Epidemiology- Assignment Sample
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Added on 2020-10-23
Epidemiology- Assignment Sample
Added on 2020-10-23
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EPIDEMIOLOGY
Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................31. Notifiable disease with information about notifiable diseases in Australia ..........................32. What is contact tracing in epidemiology.................................................................................43. Tuberculosis contact tracing guidelines..................................................................................64 (i) Disease burden of TB in Australia......................................................................................74. (ii) How pulmonary TB transmitted and how infectious is it. ...............................................84 (iii) High risk contact tracing...................................................................................................84. (iv). Procedures for identifying contact including follow up .................................................84.(v) When would index student return to class & people know about their safety frominfection.......................................................................................................................................9CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9.........................................................................................................................................................9REFERENCE.................................................................................................................................10
INTRODUCTIONTuberculosis is referred as the infectious disease that usually caused and spread by thebacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis directly affects the lungs along withvarious other parts of the human body. The main symptoms of active tuberculosis involves as thechronic cough with high fever, night sweats, weight loss and blood containing sputum. It isspread through air when human who has active tuberculosis in their lungs cough, sneeze , spitand speak. In Australia it found that around 1,200 cases of tuberculosis was reported each year inwhich 85 percent of them are migrant populations. The main key element of controllingtuberculosis involves with early identification, treating with antibiotics and tracing thoseindividual who have close contact with tuberculosis patient. This report mainly involves withnotifiable disease in Australia, contact tracing epidemiology. This report also covers about thecontact tracing guidelines for the Northern Territory and Victoria along with importantdifferences. It also emphasis on the disease burden of TB in Australia along with pulmonary TBtransmitted and infectious causes.1. Notifiable disease with information about notifiable diseases in Australia Notifiabledisease are those disease that is required by the law to be reported togovernment authorities. The collation of this information allows government authorities tocontrol and monitor these disease and thus provide earlier warning of possible outbreaks.Notifiable diseases are potentially dangerous to human as well as animal health and it is termedas reportable disease. Notifiable disease mainly occurs during pandemics. In context withlivestock diseases it is stated that legal requirements are required in order to destroy the infectedlivestock that is based upon notification. There are many government authorities that has enactedrules and regulations for reporting both human and animal diseases in order to take precautions. The National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) was formed andestablished in 1990 under the provisions of the Communicable Diseases Network Australia. Thissystem control and co-ordinates the overall national surveillance of around 50 communicablediseases or disease groups. Through this scheme, alerts and notifications are made to States andTerritory health authority under the proper standard of the public health legislations(Ananthakrishnan, 2015). In the year 2014, the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System has received1,339 Tuberculosis notifications that has represented a rate of around 5.7 per 100,000
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