Environmental Impact Assessment of the Oil Company

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PROCESS DESIGN
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PROCESS DESIGN
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A list of final oil and refinery products
In the first process of oil refinery, crude oil is heated and directed into a distillation column.
Inside the distillation column as the crude oil’s temperature rises, it splits itself into various
components known as fractions (1). These fractions are then separately captured. Every single
fraction matches to a different type of oil product, subject on the temperature at which the
fraction boils off the mixture of the crude oil. This first process is known as distillation.
Cracking and reforming are the second and third processes respectively in processing oil and
refinery products. The densest fractions, consisting the gas oils and the residual oil, have a lower
value compared with those of the lighter fractions. Therefore, refiners pass through a cracking
process to disrupt molecules in the fractions. The process produces products of greater value
from the thicker fractions. Cracking is usually used in producing gasoline and jet fuel from the
thick gas oils, reforming process is usually used in low value light fractions, for the second time,
to produce additional gasoline. The process of gasoline includes chemical reactions under
pressure to convert the hydrocarbon chain structure.
In summary, these are the products of oil refining;
 Fuel gas
 Feedstock
 Ethane
 Propane
 Butane (2)
 Condensate oil
 Cracker feedstock

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Environmental impact assessment of the oil company
Environment impact assessment is a tool used in the assessment and valuation of the probability
of the environmental impacts of an anticipated development project while captivating and taking
into account the sociocultural, economic and human welfare impacts and effects. The key
purpose in the prediction of environmental assessment is to help in the project planning and
design. Through the use of EIA both environmental and economic assistances can be achieved
Oil Company contains petroleum products that may affects the environment by bringing in
negative impacts on the environment. The petroleum products comprise of the gasoline: diesel
fuel and heating oil, jet fuel, petrochemical feedstock, waxes, lubricating oils, and asphalt.
Environmental impact assessment of the oil company
This is the process in which the impact of the petroleum products on the environment from oil
companies are evaluated and assessed depending on the environmental, socio-cultural and
economic factors(3).
Petroleum products are used for car and trucks fueling and can also be used in the manufacturing
of plastics. petroleum products have negative effect and impacts on the environment.
Law and regulations, production, oil transportation and enforcement of safety and environment
aids in the reduction of the impacts and effects of the products on the environment.

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Economic assessment.
Economic assessment is the process of calculating and analyzing the possible and potential costs
and allocates values and standards on the expected benefits of the planned project, programme,
regulatory initiative or strategy. This aids in the comprehension and understanding the trade off
in various substitutes and selection of the suitable project.
The impacts of different and various products that are exposed on the environment have different
proportions cannot be quantified and valued in terms of financial valuation.
Economic assessment of the petroleum product to the environment work on the valuation and
calculation uses two basic distinctive measures of cost-effective analysis and cost benefit
analysis. Perceptions of social and economic values on risks and well-being as well impacts the
ways where various stakeholders evaluates the possible effects of a policy.
Export Routes
In the measurement and assessment of NC, various export routes works through the means of
stringent guidelines and standards in meeting the needs of WB.The diagram shows the NC.