One Health Concept: CDC Presentation for Global Public Health Leaders

This presentation, developed as a student assignment for the CDC's One Health Office, aims to educate public health leaders globally on the One Health approach. It begins by explaining the core theory behind the One Health concept, emphasizing the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health to improve overall health outcomes. The presentation details the CDC's initiatives within the U.S. and internationally, highlighting its efforts to balance ecological and human health. It provides concrete examples of how human and ecological health are intertwined, such as the spread of zoonotic diseases like rabies, anthrax, Ebola, and COVID-19, and the impact of deforestation and intensive farming. The presentation also covers the CDC's role in monitoring health threats, promoting collaboration among human, animal, and environmental health professionals, and providing information on disease prevention. The presentation addresses global health issues like antimicrobial resistance, food safety, and vector-borne diseases, and emphasizes the importance of a collaborative approach to address these challenges effectively. The assignment focuses on the importance of a proactive approach to address health issues across the animal-human-environment interface.

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
ONE HEALTH - CDC

An Introduction
In the modern era of fast life, health is the most important
issue that needs to be taken care of. A healthy nation is a
wealthy nation. Health refers to health of all the living
beings and this environment as a whole. Health care
system is one of the most crucial aspects that define
government in a particular state. It is important for
determining the physical and mental well-being of every
living being in the society in order to maintain an
ecological balance and for environmental well-being.

The Concept
One Health Concept
The One Health Concept by Centers of Disease Control
and Prevention states the inter connectivity between
health of people, animals and environment (Baum et al.
2017) . It is a comprehensive approach for prevention
of diseases and saving lives. The main motive is to
achieve optimal outcomes of health through the
recognition of interconnection between people, animals
and their respective environment.

The Priorities
One Health Priorities
The priority lists of One Health includes –
i. Global Health Security (Lammie and Hughes 2016)
ii. Prioritization of Zoonotic Diseases
iii. Zoonoses Education Coalition
iv. Education of Influenza and Zoonoses among Youths in Agriculture
v. Development of Guidance as per National Association of State
Public Health Veterinarians.

Interconnection between
Human and Ecological Health
Human-Animal-Environment
People’s health is closely connected with animal’s health and
the shared environment. Since population is expanding and
spreading across various geographical regions, interactions
with animals and livestock have increased that leads to
spreading of diseases from animals to humans. It has been
observed that out of 10 infectious diseases in people 6 are
spread from animals. Deforestation and intensive farming
causes changes in the soil. Disruption in the environment and
habitats increase the opportunity of disease transmission. So
One Health aims in prevention of spreading zoonotic diseases
like – Rabies, Anthrax, Ringworm, Ebola, Salmonella infection,
Lyme disease and many similar diseases (Lebov et al. 2017).

Global Issues
One health is a strong public health effort that works at local,
regional, national and global levels.Zoonotic diseases, food safety,
antimicrobial resistance, vector-borne diseases, environmental
pollution and contamination and food security are common across
the globe. Occupational health, non-communicable diseases,
mental health, injuries and chronic diseases are also some global
issues. All these issues are addressed by One Health so that both
the animals as well as the people stay safe and the environment
remains healthy. Some of the current global issues are MERS-CoV
found in camels, Rift Valley Fever transmitted by mosquitoes
H7N9 Virus and the current COVID-19.

Approach
One Health's Approach to Improve Health
Several health experts and professionals are brought
together. There exists cooperation between the human
health professionals, animal health professionals and the
environmental health partners. Collaboration is promoted
across all the sectors in order to serve issues at animal-
human-environment interface by working together rather
than working alone. They monitor health threats and
control them. They learn about how diseases spread
among animals, people and environment and thereafter
provide information on prevention from spreading the
diseases.

CDC
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is
one of the leading health institutes of the United
States of America. It is a national health public
institute that is headquartered in Atlanta. It falls
under the jurisdiction of the Federal Government of
the United States of America (Berríos-Torres et al.
2017)It is one of the major components of the
Department of Health and Human Services in US.

MISSION
THE USA
• Works 24/7.
• Protects America from Health and
Safety Threats.
• Supports communities and citizens in
US to fight disease.
• Conducts Critical Scientific Researches
• Provides Health Information

MISSION
GLOBAL
1: Protect and
Nurture Public
Health
2: Development and
Application of
Disease Control and
Prevention Program
3: Fighting
Diseases before
they reach
borders

Conclusion
It can be concluded that One Health - CDC plays an
importan role in maintaining health balance between
human, animals and the shared environment. They aim in
preventing transmission of any form of diseases between
the humans and animals in order to make the
environment a better place to live.

REFERENCES
Baum, S.E., Machalaba, C., Daszak, P., Salerno, R.H. and Karesh, W.B., 2017. Evaluating one health:
Are we demonstrating effectiveness?. One Health, 3, pp.5-10.
Berríos-Torres, S.I., Umscheid, C.A., Bratzler, D.W., Leas, B., Stone, E.C., Kelz, R.R., Reinke, C.E.,
Morgan, S., Solomkin, J.S., Mazuski, J.E. and Dellinger, E.P., 2017. Centers for disease control and
prevention guideline for the prevention of surgical site infection, 2017. JAMA surgery, 152(8),
pp.784-791.
Lammie, S.L. and Hughes, J.M., 2016. Antimicrobial resistance, food safety, and one health: the
need for convergence. Annual review of food science and technology, 7, pp.287-312.
Lebov, J., Grieger, K., Womack, D., Zaccaro, D., Whitehead, N., Kowalcyk, B. and MacDonald, P.D.,
2017. A framework for One Health research. One Health, 3, pp.44-50.