promote the environmental health of New South Wales are the growth of
the population, economic development and technology. A wide variety of health effects can be
the after effect of the poor environmental health (Gentry-Shields & Bartram, 2014). The
increased rate of air pollution enhances the capability of toxic air that results in a decline in the
healthcare condition for the grown-up population (Gentry-Shields & Bartram, 2014). As per a
recent report approx 1 million people in New South Wales use to suffer from the chronic
respiratory problem and reportedly 2500 patients are hospitalized for respiratory issue in New
South WalesPRESS.
Pressure:
Pressure signifies the pressure from the external sources that promote poor environmental health.
Here, the pressure suggests the carbon dioxide emission, carbon monoxide emission and nitrogen
and methane emission (Aksas, Boughrara & Louhab, 2017). The emission creates hazards in the
air quality and reduces the efficiency of air. The reduction of air efficiency affects human health
and promotes the severity of cardiovascular disease, asthma and chronic breathing problems
(Aksas, Boughrara & Louhab, 2017).
States:
States represents the situation of environmental health. This shows the estimation for the air
quality index (Aitsi-Selmi & Murray, 2015). In New South Wales region the level of the coarse
particle is 10, the level of the fine particle is 2.5 and the level of the ultrafine particle is 1. This
signifies a poor trend of environmental health quality in the state. The number of particle in the
air enhances with the increase of the average population (Aitsi-Selmi & Murray, 2015). The
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average population in Australia has an average growth of 1.3% per year which is predicted to be
39.7 million by 2055. The data shows a trend of increase in the level of the toxic particle in air.
Exposure:
Exposure defines the exposed number of potential hazards that interacts the human being
through breathing, drinking or eating. The potential hazards define the amount of suffering in the
state (Wells, 2017). As per the recent report, the amount of potential sufferer due to air pollution
has been increasing for the last five years (Wells, 2017). The trend in growth has also exposed
the government to invest another $5.8 billion more in the next financial year.
Effect
Effects define the harmfulness of the state of environmental health. The increased amount of air
pollution has motivated the growth of the toxic factors in air quality. This results in an increase
in asthma, chronic lungs problems, lung cancer and cardiovascular diseases (Tan &
Thampapillai, 2013).
Action
Various actions can be taken based on the healthcare determinants of environmental health. This
includes a change of policy, change of environmental healthcare standardization, measuring the
technical controls and expanding the health education (Wessels, 2017).
Factors that determine the change of environmental health issues
The increase of urbanization has promoted the change in the air in New South Wales. The
increase of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide in the air increase the level of pollution (lorga,
Balaceanu Raicu & Stefan, 2015). Several issues have become concerning factors for the change
of environmental health. Transportation, industrial emissions, domestic emissions and
deforestation are the key factors that influence the increase in poor environmental health (lorga,
Balaceanu Raicu & Stefan, 2015).
Transportation
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The increase in vehicles to develop transportation is one of the key factors that influence air
pollution and poor environmental health. The emission of carbon monoxide from the various
vehicles increases the pollution level (Roberts, 2013). A significant growth in the air pollution
level due to heavy car engines has been found in 2006 which was 15 euro as compared to 13
euro. The increases in the rate of emission from the vehicles promote diseases like asthma
problem, breathing problem and cardiovascular disease (Roberts, 2013).
Industrial emission and domestic emission:
The industrial emission and domestic emission are one of the key concerns for the poor
environmental health. This emissions increase the toxic level in the air that creates breathing
problem for the people living in the locality (Mokhtar, Atan, Rahman & Khalid, 2015). The
emission has changed the condition of climate by creating holes in the ozone layer. The
consumption of fossil fuel is considered to be an important reason to increase the toxic level in
the air (Mokhtar, Atan, Rahman & Khalid, 2015). The industrial emission increases the level of
hydrocarbons in the air that is considered to be a significant cause for asthma. 2.3% of the
premature deaths in New South Wales in Australia happened due to the domestic and industrial
emissions.
Deforestation
The rapid growth of urbanization in New South Wales promotes random deforestation. The
random decrease of forests and trees create several complexities in the air. The amount of
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oxygen is lowering while the rate of carbon dioxide is increasing in the air (Mills Busa, 2013).
Thus the deforestation is increasing the poor air quality that increases the symptoms for ischemic
heart disease, lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The deaths calculated due
to deforestation and poor air quality in New South Wales is 27,519.
Sustainable development
Intersectoral planning must be developed to promote sustainable environmental healthcare
development. A collaboration and partnership of local and government stakeholders must
develop an environmental friendly framework that can reduce the toxic particle from the air
quality (Wessels, 2017). Apart from that, the Unitized Nations conference on environment and
Development conference has developed several frameworks and local plans for the sustainable
development of the air quality (Mills Busa, 2013). Collaboration, alliances and linkages among
the government and other non-government stakeholders can plan to develop the institutional
framework for environmental health, environment-specific healthcare tools and environment-
related healthcare development to reduce the environmental hazards. Moreover, The
Environment Protection and Biodiversity Protection Act (1999) can be implemented strongly to
reduce environmental issues.
Barrier in recommendation
Communication gap is considered to be the biggest gap to implement the policies and
regulations. The government and local stakeholders are unable to share space due to lack of
proper communication (Hunt & Fund, 2016). Moreover, the lack of sufficient resources can also
be identified as a key issue to implement the strategies and policies for the environment-friendly
framework (Locke, 2018).
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Conclusion
The study has discussed the importance, decline, recommendation and barrier to
recommendation the environmental health. The environmental health is impactful on the human
health. The decline in environmental health affects human health. The poor air quality has been
poorly impactful on cardiovascular problems, critical lung diseases and asthmatic problems. The
DPSEEA framework has been developed to locate and analyze the issues of environmental
health properly. The initiative between the governmental and the locality in association to World
Health Organization and Environment protection act of Australia are considered to be
recommended platforms, However, communication gap and lack of resources are considered to
be the barriers for developing the recommendations. The effective implementation of the
government and local policy frameworks and raising enviornment5al concern to the people can
provide an effective outcome.
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