This paper discusses the use of Ebola virus as a bio-terrorism weapon in a crowded hospital. It includes the transmission, mortality rate, and impact on public health.
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Running head: EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE Name of the Student Name of the University Author Note
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1 EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE The pathogen chosen for bio-terrorism must pose risk to national security. The pathogen must get transmitted easily from individual to individual and result in high mortality rates. The pathogen must have a major impact on health of public (CDC, 2019). It might also cause social disruptions and pubic panic and hence seeks special attention ad special action concerning public health. The chosen pathogen in this paper is Ebola virus. Sierra Leone is the most severely affected country of Ebola virus outbreak in West Africa during 2013β2015 that led to the death of 11,316 people as of 20 January 2016 (Fang et al., 2016). Ebola is an extremely severe and infectious virus and are transmitted to people from wild animals (Judson, Prescott & Munster, 2015). Ebola must be obtained and grown in a massive supply in a costly endeavor to affect a huge mass of population. The virus is easily spread through personal contact of body fluids of an infected person, therefore, it will be difficult to control and manipulate the virus, once spread. (Judson, Prescott & Munster, 2015). Ebola virus does not have any cure. The supportive care in the hospital can only increase a patientβs probability of survival. Moreover, Plasma transfusions from recovered people with an antibody preparation can treat them. It is difficult to conclude that these antibodies will have an effect in the course of the disease affecting people (Bixler, Duplantier & Bavari, 2017). The geographical area chosen for this attack will be a crowded place so that a large mass of people can be attacked. Therefore the chosen location is a renowned hospital that has critical patients resulting into high mortality rates. Ebola will be used as a weapon by taking a large quantity and inserting into a bomb let or an explosive device. Once discharged, the virus will be spread up to 30 feet infecting a large mass of people since it will be landed to their cuts, face or hands that eventually end up getting into their eyes. The bomb will be planted in the space near the stairs and will be diffused during the night. We have included some hospital staff who were
2 EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE involved in this plan and kept us informed about everything about the hospital, when and where the plan can be executed. The attack rate will be much higher since patients and doctors both will be affected including every staffs of the hospital. The virus itself spread from person to person throughcontactswithbodyfluids,therefore releasing it in such an explosive way will cause devastation and serious damage impacting lives. The fallout phase of the Ebola outbreak hasbeennumericallypresentedwithgraph considering the infection rate as well as mortality rate. Table:βThe Epidemic DatabaseofEbola virus disease (EVD) based on impact estimation from January 2020 to January2021β Source:(Created By author) TimeNew Confirme d Cases Number of affected population Mortality Rate Jan,wk110502 Jan,wk212625 Jan,wk318807 Jan,wk415956 Feb, wk11811312 Feb, wk22513810 Feb, wk32015815 Feb, wk42117912 Mar,wk12820718 Mar,wk22222925 Mar,wk32425315 Mar,wk43528818 Apr,wk13832625 Apr,wk24537137 Apr,wk34841932 Apr,wk44246138 May,wk14650742 May,wk24555241 May,wk34860039 May,wk45265245 Jun.wk14970142 Jun.wk25075141 Jun.wk34879945 Jun.wk44984848 Jul, wk14689445 Jul, wk24493847 Jul, wk33897643 Jul, wk439101545 Aug,wk135105047 Aug,wk237108738 Aug,wk331111838 Aug,wk428114635 Aug,wk529117532 Sep,wk123119835 Sep,wk218121628 Sep,wk319123530 Sep,wk417125224 Oct,wk118127025 Oct,wk219128918 Oct,wk312130122 Oct,wk411131217 Nov,wk113132515 Nov,wk210133512 Nov,wk38134313 Nov,wk4713508 Dec,wk1813589 Dec,wk2513637 Dec,wk3613696
4 EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE Jan,wk1 Jan,wk3 Feb, wk1 Feb, wk3 Mar,wk1 Mar,wk3 Apr,wk1 Apr,wk3 May,wk1 May,wk3 Jun.wk1 Jun.wk3 Jul, wk1 Jul, wk3 Aug,wk1 Aug,wk3 Aug,wk5 Sep,wk2 Sep,wk4 Oct,wk2 Oct,wk4 Nov,wk2 Nov,wk4 Dec,wk2 Dec,wk4 Jun,wk2 Jun,wk4 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 max :52 max: 47 Stable: 1369 New Confirmed CasesMortality RateTotal affected population Total Affected Poppulation Figure:βThe Epidemic curveofEbola virus disease (EVD) based on impact estimation from January 2020 to January2021β Source:(Created By author)
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5EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE References: 2014-2016 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa | History | Ebola (Ebola Virus Disease) | CDC. (2019). Cdc.gov. Bixler, S., Duplantier, A., & Bavari, S. (2017). Discovering Drugs for the Treatment of Ebola Virus. Current Treatment Options in Infectious Diseases, 9(3), 299-317. doi:10.1007/s40506-017-0130-z Fang, L., Yang, Y., Jiang, J., Yao, H., Kargbo, D., Li, X., & Jiang, B. et al. (2016). Transmission dynamics of Ebola virus disease and intervention effectiveness in Sierra Leone. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(16), 4488- 4493. doi:10.1073/pnas.1518587113 Judson, S., Prescott, J., & Munster, V. (2015). Understanding Ebola Virus Transmission. Viruses, 7(2), 511-521. doi:10.3390/v7020511 Strauss, S. (2014). Ebola research fueled by bioterrorism threat. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 186(16), 1206-1206. doi:10.1503/cmaj.109-4910