Sustainable Engineering and Logistics for a New Shopping Centre

This report discusses the use of renewable energy sources and sustainable challenges in the production stage of a new Shopping Centre. It also explores the procurement and supply chain processes for the project and identifies the associated risks.

Environmental
Sustainable Engineering
& Logistics

Contents
INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................3
Part A.........................................................................................................................................................3
Four types of renewable energy sources that could be used for the project and reason for choices.........3
Sustainable challenges or issues within the production stage of the project............................................4
Part B.........................................................................................................................................................6
Procurement and productivity of different resources, supply chain and the purchasing process for the
project......................................................................................................................................................6
Risks associated with the project within the production stage.................................................................8
Part C.........................................................................................................................................................9
Application of any passive or active system for the project.....................................................................9
CONCLUSION........................................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES........................................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Sustainable engineering can be defined as the process that involves designing and
operating different systems so that they utilize energy in a sustainable manner and there is no
harm caused to the environment. All fields of engineering are increasingly incorporating
sustainability into their practice so as to improve the quality for everyone (Asees Awan and Ali,
2019). Sustainable engineering is important because if more buildings are designed and
constructed in a sustainable manner, the better it is for the environment. Sustainable designs of
the buildings help in reducing its operations cost and harness power from solar, water as well as
wind. The respective report is based on environmentally sustainable engineering as well as
logistics. The project is to build a new Shopping Centre, that is to completed within a time
duration of 36 months and the client is keen to minimize the overall impact on the environment.
It includes a discussion on the four types of sources of renewable energy along with the reason
for choosing them for the project. There is also a discussion of different sustainable challenges.
Part A
Four types of renewable energy sources that could be used for the project and reason for choices
Also referred to as clean energy, renewable energy is a type of energy that is obtained
from natural sources. The energy obtained from these sources is naturally replenished and
hydroelectricity, geothermal energy, wind as well as solar energies are some of the most efficient
forms of the same. The four types of renewable sources that could be used for the respective
project, i.e., building a new Shopping Centre are explained below along with the reason for
choices.
Solar Energy – The energy that is obtained from the sun, is the most freely and
abundantly available resource of energy. Solar energy is important because it is inexhaustible
and a clean resource. Also, there are no greenhouse gas emissions released into the atmosphere
when solar panels are used. In case of the given scenario, solar panels will be installed on the
roof of the Shopping Centre as this will help in reducing the electricity bills. Also, the
maintenance cost for the solar panels will also be less and there will be no pollution (Gatta and
et.al., 2018). Apart from this, another reason why solar energy could be used for the project is

because there will be less dependence on fossil fuels as well as foreign oil. This is an important
source of energy that is renewable.
Geothermal Energy – It can be defined as the heat that is obtained from the sub-surface
of the earth. The steam comes from different reservoirs of hot water that are found a few miles
below the surface of the earth. The reason behind the choice of this source of energy is that it is
environment friendly as compared to conventional fuel sources such as coal (What are the
Advantages and Disadvantages of Geothermal Energy?, 2020). Apart from this, the carbon
footprint of a geothermal power plant is also low, which means that it will be beneficial for
building the Shopping Centre. Geothermal energy is one of the most reliable forms of sustainable
energy and also, there is no fuel required.
Biomass Energy - Biomass electricity is strength generated or produced by means of
residing or as soon as-living organisms. The maximum not unusual biomass materials used for
strength are flowers, such as corn and soy, above. The energy from these organisms can be
burned to create heat or transformed into strength. Biomass energy is chosen for this project is
that it is always widely available and is a renewable source of energy (Grant, Wong and
Trautrims, 2017). Also, the production of biomass acts as a revenue source for the manufacturers
and thus, there will be no harm to the environment.
Wing Energy – Wind energy is the type of renewable energy wherein the wind is used in
order to generate electricity. This is another feasible option that can be opted for the new project.
The wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of the wind to mechanical power. The electricity
that will be generated from the wind energy will be used for lighting the shops and in the
Shopping Centre and hence, there will be no wastage of materials (Wichaisri and Sopadang,
2017). As a result, the shopping center will be able to run smoothly. The blessings of wind power
are greater obvious than the dangers. The most important benefits include a vast, loose,
renewable useful resource, monetary fee, maintenance value, and site of wind harvesting
facilities.
Sustainable challenges or issues within the production stage of the project
In the given scenario, the client’s project is to build a new Shopping Centre that has to be
completed in 36 months. The client is interested towards any sustainable activity. But during the
process, there can be certain sustain challenges that can arise. These challenges can have an

impact over the production stage of the project (Ilgin, 2017). Sustainable challenges can either be
from an environmental perspective, economical or cultural perspective. Building production can
be defined as the process of organizing as well as managing of the equipment, labor, materials as
well as plans that are involved in the construction of the process. For example, there can be
certain sustainable challenges from an environmental perspective such as the concrete that is laid
is harmful for the environment. Apart from this, there will be a loss of diversity due to the
construction of new building. There can also be various economical challenges that can come up
during the production process of the new shopping center. Any waste that is generated from the
construction site can also have a negative impact on the environment (Khan and et.al., 2017).
Other environmentally sustainable challenges can include useful resource depletion, organic
diversity losses due to uncooked material extraction, landfill issues because of waste generation,
lower employee productiveness, destructive human health due to poor indoor air first-rate,
international warming, acid rain, and smog due to emissions generated by using constructing
product manufacture.
These issues can include a lack or labor available for constructing the building due to
which the construction process can get delayed. As a result, the project will not be completed in
the given time frame, which is of 36 months. Apart from this, there can be changes in the
inflation rate and as a result of this, the overall prices of the raw materials will increase. Hence,
this can have an impact on the overall budget of the project. New emerging markets in
Manchester, where the project is based, can also lead to certain sustainable challenges to the
overall completion of the project. Though bad productiveness cuts throughout many areas, the
net end result is always the equal: dwindling profitability and growing expenses (Sharma and
et.al., 2017). Thus, in spite of the demand ability for brand spanking new construction initiatives
global, agencies will face the identical vintage issues. On the opposite hand, smaller or more
recent entrants may additionally discover it more tough to advantage traction inside the market.
With fewer resources on-hand, these small businesses may have hassle matching the pricing and
pace in their larger competitors.
In modern-day constantly converting international business environment, knowledge
cultures have end up critical and a prerequisite for commercial enterprise fulfillment.
Understanding and successfully managing cultural variations can offer numerous advantages for

project in addition to business enterprise achievement. These ideas emerge as greater crucial in
production because of the boom in strategic alliances on this industry. Managing cultural
diversity in production is crucial for the success mainly in worldwide initiatives. Understanding
and correctly managing cultural variations can provide several benefits for challenge as well as
employer fulfillment. On the other hand, problems arising from cultural differences can motive
waste of assets and put off of construction. The precise objectives of this examine are to find out
the reviews of managers about the viable consequences of cultural variety on some control
practices in production enterprise; the connection among the management of cultural range and
success; and the possible blessings and troubles of operating with exclusive cultures inside the
construction enterprise (Thamsatitdej and et.al., 2017). Therefore, it is important to adopt various
measures in order to make sure that all the sustainable challenges are addressed in an effective
manner.
Rapid growth of creation projects has benefited mankind through presenting social
requirement like infrastructure, constructing and many others as well contributing drastically in
financial increase of the United Kingdom. At the identical time is contributing significantly in
producing excessive quantity of creation waste, consuming aid excessively, and unfavorable
influences to surroundings, going through schedule put off and the use of immoderate finances
(Wichaisri and Sopadang, 2017). These demanding situations has positioned the practitioners to
undertake sustainable improvement principles in creation as conventional design and
construction specializes in value, time and great best and pay little or no attention on
environmental effects. On the opposite Sustainable production merges sound environmentally
accountable practices into one area that appears on the environmental, economic and social
effects of a building or building project as a whole. Thus, by taking appropriate measures and
planning effectively, these challenges can be eliminated and the project will also be completed in
time with the effective utilization of resources.
Part B
Procurement and productivity of different resources, supply chain and the purchasing process for
the project
Procurement can be defined as the process that involves finding as well as agreeing to
different terms, acquiring goods as well as services either through a competitive bidding or

tendering process. In other words, it comprises of the techniques and structured methods that
help an organization in achieve the desired goals and saving costs as well as reducing time. In
context to the given scenario, the construction of a new Shopping Centre, procurement can be
defined as the purchasing process of goods as well as services. It is the process by which
materials are required in order to construct a building are selected, ordered, paid as well as
delivered to the site of construction. The basic material that will be required to construct the
building will include steel, cement, sand, binding wires, concrete, bricks as well as blocks. The
procurement process will involve identifying the need at the construction site. Next, a purchase
requisition will be developed wherein and will be reviewed. On the other hand, supply chain
refers to a network between a company as well as its suppliers in order to produce as well as
distribute products to the end customers.
The process will involve effective planning of the product, demand, sales as well as
operation. This is because any material that is used at the construction site have to be selected in
a very careful manner in order to make sure that the building is safe and long lasting (Chileshe
and et.al., 2018). The materials will be purchased by taking into account the need for the same.
When the purchase request is developed, it is reviewed in an effective manner. Negotiation is
done on the prices of the material as well as quotation requests. The budget for the building will
be prepared and as a result, receive goods as well as services. All the records will be maintained
in an effective manner so that it will be easier for the project manager to review the complete
process of procurement and supply chain. The process of procurement starts only when the
purchase requisition is approved. The budget that has been put forward by the client is £320 and
time specified is 36 months.
The third step in the process is solicitation process wherein the procurement team will
develop a procurement plan (Procurement Management Process - The 2020 Guide, 2020). The
scope of this type of plan depends on the complexity of the requirement. On the other hand,
evaluation and contract is developed. During this, the procurement team will negotiate with the
suppliers. Once a seller is selected, the settlement negotiation and signing are completed, and the
purchase order is then forwarded to the vendor. A legally binding settlement activates right after
a dealer accepts a PO and recognizes it. The supplier supplies the promised items/services in the
stipulated timeline. After receiving them, the purchaser examines the order and notifies the

vendor of any problems with the acquired items (Cole and et.al., 2018). At this step, three
documents buy orders, packaging slips, and vendor invoices are coated up and reconciled to
pinpoint discrepancies and make certain that the transaction is correct. Discrepancies need to be
addressed once they may be determined. Therefore, this is the procurement as well as purchasing
process in context to the respective project of building a new Shopping Centre.
Risks associated with the project within the production stage
There are certain risks that are associated with a construction project include accidents,
injuries, a scope that is poorly defined, unknown site conditions and labor shortages. It is
important to identify the risks that are associated with the project within the production stage.
Not having enough labor at the construction site can have a negative impact on the overall
project as well as its productivity. This is because without the man power, the project will not be
completed within the time period provided by the client. Experienced and qualified labor will be
hired for completing the process. Apart from this, safety is another risk that is associated with the
construction of the new building. This is because there can be a case that the labor is not properly
trained or lack experience regarding how to handle the equipment. Safety education is simply as,
if no longer extra, essential as talents training and need to be a top precedence with new hires.
To combat exertions shortages, provide competitive wages and blessings and develop a
sturdy enterprise tradition that values employees and rewards difficult work and dedication (Han
and Trimi, 2018). This calls for money and time to invest in schooling and improvement of your
group of workers. Keeping people safe should be the top precedence on every jobsite. Site
conditions can exchange unexpectedly, and unexpected dangers can crop up at any time. Major
accidents can result in severe accidents or fatalities to your personnel. Your intention on each
challenge must be to be twist of fate-loose and make sure each employee is going home safe to
their family.
In addition to the ability damage to people, a severe accident can motive work to be
stopped or delayed and result in a lower in productiveness because of low morale amongst your
workers. This can position business enterprise, in massive financial hazard due to all of the
charges associated with coping with an coincidence. Dealing with a subcontractor that fails to
perform on a challenge is a first-rate hazard component for preferred contractors. A defaulting
subcontractor that isn’t meeting its contractual duties can absolutely destroy your mission agenda

and ruin your income margin. Schedule delays also can impact different subcontractors and
might result in high-priced transform.
No subcontractor starts off evolved an activity with the intention of defaulting at the
work. Subcontractors have to front a massive portion of the charges on a assignment before they
start getting paid (Setyadi, 2019). This can quick result in coins waft problems in the event that
they overextend themselves by means of taking on too much paintings or payments on different
tasks are being not on time. During the construction process, there will also be certain waste that
will be generated. It is important to make sure that it is disposed off in a sustainable manner so
that there is no harmed caused to the environment. Some examples of waste include nails,
plastic, cement, scrap metal and bricks. In context to the respective project, it will be kept in
mind that the waste is minimized. Apart from this, different types of waste will be segregated in
a very efficient way and thus, this will ensure that there is sustainable disposal of the same and
there is no harm caused to the environment.
Part C
Application of any passive or active system for the project
Passive systems can be defined as structures whose design materials as well as
placement optimize the use of light as well as heat from the sun directly. On the other hand,
active systems are the ones that have devices which convert the energy of the sun in a usable
form. This can either be electricity or hot water (Shokouhyar and Aalirezaei, 2017). Active solar
space heating machine, a collector keeping a heat-switch medium along with air or liquid
captures the sun’s thermal energy, which is then dispensed through the building thru electric
lovers or pumps. Currently, there are no pre-fabricated residential solar heating structures, so
fascinated clients have to rent a specialized engineering company to layout an appropriate
system. For the respective project, passive system will be used so that the Shopping Centre will
always have access to electricity all the time. Passive solar heating systems are a simple and fee
powerful way to take gain of the sun is free, renewable energy and displace the need for
electricity, natural fuel, or different active strength structures (Shurrab, Hussain and Khan,
2019). Strategic planning of building place, orientation, and materials provide awesome
manipulate over the interior temperature. Installing massive south facing home windows,
planting color bushes, and the usage of Trombe walls, which might be fabricated from absorptive

materials that shop warmth throughout the day and slowly release it at night, are measures that
can be adopted for brand new and vintage buildings alike. Regardless of climate, solar electricity
may be harnessed so long as the building has adequate insulation and ventilation.
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it can be concluded that there are different sources or renewable
energy such as geothermal, solar and hydro energy. Also, it is important to make sure that all the
waste that is generated during the construction process, is disposed off in a sustainable manner.
this will help in eliminating the pollution as well as any harm that is caused to the environment.
But there can also be certain risks associated with the construction of a new building such as an
inexperienced and qualified manpower, trips and accidents, scarcity of resources etc. Thus, in
order to eliminate the same, the project manager should make sure that the all the risks are
identified before initiating the process. As a result, the project will be complete in the given time
frame and in an effective manner.

REFERENCES
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Online
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